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Data

Name: equatorial guinea

Type: Cluster

Start: 1475 AD

End: 2022 AD

Statistics

All Statistics: All Statistics

Icon equatorial guinea

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics

The cluster includes all the forms of the country.

The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:

  • Equatorial guinea (Portugal)
  • Rio Muni (Spain)
  • Bioko (Spain)
  • Spanish Guinea
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Establishment


  • January 1475: Fernando Pó and Annobón were colonized by Portugal in 1474.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. War of the Portuguese Succession


    Was a succession crisis caused by the death of the King of Portugal without heirs. The conflict saw two main claimants to the Portuguese throne: António, Prior of Crato, proclaimed in several towns as King of Portugal, and his first cousin Philip II of Spain, who eventually succeeded in claiming the crown, reigning as Philip I of Portugal.

  • October 1580: Philip II of Spain succeeded in claiming the Portuguese crown, reigning as Philip I of Portugal.

  • 2. Portuguese Restoration War


    Was a revolution organized by the Portuguese nobility and bourgeoisie sixty years after the crowning of Philip I (Philip II of Spain), the first "dual monarch", that ended the Iberian Union.

  • November 1640: A revolution organized by the nobility and bourgeoisie on 1 December 1640, sixty years after the crowning of Philip I (Philip II of Spain), the first "dual monarch", ended the Iberian Union between Portugal and Spain.

  • 3. Treaty of El Pardo (1778)


    The Treaty of El Pardo signed on 11 March 1778 sought to end conflict between Spain and Portugal in the Río de la Plata region, along the modern boundary between Argentina and Uruguay.

  • March 1778: In 1778, the Spanish Crown acquired the Portuguese islands of Annobón and Bioko (Fernão Pó), as well as the mainland territory between the Niger River and the Ogoue River. This transfer was part of the Treaty of El Pardo, negotiated by King Charles III of Spain and Queen Maria I of Portugal.

  • 4. World War I


    Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.

    4.1.World War I African Theatre

    Was the African Theatre of World War I.

    4.1.1.Kamerun Campaign

    Took place in the German colony of Kamerun in the African theatre of the First World War when the British, French and Belgians invaded the German colony.

  • March 1916: Provisional division of militarly occupied German Kamerun between France and the United Kingdom.

  • 5. Spanish Civil War


    Was a civil war in Spain fought between the Republicans (that wanted to keep the current Republican system) and the Nationalists (that wanted to end the Republican system and replace it with a Monarchy or a Fascist regime). The war resulted in the victory of the Conservatives led by General Francisco Franco, who established a totalitarian regime in Spain.

  • September 1936: The Nationalist rebellion succeeds in the island of Fernando Poo (Spanish Guinea).
  • October 1936: Nationalist troops from the Canary Islands disembarked at Bata and took control of the continental part of Spanish Guinea.
  • April 1939: The Spanish Republic was dissolved on 1 April 1939 after surrendering to the Nationalists. A military dictatorship under General Francisco Franco was established.

  • 6. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)


  • January 1828: Unwilling to invest heavily in the development of Fernando Pó, from 1827 to 1843, the Spanish leased a base at Malabo on Bioko to the United Kingdom.

  • January 1844: Based on an agreement with Spain in 1843, Britain moved its base in Malabo to its own colony of Sierra Leone in West Africa.

  • January 1859: 1858: State split between Cabo San Juan and Corisco.

  • January 1886: Río Muni became a Spanish protectorate in 1885.

  • June 1900: Spain had never undertaken colonial settlement of the large area in the Bight of Biafra to which it had treaty rights. The French expanded their occupation at the expense of the area claimed by Spain. By the treaty of Paris in 1900, Spain was left with the continental enclave of Río Muni.

  • January 1927: In 1926 Bioko and Rio Muni were united as the colony of Spanish Guinea.

  • October 1968: Indipendence of Equatorial Guinea from Spain.

  • Selected Sources


  • Fernández Álvarez, M. (1998): Felipe II y su tiempo, cuarta edición, p. 523
  • de Oliveira Marques , A. H. R.(1972): History of Portugal, Columbia University Press, p. 322-325
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