Second Intermediate Campaign
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Was a military campaign by Peruvian and Argentine patriots against Spanish rule in Peru.
Chronology
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June 1823: In 1823, Rear Admiral Guise led the assault and capture of Arica, a port city in present-day Chile. This military campaign was part of the Chilean War of Independence against Spanish colonial rule.
June 1823: General Santa Cruz arrived at the port and continued to Iquique to direct the landing operations of the patriot forces.
August 1823: In 1823, General Andrés de Santa Cruz, a prominent military leader in the Republic of Peru, led a group of patriots to occupy La Paz in Upper Peru as part of the ongoing struggle for independence from Spanish colonial rule.
July 1823: The patriots occupied Tacna and Moquegua.
August 1823: The realistic general Gerónimo Valdes attacked Santa Cruz, causing the battle of Zepita, on the shores of Lake Titicaca. The patriots were masters of the field, but without obtaining a decisive victory. But instead of consolidating his victory, Santa Cruz ordered the withdrawal towards the coast.
August 1823: The city of Oruro was taken by the Peruvian forces led by General Agustín Gamarra.