Byzantine-Seljuq wars
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Were a series of conflicts in the Middle Ages between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk Empire.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
January 1085: In 1084 the Seljuks waged war against Bracamio and wrested Antioch from him.
January 1141: John Komnenos besieged but failed to take the city of Neocaesarea, in 1140.
January 1072: Romanus IV put himself back at the head of the army and marched towards Manzicerta to reconquer it. On August 26, 1071, Byzantine and Seljuk forces clashed in the second Battle of Manzikert. Romanus IV was defeated and captured by Alp Arslan.
January 1073: In 1072, Byzantine emperor Michael VII sent Ballieul to Asia Minor to bring those territories back under imperial authority. Ballieul liberated large territories of Galatia.
January 1074: In 1073 following the disastrous Battle of Manzikert, Frankish mercenaries under Roussel de Bailleul seized control of Ankara and governed the region for several months.
January 1074: Within two years the Turkmens had established control as far as the Aegean Sea under numerous beghliks.
January 1076: In 1075, the Seljuks captured the Byzantine cities of Nicaea (İznik) and Nicomedia (İzmit).
January 1078: Erzurum was occupied by the Byzantine in 1077.
January 1079: While the Seljuks strengthened themselves in Anatolia thanks to Suleyman, general Filareto Bracamio, who remained isolated from Constantinople, led a long resistance that led to the formation of a principality under Byzantine nominal authority but in fact almost autonomous, which controlled Cilicia (including Tarsus, Mamistra and Anazarbe) and Edessa.
January 1088: In 1087, it was the sultan Malik Shah who attacked the domains of Bracamio, wresting Edessa from him.
January 1091: The Beylik of Smirna conquered Phocaea and the eastern Aegean islands of Lesbos (except for the fortress of Methymna), Samos, Chios and Rhodes.
January 1100: The Anamur Region was ruled by Sultanate of Rum between 1075 and 1099, when it was reconquered by the Byzantines.
June 1104: When the Principality of Antioch was defeated at the Battle of Harran in 1104, the Byzantine Empire took advantage of their weakness and captured Margat from the Muslims.
June 1119: In the spring of 1119, Byzantine emperor John Comnenus landed with a large army in Attalia and moved against Laodicea, occupied by the Turks: the siege of Laodicea ended with a clear victory for the Byzantines who thus reoccupied the lands of Attalia.
January 1120: Byzantine emperor John Comnenus besieged and recaptured Laodicea in 1119.
January 1121: The Byzantines took Sozopolis by storm in 1120.
January 1122: In 1119-1121 John II Komnenos, the Byzantine Emperor, defeated the Seljuq Turks, establishing his control over southwestern Anatolia.
January 1136: In 1135, the Byzantine Empire, under the rule of John II Komnenos, successfully reconquered their ancestral home of Kastamonu (Kastra Komnenon) from the Turks.
April 1139: Zengi captured Bizaah, Maarrat al-Nu'man and al-Atharib.
January 1140: The Byzantine Emperor marched for the final time against the Danishmend Turks, his army proceeding along the southern coast of the Black Sea through Bithynia and Paphlagonia. The region of Chaldia brought back under direct imperial control.
January 1140: Territorial change based on available maps.
April 1143: The Asian frontier reached by the Byzantine Empire by the death of John II Komnenos.
January 1152: Marash was captured by the Zengids in 1151.
January 1152: Edessa was conquered by Zengid sultan Nur ad-Din.
January 1080: Erzurum conquered by Seljuk Empire.
January 1138: In 1137 the Byzantines conquered Tarsus, Adana, and Mopsuestia from the Principality of Armenian Cilicia.
Was the invasion of Asia Minor by the Seljuq Turks.
January 1065: Seljuk sultan Alp Arslan marched into Armenia and Georgia, conquering these regions.
January 1067: In 1066 the Seljuk tribes came to the territory of Arran. Shirvanshah I Fariburz accepted dependence on them, preserving internal independence.
January 1068: The Anatolian Seljuks took Aintab in 1067.
January 1069: In 1068 the Seljuks reached as far as Neocesarea and Amorio.
January 1070: In 1067 the Seljuq Turks invaded Asia Minor attacking Caesarea and in 1069 Iconium.
January 1082: Byzantine gains at the time of the accession of Alexios I Komnenos.
January 1065: The Seljuks captured Caesarea Mazaca, the capital of Cappadocia.
1.1.Seljikid conquest of Iconio
Seljukid conquest of Iconio.
January 1070: Seljukid conquest of Iconio.
1.2.Seljukid invasion of Cappadocia
Seljukid invasion of Cappadocia.
January 1070: Seljukid invasion of Cappadocia.
Seljukid invasion of Pontus.
January 1069: Seljukid invasion of Pontus.
Byzantine conquest of Ephesos from the Seljuks.
January 1099: Byzantine conquest of Ephesos.
Byzantine conquest of Philadelphia from the Seljuks.
January 1099: Byzantine conquest of Philadelphia.
Byzantine conquest of Sardis from the Seljuks.
January 1099: Byzantine conquest of Sardis.
The allied forces of the Byzantine Empire, Principality of Antioch and County of Edessa invaded Muslim Syria and put Shaizar under siege.
April 1138: The Byzantines arrived before Biza'a which held out for five days.
April 1138: The Byzantine Emperor moved the army southward taking the fortresses of Athareb, Maarat al-Numan, and Kafartab by assault.
April 1138: The Siege of Shaizar by Byzantine forces took place from April 28 to May 21, 1138.
May 1138: The Byzantines lifted the Siege of Shaizar.
Selected Sources
Tucker, S.C. (2011) Battles that changed History - An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, ABC-CLIO, pp.108-110
