Kingdom of Numidia
This article is about the specific polity Kingdom of Numidia and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Numidia was a polity in northwest Africa. It was created as a vassal territory of Carthage, but the peace imposed by the Romans made Numidia an independent Kingdom. From the period of the Jugurthine wars it fell under the influence of Rome, alternating between the status of client or full province of the Roman state.
Establishment
February 201 BC: At the conclusion of the Second Punic War, Carthage was compelled to accept peace terms that marked the end of its status as a Mediterranean power. Carthage was prohibited from taking up arms without Rome's permission and had to evacuate territories west of the "Punic trenches," which separated Carthaginian lands from Numidian ones. This evacuation favored Massinissa, who seized the opportunity to annex large parts of Carthaginian territory. Additionally, Carthage lost all its territories in the Iberian Peninsula.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of wars between 264 and 146 BC fought between Rome and Carthage. The wars ended with the Roman conquest of the Carthaginian Empire.
1.1.Second Punic War
Was the second of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean. It ended with a Roman victory and the territories of Carthage were reduced to its core territory in modern-day Tunisia.
1.1.1.End of the Second Punic War
Was the peace treaty between Rome and Carthage after the Second Punic War that reduced the Carthaginian territory to Tunisia.
January 200 BC: At the end of the Second Punic War, the Romans granted control of Numidia to Masinissa, the king of the Massylii tribe. This decision solidified Masinissa's power in the region and marked the beginning of the Kingdom of Numidia under his rule.
Was an armed conflict between the Roman Republic and king Jugurtha of Numidia, a kingdom on the coast of modern Algeria.
January 115 BC: The Roman senate divided the Kingdom of Numidia between Adherbal and Jugurtha.
January 112 BC: Shortly after, in 113 BC, Jugurtha again declared war on his brother, and defeated him, forcing him to retreat into Cirta, Adherbal's capital.
January 111 BC: Siege of Cirta.
January 109 BC: The Roman general Gaius Marius and his ally Gaius Lusius waged war against Jugurtha, the King of Numidia, in -110. Suthul was a strategic town where the Numidian treasury was located, but despite the siege, the town's strong defenses prevented its capture.
January 109 BC: The cunning Numidian king, who had reportedly bribed Roman officers to facilitate his attack, was able to catch the Romans at a disadvantage.
June 109 BC: In spring of 109, Metellus led his reorganised army into Numidia.
January 108 BC: The Numidians reconquered Zama with irregular warfare tactics.
January 108 BC: The Roman army besieges the Numidian city of Zama.
January 107 BC: Thala is besieged by the Roman Republic.
November 107 BC: In -107 BC, the Roman general Marius led a risky expedition to Capsa, a town in North Africa. After the town surrendered, Marius ordered the execution of all survivors as a brutal display of Roman power and dominance in the region.
January 106 BC: Jugurtha’s loyalists recaptured Cirta.
January 105 BC: Second Battle of Cirta.
January 105 BC: Ultimately, Marius reached a deal with Bocchus whereby Sulla, who was friendly with members of Bocchus's court, would enter Bocchus's camp to receive Jugurtha as a hostage. In spite of the possibility of treachery on the Mauritanian's part, Sulla agreed; Jugurtha's remaining followers were treacherously massacred, and he himself handed over in chains to Sulla by Bocchus.
January 105 BC: Bocchus annexed the western part of Jugurtha's kingdom, and was made a friend of the Roman people. .
Disestablishment
January 105 BC: Second Battle of Cirta.
January 105 BC: Bocchus annexed the western part of Jugurtha's kingdom, and was made a friend of the Roman people. .
January 105 BC: Ultimately, Marius reached a deal with Bocchus whereby Sulla, who was friendly with members of Bocchus's court, would enter Bocchus's camp to receive Jugurtha as a hostage. In spite of the possibility of treachery on the Mauritanian's part, Sulla agreed; Jugurtha's remaining followers were treacherously massacred, and he himself handed over in chains to Sulla by Bocchus.
