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A Greek polis in the ancient region of Phokis.
Establishment
January 799 BC: The year of foundation of the polity of Erochos is based on peer group of similar polities in the same region (Phersu Atlas assumption).
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire and Greek city-states.
1.1.First Persian invasion of Greece
Were a series of campaigns of Achaemenid ruler Darius the Great against the poleis of Greece resulting in Persian occupation of Thrace but also in the Persian defeat in Greece proper.
January 480 BC: Erochos was destroyed in 480 BC.
1.2.Second Persian invasion of Greece
Was an unsuccesful military campaign waged by Achaemenid King Xerxes I that sought to conquer all of Greece.
January 479 BC: Erochos was destroyed in 480 BC (and then probably reubilt).
Was a war fought between Sparta as leader of the Peloponnesian League and Sparta's other allies, most notably Thebes, against the Delian League led by Athens with support from Argos.
January 456 BC: The Athenians sent an army under Myronides to attack Boeotia. The Boeotian army gave battle to the Athenians at Oenophyta. The Athenians scored a crushing victory which led to the Athenians conquering all of Boeotia except for Thebes, as well as Phocis and Locris.
January 446 BC: In 447 BC a revolt against the Athenians broke out in Boeotia causing the end of the continental part of the Athenian Empire on the Greek mainland. The Athenians were defeated at the Battle of Coronea. Athens abandoned Boeotia, Phocis, and Locris.
Expansion of Macedonia under King Philip II.
3.1.Third Sacred War
Was fought between the forces of the Delphic Amphictyonic League, principally represented by Thebes, and latterly by Philip II of Macedon, and the Phocians.
January 346 BC: Erochos was destroyed in 480 BC and reappeared around 346 BC.
January 345 BC: Erochos: Destroyed in 480 BC.
3.2.Philip II's campaign in Greece (Fourth Sacred War)
Was the military campaign of Macedonia king Philip II in Greece during the Fourth Sacred War.
August 338 BC: Philip II of Macedon advanced into Boeotia in an attempt to march on Thebes and Athens.
January 337 BC: The battle of Chaeronea (338 BC) was fought in 338 BC, in Boeotia, between Macedonia under Philip II and an alliance of city-states led by Athens and Thebes. The battle ended with a decisive victory of the Macedonians. Philip had no intention of conquering any territory and soon the Macedonian armies left southern Greece. After the battle, Macedon established hegemony over the majority of Southern Greece (except Sparta).
Disestablishment
January 195 BC: Erochos was annexed by the Aetolian League in 196 BC.
Selected Sources
Boardman, J. / Griffin, J. / Murray, O. (2001): The Oxford Illustrated History of Greece and the Hellenistic World, Oxford (UK), p. 417
Cawkwell, G. (1978): Philip II of Macedon, London (UK), p. 142
Cawkwell, G. (1978): Philip II of Macedon, London (UK), pp. 147-166
Hansen, M. G. / Nielsen, T. H. (2004): An inventory of archaic and classic polities, Oxford University Press, pp. 1363-1364
Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, 1.108
Erochos
