Bosporan Kingdom

This article is about the specific polity Bosporan Kingdom and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

Was an ancient Greco-Scythian state located in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus, centered in the present-day Strait of Kerch. It was the first truly 'Hellenistic' state, in the sense that a mixed population adopted the Greek language and civilization, under aristocratic consolidated leadership.

Establishment

January 437 BC: Hermonassa is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: Kepoi is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: Kimmerikon is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: Myrmekeion is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: Pantikapaion is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: Kytaia is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: Phanagoria is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: Tyritake is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 437 BC: According to Greek historian Diodorus Siculus (XII. 31) the region was governed between 480 and 438 BC by a line of kings called the Archaeanactidae, probably a ruling family, usurped by a tyrant called Spartocus (438-431 BC), who was a Thracian.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Conquests of Spartokos I

Conquests by Spartokos I, ruler of Bosporan Kingdom.

2. Conquests of Prytanis

Conquests by Prytanis, ruler of Bosporan Kingdom.

January 309 BC: Conquests of Paerisades I (349 - 310 BC).

January 309 BC: Gorgippia is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 309 BC: Labrys is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

January 309 BC: Theodosia is annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom.

3. Mithridatic Wars

Were three conflicts fought by Rome against the Kingdom of Pontus and its allies between 88 BC and 63 BC. They are named after Mithridates VI, the King of Pontus during the course of the wars.

3.1.Third Mithridatic War

Was the last and longest of the three Mithridatic Wars, fought between Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman Republic. The conflict ended in defeat for Mithridates, ending the Pontic Kingdom, ending the Seleucid Empire (by then a rump state), and also resulting in the Kingdom of Armenia becoming an allied client state of Rome.

January 62 BC: Because Mithridates' younger son, Pharnaces II, had revolted against his father, he was given the Bosporan Kingdom by Rome.

4. Pontic War

Was a military campaign waged by Julius Caesar (at the same time of his war against Pompeius) that lead to the Roman submission of the Kingdom of Pontus.

August 48 BC: After the death of Mithridates, Pompey made his son Pharnaces king of the Bosporus. Apparently, soon after receiving news of the defeat of Pompey (by Ceasar), Pharnaces began active operations. The first target was Phanagoria.

August 47 BC: Caesar decisively defeated Pharnaces of Pontus at the Battle of Zela. Pharnaces was killed and Caesar conquered Pontus. In addition, the territories occupied by Pharnaces were freed.

5. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)

January 399 BC: Nymphaion was annexed to the Bosporan Kingdom by the end of the century.

January 106 BC: The Bosporan Kingdom, ruled by King Pairisades V, surrendered their independence to Mithridates VI of Pontus in -107. Mithridates promised protection against the Scythians in exchange for their allegiance.

January 46 BC: Conquest of Pharnaces II (63 - 47 BC).