First Peloponnesian War
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Was a war fought between Sparta as leader of the Peloponnesian League and Sparta's other allies, most notably Thebes, against the Delian League led by Athens with support from Argos.
Chronology
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January 456 BC: The Athenians sent an army under Myronides to attack Boeotia. The Boeotian army gave battle to the Athenians at Oenophyta. The Athenians scored a crushing victory which led to the Athenians conquering all of Boeotia except for Thebes, as well as Phocis and Locris.
January 445 BC: The Boeotians remained weak until 446, when they revolted against Athenian domination and reconstituted the league.
January 446 BC: In 447 BC a revolt against the Athenians broke out in Boeotia causing the end of the continental part of the Athenian Empire on the Greek mainland. The Athenians were defeated at the Battle of Coronea. Athens abandoned Boeotia, Phocis, and Locris.
January 456 BC: The Athenians followed up this success by capturing the city of Chalcis on the Corinthian Gulf and then landing in the territory of Sicyon and defeating the Sicyonians in battle.
January 456 BC: Battle of Tanagra: Thebes enters the Peloponnesian League.
January 456 BC: Aegina surrendered to Athens and was forced to become part of the Delian League.
January 456 BC: During the Peloponnesian War, the Athenians, led by their general Alcibiades, launched a naval expedition in -457 to attack the Spartan stronghold of Gythium. This strategic move weakened the Spartan naval power and expanded Athenian control in the region.
February 456 BC: During the Peloponnesian War, the Athenians, led by Admiral Tolmides, launched a naval expedition in -456 to attack the Spartan dockyards in Gythium. This strategic move aimed to weaken Sparta's naval power and control over the region.
January 455 BC: Athens occupied the territory of Naupactus
January 447 BC: The defeat at Coronea, however, triggered a more dangerous disturbance, in which Euboea and Megara revolted.
Was a treaty signed between the ancient Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta that brought an end to the First Peloponnesian War.
April 445 BC: The arrangement between Sparta and Athens was ratified by the "Thirty Years' Peace" (winter of 446-445 BC). According to this treaty, Megara was returned to the Peloponnesian League.
January 444 BC: With the peace treaty between Athens and Sparta, Paghe came under the influence of Megara.
April 445 BC: Troezen and Achaea became independent from Athens.
April 445 BC: Aegina was to be a tributary to Athens but autonomous.
Selected Sources
Boardman, J. / Griffin, J. / Murray, O. (2001): The Oxford Illustrated History of Greece and the Hellenistic World, Oxford (UK), p. 417
Fine, J.V.A. (1983): The Ancient Greeks: A Critical History, Harvard University Press, p. 368
Spence, I. (2002): Historical Dictionary of Ancient Greek Warfare, Scarecrow Press, p. XXV
Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, 1.108
