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The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Portuguese Timor
East Timor
United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor
Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
Establishment
January 1521: Timow was claimed by the Portuguese from 1520.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a succession crisis caused by the death of the King of Portugal without heirs. The conflict saw two main claimants to the Portuguese throne: António, Prior of Crato, proclaimed in several towns as King of Portugal, and his first cousin Philip II of Spain, who eventually succeeded in claiming the crown, reigning as Philip I of Portugal.
October 1580: Philip II of Spain succeeded in claiming the Portuguese crown, reigning as Philip I of Portugal.
Was a revolution organized by the Portuguese nobility and bourgeoisie sixty years after the crowning of Philip I (Philip II of Spain), the first "dual monarch", that ended the Iberian Union.
November 1640: A revolution organized by the nobility and bourgeoisie on 1 December 1640, sixty years after the crowning of Philip I (Philip II of Spain), the first "dual monarch", ended the Iberian Union between Portugal and Spain.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
3.1.World War II (Asia & Pacific)
Was the East Asian, South Asian and Pacific theatre of World War II.
3.1.1.Battle of Timor
Was the Japanese invasion and occupation of Dutch Timor and Portuguese Timor during World War II.
February 1942: On the night of 19/20 February 1,500 troops from the Imperial Japanese Army's 228th Regimental Group, 38th Division, XVI Army, under the command of Colonel Sadashichi Doi, began landing in Dili.
August 1942: The Japanese secured the central town of Maubisse and the southern port of Beco.
February 1943: Last Australian and Portuguese forces evacuated Timur.
3.1.2.Japanese Surrender (World War II)
Were the evacuation of the Japanese forces from occupied territories after the formal surrender of the Empire of Japan.
August 1945: After the dropping of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan accepts the Allied unconditional surrender terms (14 August 1945). Japanese forces leave occupied territories.
The Indonesian military (ABRI/TNI) invaded East Timor under the pretext of anti-colonialism and anti-communism to overthrow the Fretilin regime that had emerged in 1974.
October 1975: Indonesian conquest of Batugade.
October 1975: Indonesian conquest of Maliana.
October 1975: Indonesian conquest of Balibo.
December 1975: Battle of Dili.
December 1975: In 1975, Indonesian forces invaded Baucau, the second largest town in East Timor, resulting in its capture. This military occupation was part of Indonesia's efforts to annex East Timor, a former Portuguese colony.
December 1975: Indonesian conquest of Laga.
December 1975: Around 10,000 to 15,000 Indonesian troops landed at Liquisa and Maubara.
December 1975: Indonesian conquest of Atauro.
December 1975: Indonesian conquest of Aileu.
December 1975: Indonesian conquest of Manatuto.
January 1976: Indonesian conquest of Oecusse-Ambeno.
February 1976: Indonesian conquest of Maubisse.
February 1976: Indonesian conquest of Lospalos.
February 1976: Indonesian conquest of Lautem.
February 1976: Indonesian conquest of Tutuala.
February 1976: Indonesian conquest of Suai, Tilumar, Zumalai.
February 1976: Indonesian conquest of Ainaro.
March 1976: Indonesian conquest of Ermera.
August 1976: Indonesian conquest of Hato-Udo.
August 1976: Indonesian conquest of Viqueque and Beaco.
November 1976: Based on available maps.
January 1978: Indonesian conquest of the western part of the State of East Timor.
July 1978: Indonesian forces occupy the central region of East Timor.
November 1978: Indonesian conquest of Matebian.
April 1979: Indonesia fully occupied East Timor.
The 1999 East Timorese crisis began with attacks by pro-Indonesia militia groups on civilians, and expanded to general violence throughout the country, centred in the capital Dili.
October 1999: In October 1999, the United Nations then assumed administration of East Timor with the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) administering the country for a period of approximately two years.
May 2002: Control of East Timor passed to local authorities, which proclaimed the independence of the country.
January 1641: The Dutch (in the form of the Dutch East India Company) settled West Timor in 1640, forcing the Portuguese out to East Timor.
November 1975: The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Fretilin) declared the territory's independence.
Selected Sources
Durand, F. B (2016): History of Timor-Leste, Chiang Mai (Thailand), p. 114
East Timor and Indonesia Action Network. Retrieved on may 11th, 2021 on https://www.etan.org/etanpdf/2006/CAVR/03-History-of-the-Conflict.pdf
Fernández Álvarez, M. (1998): Felipe II y su tiempo, cuarta edición, p. 523
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.551
de Oliveira Marques , A. H. R.(1972): History of Portugal, Columbia University Press, p. 322-325
east timor
