Arghun dynasty

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Was a dynasty of either Mongol, Turkic or Turco-Mongol ethnicity, who ruled over the area between Southern Afghanistan and Sindh from the late 15th century to the early 16th century.

Establishment

January 1470: In the late 15th century the Timurid sultan of Herat, Husayn Bayqarah, appointed Dhu'l-Nun Beg Arghun as governor of Kandahar. Dhu'l-Nun Beg soon began to ignore the authority of the central government in Herat.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Events

January 1480: Arghun conquest of Baluchistan's Pishin, Shal and Mustang.

January 1503: Peaceful submission of Kabul to the Arghun Dynasty.

January 1505: Timurid conquest of Kabul.

January 1505: Babur besieged and took the city of Kabul in 1504.

January 1521: In 1520 Arghun ruler Shah Beg invaded Sindh, where the Samma dynasty was struggling under Jam Feroz. Shah Beg defeated Jam Feroz's army and proceeded to sack Thatta. The two sides agreed to a peace, where Shah Beg gained the upper half of Sindh (Thatta) while the Sammas retained the lower half (Bukkur). Jam Feroz almost immediately broke this agreement, but was defeated by Shah Beg and forced to flee to Gujarat. This marked the end of Samma rule in Sindh, as Shah Beg gained control of the whole region.

January 1526: Multan's Langah Sultanate came to an end in 1525 when the city was invaded by rulers of the Arghun dynasty.

January 1527: The city of Multan submitted to the Mughal Empire, which had been founded by Babur after his capture of Delhi in 1526.

January 1529: Multan, which was ruled by the Langah, fell in 1528 when it was attacked, probably at Babur's insistence.