Libyan Civil War (2014-present)
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Was a civil war in Libya involving several factions, but later evolving in a conflict mainly between the House of Representatives in Tobruk and the Government of National Accord in Tripoli. Despites the existence of an interim unity government since 2021, territorial factual control remains divided.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
August 2012: Handover of power from the National Transitional Council of Libya to the elected General National Congress.
February 2015: On 13 February, gunmen affiliated with the ISIL seized government buildings and radio and television stations in Sirte. These force reportedly issued an ultimatum demanding other military entities evacuate the city by the dawn of Sunday (15 February).
March 2015: On 26 March, the Operation Sunrise forces loyal to the Tripoli-based government and the Petroleum Facilities Guards, led by Ibrahim Jathran and aligned with the Tobruk-based government, reached a deal pertaining to the Sidra Basin area. Both sides agreed to maintain the cease-fire and to intensify focus on fighting ISIL. As a result of the agreement, Sunrise forces withdrew from Bin Jawad and some other former areas.
May 2015: Islamic State fighters captured the Qurdabiya air base south of Sirte after Tripoli aligned troops withdrew from the area.
July 2015: Al-Wushka, a little town 35 kilometers east of Abu Grain, was taken over by the Libyan branch of ISIL, without any resistance from the militant forces that control western Libya.
April 2016: Political and military authorities in al-Hawamid declared support for the Presidential Council and the Government of National Accord on 3 April.
May 2016: ISIL militants staged a preemptive offensive against GNA-allied forces in Abu Grein.
May 2016: GNA military forces recaptured Abu Grein from ISIL.
May 2016: Petroleum Facilities Guard reported the capture of Bin Jawad and Noufiliyah from ISIL.
July 2016: The army recaptured El Magrun on 19 July.
December 2016: Battle of Sirte (2016).
November 2014: A Tuareg militia reportedly seized control of the El Sharara oil field in Fezzan.
January 2016: ISIL takeover of the Libyan city of Bin Jawad.
February 2019: The Tuareg and Toubou tribal militias are loyal to the GNA.
March 2016: At the end of March, the mayors of Sabratha, Zultan, Rigdaleen, Al-Jmail, Zuwarah, Ajilat, Sorman, Zawia, as well as those of West and South Zawia, issued a joint statement endorsing the Government of National Accord.
November 2014: On 1 November, Zintan militia captured the town of Kikla, killing 18 and wounding 84 Islamist fighters.
February 2019: Siege of Derna.
January 2016: ISIL again entered Derna in December 2015.
February 2016: The Libyan Army managed to capture Marisa port which was a key lifeline for terrorists in the city to get supplies from the city of Misrata.
July 2016: The "Defense for Benghazi Brigades", an anti-Haftar militia, sponsored by Sadiq Al-Ghariani, captured the village of El Magrun, south of Benghazi.
July 2015: Clashes erupt between the Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna and ISIL in June 2015, with ISIL being expelled from the city by late July 2015.
December 2018: Battle of Saddada Castle.
April 2016: The municipality of Bani Walid announced support for the Presidential Council and the Government of National Accord.
February 2015: The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant took over the town of Nofaliya.
October 2014: Radical militants in control of the Libyan city of Derna joined ISIL, thus making Derna the first city outside Syrian and Iraq to be occupied by ISIL.
March 2021: On 23 October 2020, the Joint Libyan Military Commission reached a permanent ceasefire agreement in all areas of Libya. On 10 March 2021, an interim unity government was formed, which was slated to remain in place until the next Libyan presidential election scheduled for 24 December that year. However, the election has been delayed several times since, effectively rendering the unity government in power indefinitely.
March 2015: Military forces associated with the Tripoli-based government reportedly recaptured Nofaliya from ISIL.
June 2015: The towns of Rigdaleen, Jumayl, Zaltan and Al-Agrabiya agreed with the Libyan National Army to enter these towns peacefully and without any bloodshed.
May 2016: Operation Al-Bunyan Al-Marsoos forces reported the capture of the Sirte power station and also its advance on the town of Jarif to the south of Sirte.
June 2016: By May 2016, the Libyan National Army controlled at least 90% of the City of Benghazi.
April 2016: The outgoing authorities in Tripoli officially ceded power to Fayez el-Sarraj and the General National Congress was dissolved.
Was the first phase of the Second Libyan Civil War.
August 2014: After the 2014 Libyan elections, the elected deputies meet in Tobruch (this government, considered legitimate, is called House of Representatives - HRA), on August 25th, however part of the deputies of the previous legislature meet in Tripoli proclaiming themselves a legitimate parliament under the name of New Government of National Accord (GNA).
July 2014: Battle of Benghazi (2014).
August 2014: On August 23, 2014, Dawn announced that after a month of fighting, Tripoli had fallen into their hands. […] The Council of Deputies declared the counter-government “terrorists”. This had now reinstated the old parliament as the "New General National Congress" and in turn declared the parliament in Tobruk to be "illegal".
Was a military offensive of the Benghazi Defense Brigades (loyal to the Government of National Accord) in the coastal territory between the towns of Nofaliya and Ras Lanuf during the Second Libyan Civil War.
March 2017: LNA have recaptured all positions lost to Benghazi Defence and Misratan Brigades in a counter-offensive.
March 2017: On 3 March, the Islamist-dominated Benghazi Defense Brigades launched an offensive, capturing a strip of territory between the oil ports of Nofaliya and Ras Lanuf from the Libyan National Army, and then handing this territory over to the Government of National Accord.
Was a military offensive of the Benghazi Defense Brigades (loyal to the Government of National Accord) in the coastal territory between the towns of Nofaliya and Ras Lanuf during the Second Libyan Civil War.
June 2018: While the Battle of Derna was going on, Remnants of the Benghazi Defense Brigades led by Ibrahim Jadhran, former member of the Petroleum Facilities Guard, launched the Gulf of Sidra Offensive (2018), took over the oil terminals at Ras Lanuf and Al-Sidra from the House of Representatives.
June 2018: The Benghazi Defense Brigades are defeated. Ras Lanuf and Al-Sidra occupied by the House of Representatives.
Was a military offensive of the Libyan National Army (loyal to the House of Representatives) in southern Libya during the Second Libyan Civil War.
August 2019: The Southern Protection Force of the GNA recaptured Murzuq.
February 2019: On 4 February, the GNA retreated from Sabha.
January 2019: The LNA began taking positions near Sabha.
February 2019: The al-Sharara field was secured by the LNA without any losses.
Was a military offensive of the Libyan National Army (loyal to the House of Representatives) in western Libya during the Second Libyan Civil War.
April 2019: The Libyan National Army stated that they had captured Qasr bin Ghashir, Wadi al-Rabie and Suq al-Khamis.
June 2019: The GNA announced that it had captured the town of Gharyan from the LNA.
January 2020: The LNA captured Sirte.
May 2020: The GNA captured Al-Watiya Air Base.
June 2020: GNA forces continued their advance to Tarhouna, an LNA stronghold south-east of Tripoli, which was retaken. Bani Walid was also captured.
April 2019: The LNA reported capturing the village of Suq al-Khamis.
April 2019: During the late hours of the day a battle broke out over Tripoli International Airport, in which LNA forces were able to successfully capture the airfield.
April 2020: The GNA forces seized control of the LNA-held towns of Sorman, Sabratha, Ajaylat, Aljmail, Regdalin, Zaltan, and Al Assah, recapturing the western Libyan coast.
May 2020: The GNA forces retook two military camps, Hamza and Yarmuk, from the LNA south of the capital Tripoli.
June 2020: GNA forces launched an attack on Tripoli Airport, which they captured.
June 2020: LNA forces withdrew from their remaining positions in the southern outskirts of Tripoli, allowing the GNA to regain control of the whole city. This marked the end of the LNA's 14-month siege of the GNA capital.
April 2019: The LNA reported asserting control over the town of ‘Aziziya.
March 2020: The LNA captured Zelten, al-Assah, Al-Jamil and Riqdalin on the northwestern coast.
June 2020: The LNA recaptured the town of al-Asaba, south of Gharyan.
April 2019: On the first day of the offensive the LNA captured Gharyan.
April 2019: The LNA reported recapturing Gate 27, as well as asserting control over Salah al-Din and Ain Zara neighbourhood in southern Tripoli.
April 2019: By nightfall, the GNA claimed that it negotiated the surrender of soldiers belonging to the LNA 8th brigade in Ayn Zara.
May 2020: GNA forces extend their control over the towns of Badr and Tiji.
Was a military offensive by the Government of National Accord in central Libya during the Second Libyan Civil War.
June 2020: GNA forces entered Sirte. However, an LNA counterattack using drones, aircraft and artillery drove the attackers back.
