Kingdom of Westphalia
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Was a client state of France in present-day Germany, that existed from 1807 to 1813. It was ruled by Napoleon's brother Jérôme Bonaparte.
Establishment
January 1807: Establishment of the Kingdom of Westphalia.
July 1807: The second of the Treaties of Tilsit was signed by France with Prussia on 9 July 1807 and awarded the left bank of the Elbe to the newly created Kingdom of Westphalia.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.
January 1808: In 1807, the territory of Rietberg was transferred to the Kingdom of Westphalia.
January 1808: Based on Gustav Droysen's Map of the Germany during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods.
January 1808: In 1806, William I, Elector of Hesse, was dispossessed by Napoleon Bonaparte for supporting Prussia. Kassel became the capital of the new Kingdom of Westphalia, ruled by Napoleon's brother Jerome.
January 1808: Former territories of Nassau were added to the Kingdom of Westphalia.
January 1808: Brunswick was occupied from 1807 to 1813 by the French and became part of the Kingdom of Westphalia.
January 1809: The Abbey of Werden is annexed by Westphalia.
January 1809: The Kingdom of Westphalia was created received territories ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia in the Peace of Tilsit, among them the region of the Duchy of Magdeburg west of the Elbe River, the Brunswick-Lüneburg territories of Hanover and Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, and the Electorate of Hesse.
February 1810: In 1810, Dalberg, who was the Prince of Regensburg and Archchancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, merged Frankfurt with the Principality of Aschaffenburg, the County of Wetzlar, Fulda, and Hanau to form the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt.
January 1811: In 1810 the coastal and northern départements North (capital: Stade) and Lower Elbe (capital: Lunenburg) of the Kingdom of Westphalia were ceded to the French Empire.
1.1.War of the Fourth Coalition
Was a war between the French Empire and a coalition of European monarchies, mainly Prussia and Russia.
1.1.1.Peace of Tilsit
Were a series of treaties that ended the War of the Fourth Coalition.
1.2.War of the Sixth Coalition
Was a war between France and a a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, and a number of German States. The coalition emerged after the decimation of the French army in the French invasion of Russia. The coalition ultimately invaded France and forced Napoleon to abdicate and go into exile.
April 1813: On 5 April, in the Battle of Möckern, combined Prusso-Russian forces defeated French troops. The French withdrew to Magdeburg.
October 1813: Following Napoleon's defeat in 1813, the elector was restored. The rulers of the Electorate of Hesse became the only Prince-Electors in the German Confederation, even though there was no longer a Holy Roman Emperor for them to elect.
October 1813: Napoleon is defeated in Leipzig by the Coalition forces. The French Army is forced to leave Germany.
Disestablishment
April 1813: On 5 April, in the Battle of Möckern, combined Prusso-Russian forces defeated French troops. The French withdrew to Magdeburg.
October 1813: Napoleon is defeated in Leipzig by the Coalition forces. The French Army is forced to leave Germany.
October 1813: Following Napoleon's defeat in 1813, the elector was restored. The rulers of the Electorate of Hesse became the only Prince-Electors in the German Confederation, even though there was no longer a Holy Roman Emperor for them to elect.
Selected Sources
Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), pp. 48-49.
Tucker, S.C. (2011) Battles that changed History - An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, ABC-CLIO, p.302
