If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics
The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Nepa Kingdom
Gorkha Kingdom
Kingdom of Nepal
Kingdom of Nepal (China Vassal)
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
Establishment
January 1149 BC: Nepa (also known as Nipa, Neepa) was a mountainous kingdom mentioned in the ancient Sanskrit epic Mahabharata. Its modern equivalent is identified as Nepal, a country located in the mountainous terrain of the Himalayas.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Military campaign of Bindusara, king of the Mauryan Empire.
January 279 BC: Bindusara, who inherited the Maurya Empire when he was just 22 years old, extended his empire to the southern part of India, as far as what is now known as Karnataka. He conquered almost all of the Indian peninsula (he is said to have conquered the 'land between the two seas' - the peninsular region between the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea).
Conquests by Gupta ruler Samudragupta.
January 351: The Allahabad Pillar inscription mentions that rulers of several frontier kingdoms and tribal oligarchies paid Samudragupta tributes, obeyed his orders, and performed obeisance before him. The frontier kingdoms included Samatata, Davaka, Kamarupa, Nepala, and Karttripura. The tribal oligarchies included Malavas, Arjunayanas, Yaudheyas, Madrakas, and Abhiras, among others.
Expansion during the rule of Prithvi Narayan Shah in the Gorkha Kingdom.
January 1747: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1746.
January 1748: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1747.
January 1749: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1748.
January 1750: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1749.
January 1751: In the mid-18th century, Sikkim was invaded by Nepal (then the Gorkha Kingdom) and was under the Gorkha rule for more than 40 years.
January 1751: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1750.
January 1752: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1751.
January 1753: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1752.
January 1754: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1753.
January 1755: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1754.
January 1756: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1755.
January 1757: Expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom under Prithvi Narayan Shah by 1756.
August 1762: Makwanpur annexed to the Gorkha state.
January 1769: Fall of Patan to the Gorkhas.
January 1769: Fall of Kantipur.
November 1769: Bhaktapura (Bhatgaon) annexed to Gorkha Kingdom.
January 1770: Declaration of the Kingdom of Nepal.
July 1773: Chaudandi is annexed to Nepal.
January 1775: Morang conquered by Kingdom of Nepal.
January 1775: Limbuwan Kingdoms conquered by Kingdom of Nepal.
Expansion during the rule of Rana Bahadur Shah in the Kingdom of Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Poin was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Nayakot was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: Based on the border of Nepal in 1782.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Dhor was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Tanahun was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Garabung was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Gajarlot was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Ghiring was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Lamjung was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Rishing was annexed by Nepal.
January 1783: The chaubisi raja (small principalities ruled by the Magar people of Nepal) of Satahung was annexed by Nepal.
January 1786: Bhirkot is annexed to Nepal.
January 1786: Nuwakot is annexed to Nepal.
September 1786: Parbat is annexed to Nepal.
January 1787: Dailekh was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Musikot is annexed to Nepal.
January 1787: Isma was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Rukum was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Khungri was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Based on the border of Nepal in 1782.
January 1787: Bhingri was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Sattala was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Salianah was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Piuthan was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Malneta was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Khanchi is annexed to Nepal.
January 1787: Jajarkot is annexed to Nepal.
January 1787: Galkot was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Doti is annexed to Nepal.
January 1787: Chhidi was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Cham was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Bangphi was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Gulmi was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
January 1787: Jehari was annexed by Nepal ca. 1786.
November 1788: Jumla is annexed to Nepal.
January 1789: Lo becomes a vassal of the Gorkha kingdom.
May 1790: Lo under the Kingdom of Mustang.
January 1791: Dullu is annexed to Nepal.
September 1791: Bajura is annexed to Nepal.
January 1792: Kumaon Kingdom is incorporated into Nepal in 1791.
January 1796: Nepal tributary state of China.
January 1796: Tibet tributary state of China.
Were a series of military campaigns launched by the Qing dynasty of China in the mid-late 18th century during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.
5.1.Sino-Burmese War
Was a war between Qing China and the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma. The war consisted of a series of unsuccesful Chinese invasions of Burma.
5.1.1.Second invasion (Sino-Burmese War)
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the third of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
January 1792: Nepali Mulkaji (prime minister) Damodar Pande attacked the Tibetan moneastery of Digarcha and captured it.
February 1792: The army of Nepal leaves the monastery of Digarcha.
September 1792: In 1792, Nepalese troops under the command of King Rana Bahadur Shah launched a counterattack against the Qing forces led by General Chhewang Rinchhen, who were encamped at Jitpurfedi. This marked a significant event in the Nepal-Tibet conflict during the Qing Dynasty's military occupation of Tibet.
October 1792: The war ended in Nepal with the latter accepting to become a tributary state of Qing.
January 1793: The Qing forces marched along the banks of the Trishuli River until they reached Betrawati (city of Nukawot).
5.2.Sino-Nepalese War
Was an invasion of Tibet by Nepal from 1788 to 1792.
5.2.1.Nepalese invasion of Tibet
The Nepalese Gorkha troops invaded Tibet in 1789.
January 1789: In 1788, Gorkha troops led by King Prithvi Narayan Shah of Nepal invaded Tibet, reaching Tashilhunpo, a major monastery in Shigatse. This military occupation marked a significant expansion of Nepalese influence in the region.
January 1789: The battle at Shikarjong in 1788 was fought between the Tibetan forces led by the Dalai Lama's regent, Desi Sangye Gyatso, and the Nepalese forces. The Tibetans were badly defeated, leading to the territory of Shikarjong, Gyirong, and Nyalam Town being occupied by Nepal.
5.2.1.1.Treaty of Kerung
Was the treaty that ended the Sino-Nepalese War.
January 1790: The representatives of Tibet and Nepal met at Khiru in 1789 to have peace talks. In the talks Tibet was held responsible for the quarrel and were required to give compensation to Nepal for the losses incurred in the war. Tibet had also to pay tribute to Nepal a sum of Rs. 50,001 every year in return for giving back to Tibet all the territories acquired during the war. It was called the Treaty of Kerung. The Nepalese representatives were given Rs. 50,001 as the first installment. So giving back the territories Kerung, Kuti, Longa, Jhunga and Falak, they went back to Nepal.
Was a large scale military conflict in 1809 between the forces of the Kingdom of Nepal under Amar Singh Thapa and the Sikh Empire under general Dewan Mokham Chand.
January 1808: In 1807, Kangra Fort, located in present-day Himachal Pradesh, India, was put under siege by the Gurkha army of Nepal led by General Amar Singh Thapa. The fort was eventually captured, leading to the territory coming under Nepalese military occupation.
April 1809: By early 1809, most of the land of Kangra jagir had been incorporated into Nepal.
August 1809: Maharaja Ranjit Singh dispatched a force led by General Amar Singh Thapa to raise the siege of Kangra from the Gurkha forces in 1809.
Expansion during the rule of Ranjit Singh in the Sikh Empire.
January 1810: Sikh invasion of the Kangra region.
Were a series of wars fought by the British East India Company in the Indian Subcontinent that resulted in the British conquest and colonial rule of the region.
8.1.Anglo-Nepalese War
Was a war between the Kingdom of Nepal and the British East India Company. .
8.1.1.First Campaign (Anglo-Nepalese War)
Was a British military campaign in Nepal during the Anglo-Nepalese War.
February 1814: The British advance to Jit Gadh in 1814 was led by General Amar Singh Thapa, a prominent military leader in the Gorkha Kingdom. The territory was eventually occupied by Great Britain as part of their expansion in the region.
November 1814: Battle of Nalapani.
December 1814: British Major General Martindale occupied the town of Nahan.
April 1815: Nepalese provincial governor Bam Shah surrendered Almora to the British on 27 April 1815.
May 1815: The Nepalese forces under the command of Amar Singh Thapa lost control of Malaon and Jaithak to the British forces led by General David Ochterlony in 1815.
8.1.2.Second Campaign (Anglo-Nepalese War)
Was a British military campaign in Nepal during the Anglo-Nepalese War.
February 1816: The Nepalese troops, led by General Amar Singh Thapa, were driven back from Hariharpur Gadhi by the British forces, led by Major General David Ochterlony, during the Anglo-Nepalese War in 1816. This marked a significant victory for the British in their military occupation of the territory.
March 1816: During the Anglo-Nepalese War, British troops led by General Rollo Gillespie retreated from Sindhuli Gadhi and regrouped in Makawanpur in March 1816. The war ended with the signing of the Sugauli Treaty later that year.
8.1.3.Treaty of Sugauli
Was the treaty that ended the Anglo-Nepali War. Nepal lost one-third of its territory.
March 1816: The Treaty of Sugauli, signed following the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814-16, established the boundary line of Nepal.
March 1816: The Anglo-Nepalese War ended with the Treaty of Sugauli, which has been considered as an unequal treaty vecause it led to Nepal losing one-third of its territory. The river Mechi became the new Eastern border and the Mahakali the Western boundary of Nepal.
Was a war between the forces of the Tibetan government (then under administrative rule of the Qing dynasty) and the invading Nepalese army.
April 1855: In 1855, General Dhir Shamsher of Nepal defeated a small Tibetan detachment at Chusan, captured Kuti, and advanced to Suna Gompa during a military occupation of the territory.
May 1855: Kerong, a strategic town in Tibet, was occupied by Nepalese military leader Bam Bahadur in 1855 without facing any resistance. This move was part of Nepal's expansionist policies under the leadership of Prime Minister Jang Bahadur Rana.
November 1855: In 1855, the Tibetan army, under the Qing dynasty, attacked Nepalese camps at Kuti and Dzongka. The Nepalese suffered heavy losses, with 700 men killed in Kuti. The survivors retreated to the border in November 5.
January 1856: Jang Bahadur sent reinforcements and in December Dhir Shamsher recaptured Kuti.
March 1856: In 1856, a Treaty was signed at Thapathali between Tibet (under Qing rule) and Nepal. The Tibetans agreed to pay an annual subsidy of ten thousand rupees to the Nepal Durbar and allowed a Nepalese trading station and agency to be established at Lhasa.
January 1560: The Gorkha Kingdom was established by Prince Dravya Shah, second son of King Yasho Brahma Shah of Lamjung Kingdom, on 1559 CE replacing the Khadka chiefs.
January 1776: Ilam conquered by Kingdom of Nepal.
January 1776: The Kingdom of Palpa supported Bahadur Shah of Nepal who annexed Dhurkot and in return, Palpa kings were given various item including 101 elephants, 1,001 horses, and money.
January 1777: Yangwarok conquered by Kingdom of Nepal.
January 1785: In 1784, the British East India Company, represented by Warren Hastings, turned over the Bengal Duars territory to the Kingdom of Bhutan. The boundaries of the territory were poorly defined, leading to disputes between the two parties.
January 1804: Keonthal State, founded before the 19th century, was ruled by Rana Raghunath Sen. In 1803, it was occupied by Nepal under General Amar Singh Thapa until 1814.
January 1804: Bhajji State was occupied by Nepal from 1803 to 1815.
January 1804: Kuthar State, located in present-day Himachal Pradesh, India, was occupied by Nepali forces led by King Prithvi Narayan Shah during his campaign to expand the Kingdom of Nepal from 1803 to 1815. This marked a significant period of conflict and territorial expansion in the region.
January 1804: The erstwhile Bushahr state was occupied by a Gorkha king from central Nepal from 1803 to 1815.
January 1804: Nepalese invasion of Garhwal.
January 1805: Palpa is annexed to Nepal.
January 1806: Kutlehar State was occupied by the Kingdom of Nepal between 1805 and 1809. The Gorkha occupants, led by King Prithvi Narayan Shah, were eventually driven out by the British East India Company.
January 1807: Nepalese invasion of Bilaspur.
January 1807: Nepalese invasion of Sirmur.
January 1807: Nepalese invasion of Kangra.
January 1815: The state of Keonthal was occupied by Nepal until 1814.
February 1815: At the end of the Anglo-Nepalese War, the parties signed the Treaty of Sugauli, following which the Gurkhas were expelled from Kamru, the capital of Bushahr.
April 1815: The Treaty of Sugauli was signed between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Nepal. The British annexed Pauri Garhwal and made Tehri Garhwal a princely state under their control in 1815.
March 1816: The Gorkhas were defeated by the East India Company in Anglo-Nepalese War and were forced to cede Kumaon to the British as part of the Treaty of Sugauli in 1816.
August 1856: Lambjang and Kaski granted to Jang Bahadur Kunwar Rana the Rana Prime minister of Nepal as a hereditary possession.
January 1860: Annexation of Tulsipur by British India.
January 1861: In 1860 some parts of western Terai, known as Naya Muluk ("new country") were restored to Nepal.
May 2008: Abolition of the Nepalese monarchy in 2008.
Selected Sources
Rennell, J. (1782): Map of Hindustan, London (UK)
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