rwanda
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics
The cluster includes all the forms of the country since the Middle Ages.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Kingdom of Rwanda
Republic of Rwanda
Rwandan Patriotic Front
Establishment
January 1501: In the 15th century, one chiefdom managed to incorporate several of its close neighbor territories establishing the Kingdom of Rwanda.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a civil war between the forces of the Rwandan government and the rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) from 1 October 1990 to 18 July 1994. The victorious RPF assumed control of the country and formed a new government.
1.1.First RPF Offensive
Military offensive by the Rwandan Patriotic Front during the Rwandan Civil War.
October 1990: RPF started from Uganda theit invasion of Rwanda. In the first few days of fighting, the RPF advanced 60 km south to Gabiro.
October 1990: By the end of October the Rwandan government had regained all the ground taken by the RPF and pushed the rebels all the way back to the Ugandan border. The Rwandan Government announced on 30 October that the war was over.
1.2.RPF Guerrilla Phase
After an unsuccessful offensive at the the beginning of the Rwandan Civil War, the rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front moved to the Virunga mountains and initiated a phase of guerrill warfare against the Rwandan government.
November 1990: The Rwandan Patriotic Front withdrew most of the army from north-eastern Rwanda, moving them to the Virunga mountains. The march west took almost a week.
July 1991: The RPF made some territorial gains including capturing the border town of Gatuna.
November 1991: By late 1991 the RPF controlled 5% of Rwanda.
1.3.Second RPF Offensive
Military offensive by the Rwandan Patriotic Front during the Rwandan Civil War.
February 1993: In 1993, peace talks between the Rwandan government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) failed, leading to a full-scale military offensive by the RPF. They quickly captured Ruhengeri on the first day of fighting, escalating the conflict in the region.
February 1993: Buyumba conquered by Rwandan Patriotic Front.
February 1993: The RPF had advanced to within 30 km of the capital, Kigali.
March 1993: After two days of negotiations in the Ugandan capital Kampala, the RPF withdrew to its pre-February territory.
1.4.Third RPF Offensive
Military offensive by the Rwandan Patriotic Front during the Rwandan Civil War that resulted in the ousting of the Rwandan government.
May 1993: The Rwandan Patriotic Front moved steadily south through the eastern part of the country, capturing Gabiro and large areas of the countryside to the north and east of Kigali.
June 1993: By 13 June Gitarama is taken.
July 1993: The RPF finally defeated the Rwandan Army in Kigali.
July 1993: At the end of July 1994 Kagame's forces held the whole of Rwanda except for a small zone in the south-west.
1.5.Operation Turquoise
In late June 1994, during the Rwandan Civil War, France launched Opération Turquoise, a UN-mandated mission to create safe humanitarian areas.
June 1993: In late June 1994 France launched Opération Turquoise, a UN-mandated mission to create safe humanitarian areas for displaced persons, refugees, and civilians in danger. From bases in the Zairian cities of Goma and Bukavu, the French entered south-western Rwanda and established the Turquoise zone.
August 1993: The French forces left Rwanda at the end of the UN operation. The RPF immediately occupied the region.
July 1994: End of the War. Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) victory.
January 1701: Establishment of Bushiru.
January 1701: Establishment of Busozo.
January 1701: Bukunzi was a small kingdom located in the extreme southwest of what is now Rwanda.
January 1701: Establishment of Kingogo.
January 1855: The kingdom of Gisaka, cradle of the Abagesera-Bazirankende, is an East African kingdom which was annexed by Rwanda in 1854.
January 1856: Bugufi is occupied by Rwanda.
January 1861: Bugufi is occupied by Urundi (Burundi).
July 1890: By 1st july 1890 Germany controlled all of Tanganyka (the continental part of modern-day Tanzania), Burundi and Rwanda as with the Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty the treaty with the East Africa Protectorate controlled by Britain was fixed.
July 1959: Rwanda becomes independent from Belgium.
July 1962: Rwanda gained independence on 1 July 1962.
Selected Sources
Langer, W. L. (1951): The Diplomacy of Imperialism, 1890-1902, (1951) , Cambridge (USA), pp. 6-10
