Most recent flag or coat of arms
Most recent flag or coat of arms
Maximum Extent
Maximum Extent (Interactive Map)

Data

Name: saint pierre and miquelon

Type: Cluster

Start: 1520 AD

End: 2022 AD

Statistics

All Statistics: All Statistics

Icon saint pierre and miquelon

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics

The cluster includes all the forms of the country.

The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:

  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Portugal)
  • Saint Peter (Great Britain)
  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)
  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon (overs. Terr.)
  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon (overs. Dep.)
  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon (overs. Coll.)

    • Establishment

  • October 1520: The Portuguese explorer João Álvares Fagundes is thought to be have been the first European to have landed on the Saint Pierre and Miquelon. He visited them on 21 October 1520 and named the St. Pierre island group the 'Eleven Thousand Virgins', as the day marked the feast day of St. Ursula and her virgin companions.

    • Chronology

    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. Seven Years´ War

    Was a global conflict that involved most of the European great powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. At the end of the war the main winner was Great Britain, that obtained territories in North America, the Caribbean and India, becoming the most powerful maritime and colonial of the European powers.

    1.1.Treaty of Paris (1763)

    Was a treaty signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, after Great Britain and Prussia's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War.

  • February 1763: Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1763), which put an end to the Seven Years' War, France ceded all its North American possessions, but Britain returned Saint-Pierre and Miquelon to France.

    • 2. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

    Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

    2.1.French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars - Theatre of war in the overseas colonies

    The theatre of war in the overseas colonies during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.

  • May 1793: In 1793 the British landed in Saint-Pierre and, the following year, again expelled the French.
  • January 1797: In 1796, the British colony of Saint Peter (located in present-day Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada) was sacked by French troops during the French Revolutionary Wars. This event was part of the military occupation of the territory by France.
  • February 1797: In 1796, French troops led by General Victor Hugues sacked the British colony of Saint Peter in present-day Guyana. This event marked a significant moment in the conflict between France and Great Britain during the late 18th century.
  • March 1803: 20 Mar 1803 - 22 Jun 1816:  British occupation of Saint Pierre and Miquelon.
  • June 1816: The Treaty of Paris (1814) gave the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon back to France.

    • 2.2.War of the Second Coalition

    Was the second war that saw revolutionary France against most of the European monarchies, led by Britain, Austria, and Russia, and including the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Naples, and various German monarchies. Prussia did not join this coalition, and Spain supported France.

    2.2.1.Treaty of Amiens

    Was a treaty between France and Great Britain that ended the War of the Second Coalition.

    2.2.1.1.Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Treaty of Amiens)

    The Treaty of Amiens of 1802 returned Saint Pierre and Miquelon to France.

  • August 1802: The Treaty of Amiens of 1802 returned the Saint Peter islands to France.

    • 3. World War II

    Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.

    3.1.World War II (All other Vichy France Colonies)

    Refers to the events that happened in French Colonies that decided to be loyal to the German puppet state of Vichy France.

  • July 1940: With the creation of Vichy France, initially all French colonies were aligned with Vichy.

    • 3.2.Free France

    Refers to events that happened in French colonies that either remained loyal or soon became loyal to Free France very soon during World War II.

  • December 1941: The Islands of Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon are sized by Free French forces.

    • 4. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)

  • January 1537: Saint Pierre and Miquelon were made a French possession in 1536 by Jacques Cartier on behalf of the King of France. Though already frequented by Mi'kmaq people and Basque and Breton fishermen, the islands were not permanently settled until the end of the 17th century.

  • April 1713: The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 ended the War of the Spanish Succession. As part of the treaty, France ceded Saint Pierre and Miquelon to Great Britain. This transfer of territory marked a significant change in the control of the islands.

  • September 1778: With France supporting the Americans during the American Revolutionary War, Britain invaded and razed the colony of Saint Pierre and Miquelon in 1778.

  • July 1783: End of the British occupation of Saint Pierre and Miquelon.

  • October 1946: The colony of Saint Pierre and Miquelon became a French Overseas Territory in 1946.

  • July 1976: Saint Pierre and Miquelon is organized as a French overseas département.

  • June 1985: In 1985, Saint Pierre and Miquelon transitioned from an overseas department to a French territorial collectivity. This change was significant as it granted the islands more autonomy and control over their local affairs.

    • Selected Sources

  • Treaty of Paris (1763), https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)
  • Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.8

    • All Phersu Atlas Regions

    Africa

    Central AfricaCentral Africa

    Eastern AfricaEastern Africa

    North AfricaNorth Africa

    Southern AfricaSouthern Africa

    Western AfricaWestern Africa

    Americas

    CaribbeanCaribbean

    Central AmericaCentral America

    Northern AmericaNorthern America

    South AmericaSouth America

    Asia

    Central AsiaCentral Asia

    Eastern AsiaEastern Asia

    Indian SubcontinentIndian Subcontinent

    South-Eastern AsiaSouth-Eastern Asia

    Western AsiaWestern Asia

    Europe

    BalkansBalkans

    BalticBaltic

    British IslesBritish Isles

    CaucasusCaucasus

    Central EuropeCentral Europe

    Eastern EuropeEastern Europe

    France and BeneluxFrance and Benelux

    GreeceGreece

    Iberian PeninsulaIberian Peninsula

    Italian PeninsulaItalian Peninsula

    ScandinaviaScandinavia

    Oceania

    AustralasiaAustralasia

    Pacific IslandsPacific Islands