Kingdom of Aksum
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Was a kingdom centered in Northeast Africa and South Arabia from Classical antiquity to the Middle Ages.
Establishment
January 79 BC: The Kingdom of Aksum existed from approximately 80 BC.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
The northeast African Kingdom of Aksum invaded and conquered the Himyarite Kingdom in south Arabia.
January 526: The Himyarite Kingdom, ruled by King Yusuf As'ar Yath'ar, fell to the Kingdom of Aksum in 525 CE. The Kingdom of Aksum, located in present-day Ethiopia and Eritrea, was a powerful ancient civilization known for its trade and military prowess.
Were a protracted series of armed engagements between the Sasanian Persian Empire and the Aksumite Empire for control over the waning Himyarite Kingdom in southern Arabia (modern-day Yemen) in the 6th century CE.
January 571: After the Battle of Hadhramaut and the Siege of Sana'a in 570, the Aksumites were expelled from the Arabian peninsula.
January 576: In 575, the war resumed again, after Saif was killed by Axumites. The Persian general Vahrez led another army of 8000, ending Axum rule in Yemen.
January 576: Aksum re-established its power.
The northeast African Kingdom of Aksum invaded the region of Hejaz, in south Arabia.
January 703: In 702 Aksumite pirates were able to invade the Hejaz and occupy Jeddah.
January 703: In 702, the Kingdom of Aksum regained control of the coastal area of the Dahlak Archipelago, including the city of Jedda. This marked a significant victory for Aksum in their efforts to expand their territory and influence in the region.
January 704: Aksum regained control of ist coastal area and of the Dahlak Archipelago.
January 704: Jedda is reconquered by the Umayyads.
In 831 a punitive campaign of the Abbasid Caliph al-Mutasim defeated the Beja east of Nubia.
January 832: In 831 a punitive campaign of the Abbasid Caliph al-Mutasim defeated the Beja people east of Nubia.
February 832: In 831 a punitive campaign of the Abbasid Caliph al-Mutasim defeated the Beja people east of Nubia. The Caliph left the region after the raid.
January 331: Around 330, Ezana of Axum led his army into the Kingdom of Meroë, conquering and sacking the town itself.
January 570: Alodia was founded sometime after the ancient kingdom of Kush fell, in around 350 AD. Alodia is first mentioned in historical records in 569.
January 601: After a second golden age in the early 6th century the empire began to decline in the mid 6th century, eventually ceasing its production of coins in the early 7th century. Around this same time, the Aksumite population was forced to go farther inland to the highlands for protection, abandoning Aksum as the capital.
January 701: With the collapse of the Kingdom of Aksum around the year 700 CE, Beja clans invaded and established several kingdoms in present-day Eritrea.
January 703: In 702, the Kingdom of Aksum regained control of the coastal area of the Dahlak Archipelago, including the city of Jedda. This marked a significant victory for Aksum in their efforts to expand their territory and influence in the region.
January 897: The Makhzumis, who may have consisted of Arab immigrants, arrived in Showa during the 9th century. This ruling house governed the polity from AH 283/AD 896.
January 901: Under the reign of Degna Djan, ruler of the Kingdom of Aksum in the 10th century, the empire continued its expansion southward and sent troops into the region of Kaffa, located in present-day Ethiopia.
Disestablishment
January 961: The total dissolution occurred with the invasion of the Jewish (or perhaps pagan) queen Gudit (also known as Judith) in the 9th-10th century, which plunged the entire region into a dark period of which very little is known , until the coming of the Zagwe dynasty.
