Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

This article is about the specific polity Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

Is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south, Iran to the west, Turkmenistan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, Tajikistan to the northeast, and China to the northeast and east.

Establishment

September 1996: The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan was a totalitarian Islamic state established in September 1996 when the Taliban began their rule of Afghanistan after the fall of Kabul.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Afghan Civil War

Was a civil war in Afghanistan between the end of the 1970's and 2022 that included a series of related conflicts. The first phase of the civil war were two coups d'état that resulted in the establishment of the Socialist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. In order to support the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, the USSR invaded the country. Two years after the Soviet withdrawal, in 1992, the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan was ended by the Mujahideen, an Islamic rebel group. This was followed by a conflict mainly between the Mujahideen and the Taliban forces (another Islamic militia). Until 1996 Taliban took control of Kabul and most of Afghanistan, and established of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. The civil war continued between the Islamic State of Afghanistan and the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, two governments recognized by different international actors. This phase was ended by the US-led invasion of Afghanistan in 2001. The invasion's goals were to capture or kill Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda militants, as well as replace the Taliban with a U.S.-friendly government. With support of the US the Talibans were initially defeated and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was established. However, the Talibans started a counteroffensive and in 2021 recaptured whole Afghanistan and established again the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

1.1.Civil war in Afghanistan (1992-1996)

Was a phase of the wider Afghan Civil War. It was a conflict mainly between the Mujahideen (an Islamic militia that had ended the socialist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan) and the Taliban forces (another Islamic militia). Until 1996 Taliban took control of Kabul and most of Afghanistan, and established of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

1.2.Civil war in Afghanistan (1996-2001)

Was a phase of the wider Afghan Civil War. A continuation of the Civil war in Afghanistan of 1992-1996, it was a struggle between the Islamic State of Afghanistan and the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, two governments recognized by different international actors. This phase was ended by the US-led invasion of Afghanistan in 2001.

May 1997: Malik attacked Dostum's forces in Jawzjan and occupied Dostum's stronghold of Sheberghan.

May 1997: On May 25, the Taliban entered Mazar-e Sharif.

May 1997: On May 30, heavy fighting broke out around Syedabad. Taliban fighters were ambushed. Thousands of Taliban soldiers were taken as prisoners in Maimana, Sheberghan and Mazar-e Sharif.

August 1997: The Taliban entered Mazar-e Sharif.

September 1997: Hairatan was captured by the Taliban in 1997, directly across from Termez in Uzbekistan.

September 2001: Expansion of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan by September 2001.

1.3.War in Afghanistan (2001-2021)

An US-led invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 and a phase of the wider Afghan Civil War. The invasion's goals were to capture or kill Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda militants, as well as replace the Taliban with a U.S.-friendly government. With support of the US the Talibans were initially defeated and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was established. However, the Talibans started a counteroffensive and in 2021 recaptured whole Afghanistan and established again the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

1.3.1.US/Northern Alliance Offensive

Was a military offensive by the Northern Alliance with US support during the War in Afghanistan (2001-2021).

November 2001: Mazari Sharif was taken by Northern Alliance fighters.

November 2001: The inhabitants of the town of Tarinkot revolted and expelled their Taliban administrators.

November 2001: Northern Alliance fighters took over Kabul.

November 2001: After the fall of Mazar-i-Sharif, Kabul and Herat were conquered by the Northern Alliance.

November 2001: The Northern Alliance gained control of Kunduz.

December 2001: Fall of Kandahar.

December 2001: The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is overthrown by the US and Northern Alliance during the Battle of Tora Bora.

1.3.2.2021 Taliban offensive

A military offensive by the Taliban insurgent group and allied militants led to the fall of the Kabul-based Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and the end of the nearly 20-year War in Afghanistan that had begun following the United States invasion of the country.

August 2021: Kabul, the capital city of Afghanistan, fell to the Taliban on August 15, 2021, leading to the restoration of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.