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The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Hsenwi
Hsenwi (Burma)
Hsenwi (Princely State)
Establishment
January 801: The state of Hsenwi was established by Shan people in the 7th century. It was also known as Siviraṭṭha.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of military campaigns launched by the Qing dynasty of China in the mid-late 18th century during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.
1.1.Sino-Burmese War
Was a war between Qing China and the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma. The war consisted of a series of unsuccesful Chinese invasions of Burma.
1.1.1.Second invasion (Sino-Burmese War)
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the third of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
January 1768: Burmese commander Ne Myo Sithu retook the city of Bhamo.
1.1.2.Third Chinese invasion of Burma
Was the invasion of Burma by the Qing Dynasty, the second of four that form the Sino-Burmese War (1765-1769).
1.1.2.1.Chinese Attack
Was the Chinese invasion of Burma in 1767.
November 1767: Qing general Mingrui's main army occupied the Shan states of Hsenwi and Hsipaw.
January 1768: Battle of Goteik Gorge: The Chinese victory cleared the way for the main Chinese army to Ava, the Burmese capital.
1.1.2.2.Burmese counter-attack
Was the Burmese counterattack against the Chinese invasion of 1767.
April 1768: In early 1768 two Burmese armies led by Maha Thiha Thura and Ne Myo Sithu succeeded in retaking Hsenwi.
Were a series of wars fought by the British East India Company in the Indian Subcontinent that resulted in the British conquest and colonial rule of the region.
2.1.Anglo-Burmese Wars
Were a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. After the third and last war, Burma was annexed to British India.
2.1.1.Third Anglo-Burmese War
Was the last of a series of wars between the British Empire and the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. Burma was annexed to British India.
January 1886: The Shan States and Karenni States became princely states of the British Empire after the defeat of Burma in the Anglo-Burmese Wars.
January 1244: The state of Kengtung was founded in 1243 by a prince named Mang Kun.
January 1257: Mong Mao, a Tai kingdom, emerged in 1256 in Ruili, Yunnan, after the fall of the Kingdom of Dali to the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in 1254. The kingdom was ruled by King Mangrai, a descendant of the legendary Tai ruler Khun Borom.
January 1558: Bayinnaung of Burma conquered all of Shan States in a series of military campaigns from 1556 to 1557.
January 1740: The Chiefdom of Kokang was officially founded in 1739 by Yang Shien-tsai, marking the beginning of his reign. This territory is located in the green area on the map.
January 1815: Manglon becomes tributary to Hsenwi State.
January 1836: Mongkung state was founded in ancient times as Langkavadi. In 1835, after the British annexed Upper Burma and established their rule in the region, Mongkung had been formerly a feudatory state of Hsenwi.
January 1852: Mongnawng became independent from Hsenwi in 1851.
January 1858: Mongshu became independent from Hsenwi in 1857.
January 1858: Kenglon became independent from the state of Hsenwi in 1857.
January 1861: Kehsi Mansam became independent from Hsenwi State in 1860.
Disestablishment
January 1889: The British colonial administration divided Hsenwi into two states.
Selected Sources
Thet, K. (1962): History of Union of Burma, Yangon (Myanmar), pp. 310-314
Yawnghwe, C.T. (2010): The Shan of Burma: Memoirs of a Shan Exile, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 68-76
hsenwi
