If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics
The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
German Factories in Cameroon (Hamburg)
German Factories in Cameroon (Germany)
German Cameroon
French Cameroon
French Cameroon (Vichy France)
Republic of Cameroon
Federal Republic of Cameroon
United Republic of Cameroon
Establishment
January 1869: Woermann established the first German trading post in Douala.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of wars that resulted in the creation of the German Empire under Prussian leadership in 1871.
1.1.Franco-Prussian War
Was a war that saw the Second French Empire fight against an alliance of German states led by the Kingdom of Prussia. The war was caused by the struggle over dominance in continental Europe between Prussia and France. The German states were victorious and in 1871 merged to form the German Empire. France was occupied and forced to cede Alsace-Lorraine to Germany.
1.1.1.Unification of Germany (1871)
Was the unification of 25 German states into the German Empire under the leadership of the Kingdom of Prussia, officially proclaimed on 18 January 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles in France.
January 1871: Unification of German States.
Was a British military expedition that led to the fall of the Sokoto Caliphate and its partition between Great Britain and Germany.
February 1902: In January 1902, German colonial officer Hans Dominik defeated the remaining troops of Sokoto Emir Djubayru in the battle of Miskin-Maroua, which brought most of the Adamaua region under German rule.
March 1903: At the grand market square of Sokoto, the last Vizier of the Sokoto Caliphate officially surrendered to British forces. The Caliphate was partitioned between great Britain, France and Germany in accordance with the borders decided at the Berlin Conference.
Were a series of wars fought in Cameroon in the early 20th century between the troops of the Fon of Bafut and German-backed troops of neighbouring fondoms.
January 1908: Von Pavel, the commander of the Schutztruppe für Kamerun, captured the village complex of Bafut in a seven-day campaign.
Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.
4.1.World War I African Theatre
Was the African Theatre of World War I.
4.1.1.Kamerun Campaign
Took place in the German colony of Kamerun in the African theatre of the First World War when the British, French and Belgians invaded the German colony.
August 1914: On August 25, 1914, after a brief skirmish, a British-Nigerian unit occupied the border town of Tepe in northern Cameroon.
October 1914: Battle of Jabassi.
November 1914: The French captured Edéa, Nola and Sanaga in October.
December 1914: The northern runway in Nkongsamba was conquered by British units.
December 1914: Shortly before Christmas 1914, the French succeeded in taking the Molundu station (Cameroon).
April 1915: The French took over Lomié in 1915 when they defeated the German forces in southern Cameroon.
June 1915: On June 10, 1915, Garoua, a city in present-day Cameroon, was occupied by the British and French military forces.
March 1916: After the conquest of German Cameroon by French and British forces, part of the occupied territories was integrated into French Equatorial Africa.
March 1916: Provisional division of militarly occupied German Kamerun between France and the United Kingdom.
4.1.1.1.Naval Operations
Naval operations during the Kamerun campaign of World War I.
September 1914: French infantry landed at Ukoko and took the town shortly after fighting the German garrison there. Germany had effectively no control over the portion of Kamerun to the south of the Spanish colony of Rio Muni.
September 1914: Around 1,000 British and French soldiers landed at Douala (Cameroon), occupying the port without resistance.
October 1914: Allied forces landed at Bonaberi. After some fighting the town was surrendered and the German force retreated into the interior of the colony.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
5.1.World War II (All other Vichy France Colonies)
Refers to the events that happened in French Colonies that decided to be loyal to the German puppet state of Vichy France.
July 1940: With the creation of Vichy France, initially all French colonies were aligned with Vichy.
August 1940: Cameroon aligns to Free France.
July 1884: After the signing of treaties of protection between the German delegation and the principal leaders of the Duálá, Ndumb'a Lobe (King Bell) and Ngand'a Kwa (Akwa), on July 11 and 12, 1884, the germans acquired the Duala ethnic regions.
July 1884: The Kingdom of Bamum is annexed to German Cameroon.
July 1884: On July 14th in Duala the German flag was hoisted and the "protectorate" declared.
December 1885: The German Empire received Batanga in Cameroon.
November 1889: The German explorer Curt von Morgen first reached the station of Yaondé on November 30, 1889.
January 1891: German Researcher Eugen Zintgraff founded the Baliburg station in the grasslands of western Cameroon.
September 1891: In the summer of 1891, the German government commissioned Captain Karl von Gravenreuth with the subjugation of the Kpe (Bakwiri) of Buëa.
January 1899: Yoko was occupied by the German Schutztruppe during the Wute Adamaua campaign in 1898/99 and expanded as a fortress in the years that followed.
January 1899: Hauptmann von Kamptz was a German military officer who led the subjugation of the north-east of German Cameroon. Ndumba was a Vute residence that was conquered on January 14, 1899 as part of the German colonial expansion in Africa.
March 1899: On March 11, Tibati was stormed by German forces.
January 1901: Inglobated into German Kamerun. By the end of the XIX century the whole of Cameroon was conquered by Germany (however, the egular indigenous revolts continued).
January 1901: By the end of the XIX century the whole of Cameroon was conquered by Germany (however, the egular indigenous revolts continued).
January 1901: Inglobated into German Kamerun. Until the end of the XIX the whole of Cameroon was conquered by Germany (however, the egular indigenous revolts continued).
October 1901: Adamawa is partitioned between German Kamerun and British Northern Nigeria Protectorate.
January 1903: Expansion of German Kamerun after border treaties with France (1902).
January 1903: In 1902, the Mandara Sultanate was conquered by Germany.
January 1905: The border between the British protectorate of northern Nigeria and German Kamerun was marked in 1903/1904 from Yola to Lake Chad.
January 1908: After German forces had captured the capital Bafut, the Fon (chieftain) of Bafut was forced into exile. The Kingdom of Bafut became part of the German protectorate of Cameroon.
November 1911: With the Morocco-Congo Treaty of 1911, Germany recognized French domination over Morocco in exchange for new territories in Central Africa (the so-called Neukamerun territories). A smaller area in north-eastern Cameroon, known as Duckbill (German: "Entenschnabel", French: "Bec de canard), was incorporated into French Equatorial Africa instead.
April 1913: Through a German-British border agreement, the Bakassi Peninsula came to Cameroon in 1913.
January 1960: French Cameroon became independent as the Republic of Cameroon in January 1960.
October 1961: The southern part of British Cameroons joined it to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon.
October 1961: Southern Cameroons became West Cameroon, a constituent state of the Federal Republic of Cameroon.
May 1972: The Federal Republic of Cameroon was renamed the United Republic of Cameroon in 1972.
January 1985: The United Republic of Cameroon is renamed Republic of Cameroon in 1984.
August 2008: Despites Southern Cameroons having voted in 1961 to leave Nigeria and became a part of Cameroon, the Bakassi Peninsula had remained under the administration of the Nigerian city of Calabar. The peninsula was completely ceded to Cameroon on 14 August 2008.
Selected Sources
Alf, S.A.R. . 2024, August 13th. Cameroon Anglophone crisis: Major incidents over a deadly year (1). https://www.africanews.com. https://www.africanews.com/2018/10/01/cameroon-anglophone-crisis-major-incidents-over-a-deadly-year-1/;Kindzeka, M.E.. 2017, December 7th. Cameroon's Military Moves In on Separatist-held Villages. https://www.voanews.com/. https://www.voanews.com/a/cameroon-military-moves-in-on-separatist-held-villages-/4153553.html;Ndoumbe, N.. 2017, December 14th. Crise anglophone : Les populations « exaspérées » par les violences. https://actucameroun.com/. https://actucameroun.com/2017/12/14/crise-anglophone-populations-exasperees-violences/
Belo,6.1324,10.2557
Buea,4.1567995,9.2315519
Kindzeka, M.E.. 2017, December 7th. Cameroon's Military Moves In on Separatist-held Villages. https://www.voanews.com/. https://www.voanews.com/a/cameroon-military-moves-in-on-separatist-held-villages-/4153553.html
Konrad, S. (2008): Deutsche Kolonialgeschichte, Munich (Germany), p. 30
Ndoumbe, N.. 2017, December 14th. Crise anglophone : Les populations « exaspérées » par les violences. https://actucameroun.com/. https://actucameroun.com/2017/12/14/crise-anglophone-populations-exasperees-violences/
Unknown Author. 2019, May 2nd. Cameroon’s Anglophone Crisis: How to Get to Talks?. https://www.crisisgroup.org/. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/cameroon/272-crise-anglophone-au-cameroun-comment-arriver-aux-pourparlers; Kaze, R. 2018, October 1st. Anglophone crisis: Secessionist still march, put flag even with no waka order. BBC. https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-45708666
Unknown author. 2017, December 15th. After Days of Sporadic Gun Shots In Mamfe: Relative Calm Returns, Massive Exodus. . https://cameroonnewsagency.com/. https://cameroonnewsagency.com/days-sporadic-gun-shots-mamfe-relative-calm-returns-massive-exodus/
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