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The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Shirvanshah
Shirvanshah (Seljuks)
Shirvanshah (Georgia)
Shirvan Khanate (Persia)
Shirvan Khanate (Russia)
Establishment
January 802: From the late 8th century, Shirvan was under the rule of the members of the Arab family of Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani, who was named governor of the region by the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid. His descendants, the Yazidids, would rule Shirvan as independent princes until the 14th century.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were military raids undertaken by the Rus' between the late 9th century and c. 1041 on the Caspian Sea shores.
1.1.First Caspian expedition of the Rus'
The Rus' undertook the first large-scale expedition in the Caspian Sea in 913. Having arrived on 500 ships, they pillaged in the Georgan region, in the territory of present-day Iran, and more to the west, in Gilan and Mazandaran, taking slaves and goods.
January 914: The Rus' undertook the first large-scale Caspian expedition in 913. Having arrived on 500 ships, they pillaged in the Gorgan region, in the territory of present-day Iran, and more to the west, in Gilan and Mazandaran, taking slaves and goods.
February 914: The Rus' undertook the first large-scale Caspian expedition in 913. After having pillaged the Gorgan, Gilan and Mazandaran (Modern-day Iran), the Rus' forces left these regions.
Were a series of conflicts in the Middle Ages between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk Empire.
2.1.Seljuk invasion of Asia minor
Was the invasion of Asia Minor by the Seljuq Turks.
January 1067: In 1066 the Seljuk tribes came to the territory of Arran. Shirvanshah I Fariburz accepted dependence on them, preserving internal independence.
Were a series of military conflicts between the Seljuk Empire and its vassals against the Kingdom of Georgia.
3.1.Georgian Reconquista
Were a series of military campaigns by the Kingdom of Georgia to reconquer lands controlled by the Seljukids and their vassals.
August 1121: King David routed the enemy army on the fields of Didgori, with fleeing Seljuq Turks being run down by pursuing Georgian cavalry for several days. A huge amount of booty and prisoners were captured by David's army, which had also secured Tbilisi, the last Muslim enclave remaining from the Arab occupation.
August 1121: After the death of Afridun I, who was murdered in the battle for Derbent, the throne in Shirvan passed to his son, Manuchir III (1120-1160). Manuchir III was under the influence of his wife, Georgian princess Tamar and maintained pro-Georgian orientation.
January 1125: King David of Georgia conquered Shirvan.
Military campaigns of Timur (or Tamerlane), a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia.
4.1.Tokhtamysh-Timur war
Was a war between the Golden Horde and the Timurid Empire.
4.1.1.Timur's invasions of Georgia
Was the military invasion of Georgia by the Timurid Empire.
January 1386: After having overrun Azerbaijan and Kars, Timur marched into Georgia.
Were a series of wars between Persia and Russia in the period 1651-1828.
5.1.Persian Expedition of 1796
Was a Russian military campaign in Persia.
July 1796: In June, Russian General Zubov's troops took most of northern Azerbaijan without resistance, including the Baku, Shirvan, and Ganja khanates.
January 1797: After Russian empress Catherine the Great died that month and Paul succeeded her on the throne, the Russian army under general Valerian Zubov was recalled from Persia.
5.2.Russo-Persian War (1804-13)
Was a war between the Russian Empire and Qajar Persia over territorial disputes in the Caucasus.
December 1805: In November Tsitsianov marched east toward Baku, en route accepting the submission of the Shirvan Khanate.
January 894: The Kingdom of Hereti was a medieval monarchy which emerged in Caucasus on the Iberian-Albanian frontier.
January 1015: Kvirike III declared himself King of Kakheti and Hereti.
January 1124: The Seljuqid Sultan Mahmud directed to Shirvan at the beginning of 1123, captured Shamakhi and took the Shah as hostage.
January 1236: Shirvan was greatly devastated by Mongol invasion in 1235, from which it was not able to fully recover for the next century. In the 13th and 14th centuries Shirvan was a vassal of stronger Mongol and Timurid empires.
January 1463: In 1462 Sheykh Junayd, the leader of Safavids, was killed in a battle against Shirvanishans near the town of Khachmaz.
January 1539: The vassal Shirvan state managed to hang on for a few more years, until 1538, when the Safavids appointed their first Safavid governor, and made it a fully functioning Safavid province.
January 1749: The Shirvan Khanate (Persia) formed as a result of the weakening of the central power in Persia after the assassination of Afsharid ruler Nadir Shah.
January 1801: The Javad Khanate was absorbed by Shirvan before 1800.
Disestablishment
January 1820: When Ismail, the khan of Shaki, died in 1819 without any heir, the Russian Empire annexed the entity.
shirvanshah
