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Was a long-lived Avar state, which controlled mountainous parts of Dagestan (in the North Caucasus) from the early 13th century to the 19th century.
Establishment
January 1101: Disintegration of the state of Sarir in the early 12th century.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of military conflicts between the Seljuk Empire and its vassals against the Kingdom of Georgia.
1.1.Georgian Reconquista
Were a series of military campaigns by the Kingdom of Georgia to reconquer lands controlled by the Seljukids and their vassals.
June 1195: The Eldiguzid atabeg Abu Bakr attempted to stem the Georgian advance, but suffered a defeat at the hands of David Soslan at the Battle of Shamkor and lost his capital to the Georgians.
Were a series of military campaigny by the Mongols that created the largest contiguous Empire in history, the Mongol Empire, which controlled most of Eurasia.
January 1242: The Golden Horde overran the Avar Khanate of Caucasus in 1241.
2.1.Invasions of Georgia
Was the Mongol invasion of Georgia, in the Caucasus.
June 1223: The Mongols marched through the Caucasus into Alania and the South Russian steppes where they routed the Rus’-Kipchak armies at the Battle of the Kalka River.
July 1223: The Mongols marched through the Caucasus into Alania and the South Russian steppes where they routed the Rus’-Kipchak armies at the Battle of the Kalka River.
Military campaigns of Timur (or Tamerlane), a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia.
3.1.Tokhtamysh-Timur war
Was a war between the Golden Horde and the Timurid Empire.
3.1.1.Timur's invasions of Georgia
Was the military invasion of Georgia by the Timurid Empire.
January 1386: After having overrun Azerbaijan and Kars, Timur marched into Georgia.
November 1386: Tamerlan occupied Tbilisi and captured the Georgian king Bagrat V.
June 1387: When Timur was informed that Tokhtamysh, Khan of the Golden Horde, was approaching Iran, he temporarily withdrew from the territories he had occupied in Georgia.
January 1401: By the 14th century the newly established Avar Khanate managed to maintain independence from the Mongols.
Were a series of wars between Persia and Russia in the period 1651-1828.
4.1.Russo-Persian War (1722-23)
Was a war between the Russian Empire and Safavid Iran, triggered by the Tsar's attempt to expand Russian influence in the Caspian and Caucasus regions.
June 1724: The Treaty of Constantinople (1724) concluded between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire, dividing large portions of the Safavid Iran between them. Iranian lands located on the east of the conjunction of the rivers Kurosh (Kur) and Aras were given to the Russians. These comprised the provinces in northern mainland Iran (Gilan, Mazandaran and Astrabad), the territories in Dagestan (amongst which Derbent), as well as Baku and the territory surrounding it in the Shirvan province.
March 1735: The Treaty of Ganja concluded between the Russian Empire and Iran established a defensive alliance against the Ottoman Empire. The Russian government agreed to return the remaining territories in the North Caucasus and South Caucasus, including Derbend and Baku, that had been conquered by Peter I in the 1720s.
4.2.Persian Expedition of 1796
Was a Russian military campaign in Persia.
July 1796: In June, Russian General Zubov's troops took most of northern Azerbaijan without resistance, including the Baku, Shirvan, and Ganja khanates.
January 1797: After Russian empress Catherine the Great died that month and Paul succeeded her on the throne, the Russian army under general Valerian Zubov was recalled from Persia.
Expansion during the rule of Nader Shah of the Afsharid Dynasty.
5.1.Nader's Dagestan campaign
Were a series of campaigns conducted by the Persian Empire under the ruling king Nader Shah between the years 1741 and 1743 in order to fully subjugate the Dagestan region in the North Caucasus Area.
January 1744: Military campaigns conducted by the Persian Empire between the years 1741 and 1743 lead to the full subjugation of the Dagestan region in the North Caucasus Area.
January 1746: Nader Shah (Afsharid Dynasty) was forced to withdraw from Dagestan (with the exception of the northernmost territories).
Was a series of Russian military expeditions into northern Caucasus that resulted in the inglobation of this region in the Russian Empire.
January 1818: Russian troops under Yermolov conquered the flat northern Chechnya and founded the Grozny fortress.
January 1831: From 1818 to 1830, the Russian army under Ermolov and his successor as viceroy and field marshal, Count Paskevich, succeeded in taking eastern Dagestan.
January 1865: This Caucasian War raged until 1864, when the Avar Khanate was abolished and the Avar District was instituted instead.
January 1197: Abu Bakr was able to return to his capital, from where he had his brother Amir Mihran poisoned.
January 1201: In the 13th century, the Caucasian Avars formed a new Muslim state, traditionally known as Avaristan.
January 1301: The 14th century newly established Avar Khanate managed maintain independence from the Mongols.
January 1401: By the 14th century the newly established Avar Khanate managed to maintain independence from the Mongols.
January 1401: The Shamkhalate of Tarki originated "no later than XIV-XV centuries".
January 1643: The Gazikumukh Khanate was founded by the Lak people in present-day Dagestan in 1642.
January 1643: The Tabasaran Principality emerged as one of many smaller states from the disintegration of the Shamkhalate of Gazikumukh in 1642. The Shamkhalate was ruled by the Shamkhal dynasty, who were influential leaders in the region of Dagestan.
January 1829: The Caucasian Imamate was founded in 1828 by Ghazi Mohammed by merging several areas that where still ummune of Russian control in the region.
Disestablishment
January 1865: This Caucasian War raged until 1864, when the Avar Khanate was abolished and the Avar District was instituted instead.
Avar Khanate
