maldives
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The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Kingdom of the Maldives
Sultanate of the Maldives
Maldives (Portugal)
Maldives (Netherlands)
Maldives (Great Britain)
Republic of Maldive Islands
Republic of Maldives
Establishment
January 268 BC: Founding of Kingdom of Dheeva Maar.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a succession crisis caused by the death of the King of Portugal without heirs. The conflict saw two main claimants to the Portuguese throne: António, Prior of Crato, proclaimed in several towns as King of Portugal, and his first cousin Philip II of Spain, who eventually succeeded in claiming the crown, reigning as Philip I of Portugal.
October 1580: Philip II of Spain succeeded in claiming the Portuguese crown, reigning as Philip I of Portugal.
Was a revolution organized by the Portuguese nobility and bourgeoisie sixty years after the crowning of Philip I (Philip II of Spain), the first "dual monarch", that ended the Iberian Union.
November 1640: A revolution organized by the nobility and bourgeoisie on 1 December 1640, sixty years after the crowning of Philip I (Philip II of Spain), the first "dual monarch", ended the Iberian Union between Portugal and Spain.
Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.
3.1.French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars - Theatre of war in the overseas colonies
The theatre of war in the overseas colonies during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
January 1797: The British expelled the Dutch from Ceylon in 1796 and included Maldives as a British protected area.
January 1154: The Maldives was turned into a Sultanate in 1153 when the Buddhist King Dhovemi converted to Islam.
January 1519: In 1518, the Sultanate of the Maldives came under Portuguese pocontrol.
January 1522: The Sultanate of the Maldives regained control of their territory in 1522, ending the Portuguese domain.
January 1559: In 1558 the Portuguese established a small garrison with a Viador, or overseer of a factory (trading post) in the Maldives, which they administered from their main colony in Goa.
January 1650: Dutch hegemony over Maldivian affairs.
January 1959: The Suvadives declared independence on January 3, 1959.
September 1963: Suvadive government was de-established on September 23, 1963.
July 1965: When the British became increasingly unable to continue their colonial hold on Asia and were losing their colonies to the indigenous populations who wanted freedom, on 26 July 1965 an agreement was signed on behalf of the Sultan by Ibrahim Nasir Rannabandeyri Kilegefan, Prime Minister, and on behalf of the British government by Sir Michael Walker, British Ambassador-designate to the Maldive Islands, which formally ended the British authority.
January 1970: The Republic of Maldive Islands changes its name into Republic of Maldives.
Selected Sources
Fernández Álvarez, M. (1998): Felipe II y su tiempo, cuarta edición, p. 523
de Oliveira Marques , A. H. R.(1972): History of Portugal, Columbia University Press, p. 322-325
