Campaigns of Cyaxares

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Military campaign of Median king Cyaxares.

Chronology

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January 624 BC: Cyaxares II, the king of the Median Empire, ended the Scythian rule in Western and Eastern Iran in -625. This marked the restoration of Median control over the territory, consolidating their power in the region.

January 613 BC: In the year 614 B.C. the Medes smashed the kingdom of Assyria in an alliance with Babylonia and destroyed the city of Assur, 612 B.C. the ancient Assyrian capital of Nineveh also fell.

January 611 BC: Elam, already largely destroyed and subjugated by Assyria, thus became easy prey for the Median dominated Iranian peoples, and was incorporated into the Median Empire.

January 611 BC: It is unclear when Manna arose in the Meded Empire. Assyria fellin - 610, Urartu (Tušpa) around -590.

January 599 BC: Parsua was an ancient tribal kingdom/chiefdom located between Zamua (formerly: Lullubi) and Ellipi. In -600, the territory of Parsua was absorbed into the expanding Median Empire, led by King Cyaxares.

1. Medo-Babylonian conquest of the Assyrian Empire

Was a war fought between Media and Babylon against the Neo-Assyrian Empire that led to the fall of the latter.

December 615 BC: In October or November 615 BC, the Medes, led by King Cyaxares, invaded Assyria and conquered the region around the city of Arrapha. This marked a significant victory for the Median Empire in their expansion efforts in the region.

January 622 BC: Nabopolassar was the king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, and Der was a city located in Mesopotamia. The joining of Der to Nabopolassar's rule was part of his efforts to expand his empire and strengthen his control over the region.

January 619 BC: Both Uruk and Nippur, the cities who had shifted the most between Assyrian and Babylonian control were firmly in Babylonian hands by 620 BC and Nabopolassar had consolidated his rule over all of Babylonia.

January 614 BC: In the year 614 BC the Median Empire defeated Sinsharishkun at the Battle of Tarbisu.

January 611 BC: The combined Medo-Babylonian army marched on Nineveh. From June to August of that year, they besieged the Assyrian capital and in August the walls were breached, leading to another lengthy and brutal sack during which Sinsharishkun is assumed to have died.

January 608 BC: Fall of Harran to the Neo-Babylonian Empire.

November 626 BC: By October the Assyrians had recaptured Nippur.

1.1.Fall of Assur

The Fall of Assur occurred when the capital of the Neo-Assyrian Empire fell to Median led forces.

January 613 BC: The Fall of Assur in -614 marked the end of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as the city was conquered by the Median Empire led by King Cyaxares. Assur was a significant city in the Assyrian Empire, serving as its first capital and a major cultural and religious center.

1.2.Necho´s first campaign in syria

Was a military campaign by Egyptian Pharaoh Necho II that invaded the Levant to help the Assyrian in their war against Media and Babylon.

June 609 BC: Egyptian Pharaoh Necho led a sizable force to help the Assyrians. He soon captured Kadesh on the Orontes and moved forward, joining forces with Assyrian ruler Ashur-uballit and together they crossed the Euphrates and laid siege to Harran. Although Necho became the first pharaoh to cross the Euphrates since Thutmose III, he failed to capture Harran, and retreated back to northern Syria.

January 608 BC: Egyptian Pharaoh Necho led a sizable force to help the Assyrians. He soon captured Kadesh on the Orontes and moved forward, joining forces with Assyrian ruler Ashur-uballit and together they crossed the Euphrates and laid siege to Harran. Although Necho became the first pharaoh to cross the Euphrates since Thutmose III, he failed to capture Harran, and retreated back to northern Syria.