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The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti
Kingdom of Kakheti
Kingdom of Kakheti (Persia)
Kingdom of Kakheit (Ottoman Empire)
Establishment
January 1015: Kvirike III declared himself King of Kakheti and Hereti.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of military conflicts between the Seljuk Empire and its vassals against the Kingdom of Georgia.
1.1.Georgian Reconquista
Were a series of military campaigns by the Kingdom of Georgia to reconquer lands controlled by the Seljukids and their vassals.
January 1105: King David's supporters in the eastern Georgian province of Kakheti captured the local king Aghsartan II (c.1102-1104), a loyal tributary of the Seljuk Sultan, and reunited the area with the rest of Georgia.
Expansion during the rule of Ismail I of the Safavid dynasty.
January 1504: In 1503, the Kingdom of Kartli and Kingdom of Kakheti became vassals of Shah Ismail I of Persia. Shah Ismail I was the founder of the Safavid dynasty and a powerful ruler in the region. This event marked a shift in power dynamics in the Caucasus region.
January 1514: In 1513, the Kingdom of Kartli managed a short conquest of neighbouring Kakheti.
January 1521: In 1520, the Kingdom of Kakheti was restored with the support of local nobles by Levan of Kakheti.
Were a series of wars between Ottoman Empire and the Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, and Qajar dynasties of Iran (Persia) through the 16th-20th centuries.
3.1.Ottoman-Safavid War (1578-1590)
Was a war between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire. The war was won by the Ottomans that gained various territories, in particular western Iran.
3.1.1.Lala Mustafa Pasha's Caucasian campaign
Was a military Ottoman expedition launched in 1578 by grand-vizier Lala Mustafa Pasha against Persia.
September 1578: King of Kakheti, Alexander acted wisely and made peace with the Ottomans on September 1, agreeing on the payment of annual tribute. Because of this agreement, the Kingdom of Kakheti managed to escape the war completely unharmed.
3.2.Ottoman-Safavid War (1603-1618)
Was a war between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire. Persia regained and reestablished its suzerainty over the Caucasus and Western Iran, which had been lost at the Treaty of Constantinople in 1590.
3.2.1.Safavid Invasion (1603)
Was the Safavid invasion of the Ottoman Empire.
January 1604: In 1603, Safavid armies led by Shah Abbas I captured Tbilisi, leading to the kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti becoming Safavid dependencies.
3.2.2.Abbas I's Kakhetian and Kartlian campaigns
Were a series of campaigns by Safavid king Abbas I in the Caucasus.
January 1613: In 1612, tensions between the kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti in Georgia and the Shah of Iran escalated when Teimuraz and Luarsab, Georgian rebels, executed pro-Iranian nobility, including the governor of Karabakh. This event marked a turning point in the conflict between Georgia and Iran.
April 1614: Shah Abbas I of Persia led the Iranian armies that invaded the kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti in March 1614. This marked the beginning of the Persian occupation of the region, with Kakheti eventually becoming a vassal state of Persia.
3.3.Ottoman-Safavid War (1623-1639)
Was a war between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire.
January 1634: In 1633, the Georgian kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti, ruled by King Teimuraz, rebelled against Safavid rule. This defiance led to the territory falling into the hands of Georgian rebels, escalating tensions on the Caucasian front of the Persians.
January 1635: In 1634, Rustam Khan, a Georgian convert to Islam, was sent by the Shah of Persia to subdue the kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti. Teimuraz I, the ruler of Kartli, was defeated by Rustam Khan during this campaign.
Were a series of wars between Persia and Russia in the period 1651-1828.
4.1.Russo-Persian War (1722-23)
Was a war between the Russian Empire and Safavid Iran, triggered by the Tsar's attempt to expand Russian influence in the Caspian and Caucasus regions.
June 1724: The Treaty of Constantinople (1724) concluded between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire, dividing large portions of the Safavid Iran between them. Iranian lands located on the east of the conjunction of the rivers Kurosh (Kur) and Aras were given to the Russians. These comprised the provinces in northern mainland Iran (Gilan, Mazandaran and Astrabad), the territories in Dagestan (amongst which Derbent), as well as Baku and the territory surrounding it in the Shirvan province.
March 1735: The Treaty of Ganja concluded between the Russian Empire and Iran established a defensive alliance against the Ottoman Empire. The Russian government agreed to return the remaining territories in the North Caucasus and South Caucasus, including Derbend and Baku, that had been conquered by Peter I in the 1720s.
Expansion during the rule of Adel Shah of Afsharid Iran.
January 1748: The Elisu Sultanate (Persia) formed as a result of the weakening of the central power in Persia after the assassination of Afsharid ruler Nadir Shah.
Was a civil war in Persia that led to the end of the Afsharid Dynasty, whose place was taken by the Qajar Dynasty.
January 1762: Teimuraz II was the ruler of Kartli, while Irakli II was the ruler of Kakheti. After Teimuraz II's death in 1762, Irakli II assumed control over Kartli, uniting the two territories into the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti.
January 1046: After the fall of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia in 1045, Kiurike II was bestowed by the Byzantines with the title of Kouropalates and became an independent ruler in the region of Tashir.
January 1466: Giorgi VIII went to Kakheti and formed an independent Kakhetian Kingdom.
January 1748: Erekle II and Teimuraz II, who, in 1744, had been made the kings of Kakheti and Kartli respectively by Nader himself for their loyal service, capitalized on the eruption of instability and declared de facto independence.
Disestablishment
January 1762: Teimuraz II was the ruler of Kartli, while Irakli II was the ruler of Kakheti. After Teimuraz II's death in 1762, Irakli II assumed control over Kartli, uniting the two territories into the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti.
kakheti
