Terra Mariana (Holy Roman state)

This article is about the specific polity Terra Mariana (Holy Roman state) and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

Was a polity formed in the aftermath of the Livonian Crusade, its territories were composed of present-day Estonia and Latvia. It was established on 2 February 1207, as a principality of the Holy Roman Empire, but lost this status in 1215 when Pope Innocent III proclaimed it as directly subject to the Holy See.

Establishment

February 1207: The Livonian Borthers of the sword became a principality of the Holy Roman Empire.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Events

January 1208: In 1207, Jogentagana was conquered by the Teutonic Order during the Estonian Crusade. It then became part of the Livonian Order, which was a branch of the Teutonic Order established in the Terra Mariana region of the Holy Roman state.

January 1208: Läänema is conquered by the Livonian Knights.

January 1208: Sakala fell under the Livonian Confederation.

January 1208: Alempois is conquered by the Livonian Knights.

January 1208: Järva is conquered by the Livonian Knights.

January 1209: By 1208 the important Daugava trading posts of Salaspils, Koknese and Sēlpils Castle had been taken over as a result of Albert's energetic campaigning.

January 1209: By 1208 the important Daugava trading posts of Salaspils, Koknese and Sēlpils Castle had been taken over by the Livonian Order.

January 1210: In 1209 Albert, leading the forces of the Order, captured the capital of the Latgalian Principality of Jersika, and took the wife of the ruler Visvaldis captive. Visvaldis was forced to submit his kingdom.

January 1210: Livonian conquests during the wars against Livs and Latgalians (1198-1209).

January 1210: In 1209 Visvaldis, the prince of Jersika, was defeated by bishop Albert of Riga and the Livonian Brothers of the Sword, and his Lithuanian wife taken prisoner. He was forced to submit his kingdom to Albert as a grant to the Bishopric of Riga, and received back only a portion of it as a fief. He lost the ands of Autīne and Cesvaine.

January 1210: By 1209 Koknese had been taken over by the Brothers of the Sword and the sovereignty of Polotsk was finally revoked in 1215.

January 1215: Tālava, weakened in wars with Estonians and Russians, became a vassal state of the Archbishopric of Riga in 1214.