Peruvian War of Independence
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Was the independence war of the Viceroyalty of Peru against Spanish rule.
Chronology
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February 1824: In 1824, Spanish troops commanded by General Juan Antonio Monet entered Lima, the capital of Peru.
July 1821: Independence of the Protectorate of Peru from the Kingdom of Spain.
February 1824: Spanish loyalists recaptured of the fort on February 5, 1824.
Was a revolt against Spanish rule in Tacana, Viceroyalty of Peru.
July 1811: The Tacna insurrection of 1811 was an autonomist movement that took place in Tacna and proclaimed the independence of Peru.
July 1811: On July 25, 1811, the Peruvian separatists of Tacna learned of the defeat of the Argentine patriots in the battle of Guaqui. This event was the cause of total bewilderment between them, despite the fact that they were organizing themselves.
Was an indigenous revolt in Huánuco during the Peruvian War of Independence.
March 1812: Huánuco was reconquered by the Spanish forces.
March 1812: In 1812, Huánuco was conquered by the Spanish forces.
February 1812: Indigenous rebellion of Huánuco.
Was a revolt against Spanish rule in Tacana, Viceroyalty of Peru.
November 1813: The Peruvian Rebels took refuge towards Upper Peru while Tacna fell once again to the royalists.
October 1813: Under Enrique Pallardelli, the patriots of Tacna took possession of the city's barracks, capturing the royalist governor of the province.
Was a revolt against Spanish rule in Cusco, Viceroyalty of Peru.
March 1815: Angulo, Béjar, Paz, and González, were leaders of a rebellion against Spanish colonial rule in Cusco, Peru. They were captured and executed on March 29, 1815, as part of the Crown's strategy to suppress dissent through public displays of punishment.
September 1814: Battle of Huanta: the actions lasted three days, during which the Peruvian patriots retreated, abandoning Huamanga.
August 1814: In 1814, the Agulo brothers, prominent Creoles, led a rebellion in Cusco against Spanish colonial rule. They formed the Junta of Cusco, establishing control over the territory and supporting the Peruvian Rebels in their fight for independence.
September 1814: The Agulo and Pumacahua brothers organized an army divided into three sections: the first was sent to Upper Peru, under the command of León Pinelo and the Argentine priest Ildefonso Muñecas, and entered La Paz with 500 rifles and 20,000 armed Indians, with stones and slingshots, on September 14, 1814. On September 24, 1814 of the same year they took La Paz.
November 1814: Upon being informed of the war measures ordered by the viceroy and knowing of the proximity of royalist troops, Pumacahua and Angulo decided to withdraw around Cuzco, leaving all the municipalities and occupied provinces free. An open town hall in Arequipa reconvened and hastened to accord allegiance to the king on November 30 , 1814 .
November 1814: Mateo Pumacahua was a Peruvian rebel leader who led the patriots to victory against the royalists in Apacheta, Arequipa on November 9, 1814. Following their success, the patriots entered Arequipa and placed it under the Government Junta of Cusco on November 24, 1814.
November 1814: To recapture La Paz, the Spanish royalists marched from Oruto with a royalist regiment equipped with 1,500 rifles, and many Indians, commanded by the Spanish general Juan Ramírez. They met outside La Paz on November 1, 1814, with the defeat of the patriots.
September 1814: The second patriot section was installed in Huamanga, under the command of Manual Hurtado de Mendoza and had for lieutenants José Gabriel Béjar and Mariano Angulo. Therefore Mendoza ordered to march on Huancayo, cities which they conquered peacefully.
Was a military campaign by Argentine general José de San Martín against Spanish rule in Peru.
January 1821: Piura and Cajamarca were taken from Spanish control by Peruvian and Chilean rebels on January 6, 1821.
December 1820: Lambayeque fell to Peruvian and Chilean Rebels.
August 1821: Maynas conquered by forces of chile and argentina.
June 1821: Hachapoyas and Jaén conquered by Peruvian and Chilean Rebels.
July 1821: In a very solemn public ceremony, José de San Martín y Matorras proclaimed the independence of Peru.
November 1820: The Liberating Expedition was led by the Chilean General Jose de San Martin and the Peruvian rebel leader Simon Bolivar. They arrived in Huacho as part of their campaign to liberate Peru from Spanish colonial rule in 1820.
November 1820: In 1820, General José de San Martín, a leader in the South American struggle for independence, advanced to Huaura, Peru, where he set up his headquarters. The town was a strategic location for the Peruvian and Chilean rebels in their fight against Spanish colonial rule.
December 1820: In 1820, the Intendance of Trujillo, located in Peru, declared its independence from Spanish rule. The city of Trujillo, led by Mayor José Bernardo de Tagle, Marquis of Torre Tagle, played a key role in this rebellion.
July 1821: The forces of the Liberation Army entered Lima.
September 1820: In 1820, Chilean rebels under the command of José de San Martín landed in Chincha, Peru, as part of their campaign to liberate South America from Spanish colonial rule. The rebels aimed to gain control of strategic territories like Chincha and Paracas to weaken Spanish control in the region.
September 1821: The Peruvian patriots achieved the surrender of the Callao fortresses.
September 1822: The first Constituent Congress of Peru was installed.
5.1.Arenales campaign in central Peru
Was a military campaign by Argentine general Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales against Spanish rule in central Peru.
November 1820: Battle of Cuesta de Jauja.
October 1820: In 1820, General Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales, a Peruvian military leader, occupied the city of Ica.
October 1820: On 14 October 1820 in Nasca, the Peruvian rebels under the leadership of José de la Riva-Agüero declared independence from Spanish rule. This event marked a significant moment in the struggle for independence in South America.
October 1820: In 1820, in Palpa, Peru, Quimper militants were defeated by pro-independence forces led by Col. Rufino Guido. He commanded 80 horseback hunters and mounted infantry in the battle against the rebels.
November 1820: Battle of Tarma.
Was a military campaign by Peruvian and Argentine patriots against Spanish rule in Peru.
January 1823: Spanish General José de la Serna's forces, led by José Carratalá, pursued and defeated the troops of rebel leader Antonio José de Sucre at the Battle of Moquegua. This victory marked a turning point in the conflict, leading to Peru relinquishing territories occupied during the first intermediate campaign.
November 1822: In 1822, General Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales arrived in Iquique, where he landed a detachment to initiate action on Upper Peru.
November 1822: Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan military and political leader, arrived in Arica, a port city in present-day Chile.
December 1822: Valdés met him, fighting the battle of Torata.
January 1823: Peruvian forces advance towards Tacna.
Was a military campaign by Peruvian and Argentine patriots against Spanish rule in Peru.
July 1823: The patriots occupied Tacna and Moquegua.
August 1823: In 1823, General Andrés de Santa Cruz, a prominent military leader in the Republic of Peru, led a group of patriots to occupy La Paz in Upper Peru as part of the ongoing struggle for independence from Spanish colonial rule.
August 1823: The realistic general Gerónimo Valdes attacked Santa Cruz, causing the battle of Zepita, on the shores of Lake Titicaca. The patriots were masters of the field, but without obtaining a decisive victory. But instead of consolidating his victory, Santa Cruz ordered the withdrawal towards the coast.
August 1823: The city of Oruro was taken by the Peruvian forces led by General Agustín Gamarra.
June 1823: General Santa Cruz arrived at the port and continued to Iquique to direct the landing operations of the patriot forces.
June 1823: In 1823, Rear Admiral Guise led the assault and capture of Arica, a port city in present-day Chile. This military campaign was part of the Chilean War of Independence against Spanish colonial rule.
Was a Spanish military campaign against Peruvian and Argentine patriots during the Peruvian War of Independence.
June 1823: Lima fell to the royalist troops led by General José de Canterac due to the weak military defense of the city.
July 1823: General Canterac, a Spanish military leader, withdrew from Lima, the capital of Peru. The city was then occupied by the independent forces.
Was a military campaign led by Simon Bolivar against Spanish rule in Peru.
August 1824: In 1824, the liberating army led by Simón Bolívar and Antonio José de Sucre continued its advance towards the South, bordering Lake Junín. This strategic movement ultimately led to the decisive Battle of Junín, securing the territory for the Republic of Peru.
July 1824: In June 1824, General Simón Bolívar's liberating army, supported by Peruvian montoneras, advanced towards the central highlands and arrived in Huánuco, Peru. This marked a significant moment in the South American wars of independence.
December 1824: After the victory of Junín, Simón Bolívar, the leader of the independence movement in South America, returned to Lima, which had been taken by the independentist troops led by José de la Riva-Agüero. This event marked a significant step towards the liberation of Peru from Spanish colonial rule in 1824.
January 1826: Callao, the last Spanish stronghold in Peru, fell to the rebels.
Was a military campaign led by Antonio José de Sucre against Spanish rule in Peru.
February 1825: In 1825, Marshal Antonio José de Sucre led the Liberation Army across the Desaguadero River to occupy La Paz, Bolivia. Sucre was a trusted general of Simón Bolívar and played a key role in the independence movements in South America.
April 1825: On 7 April, Spanish general José María Valdez surrendered in Chequelte to Peruvian general Urdininea, putting an end to the war in Upper Peru.
March 1825: A Peruvian Division arrived in Oruro.
January 1825: In the third week of January 1825, the army led by General Antonio José de Sucre continued towards Puno, a city located in present-day Peru. Sucre was a prominent military leader in the South American wars of independence and played a key role in the liberation of Peru from Spanish colonial rule.
March 1825: In 1825 the Peruvian army occupied Potosí.
December 1824: After defeating the Spanish at the Battle of Ayacucho, General Antonio José de Sucre led the liberating army of Peru towards Cuzco. On December 30, 1824, the Peruvian division, under the command of General Andrés de Santa Cruz, arrived in Cuzco.
