If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics
The cluster includes all the forms of the country.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
New Grenada Semi-Independent Juntas
United Provinces of New Granada
Republic of Gran Colombia
Republic of New Grenada
Granadine Confederation
United States of Colombia
Republic of Colombia
Establishment
June 1811: With Villavicencio's support, the open council forced Cartagena's governor to acquiesce to a co-government with two people chosen by the council, and then ousted the governor on June 14, establishing a government junta instead.
July 1811: Cali conquered by New Grenada Semi-Independent Juntas.
July 1811: Pamplona conquered by New Grenada Semi-Independent Juntas.
July 1811: Socorro conquered by New Grenada Semi-Independent Juntas.
July 1811: The viceregal capital, Santa Fe de Bogotá, established its own junta.
August 1811: Independent juntas were established in Honda in July.
October 1811: Antioquia, Popayán, Neiva, Quibdó and Nóvita conquered by New Grenada Semi-Independent Juntas.
November 1811: Tunja conquered by New Grenada Semi-Independent Juntas.
November 1811: Cartagena became the first province in New Granada to formally declare its independence from Spain on November 11, 1811.
November 1811: The "Congress of the United Provinces," meanwhile, started meeting again. Despite Cundinamarca's opposition, the Congress finally achieved an agreement and delivered the Act of Federation of the United Provinces of New Granada on November 27, 1811, which was written by Camilo Torres and signed by the deputies of five provinces.
December 1811: On November 26, 1812, Nariño left with his army to conquer Tunja. On December 2, 1812, his army faced a federalist army commanded by Antonio Ricaurte and Atanasio Girardot in the Battle of Ventaquemada, and was soundly defeated.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Were a series of independence wars by the Spanish colonies in America that started after the French occupation of mainland Spain during the Napoleonic Wars.
1.1.Bolivian War of Independence
Was the War for indipendence from Spain by Bolivia.
August 1825: In 1825, the territory of Upper Peru declared its independence from Spain and became the Republic of Bolivia under the leadership of Simón Bolívar and Antonio José de Sucre.
1.2.Venezuelan War of Independence
Was the independence war of the Captaincy General of Venezuela against Spanish rule.
1.2.1.Proclamation of Gran Colombia
In 1819 Bolívar proclaimed the Republic Gran Colombia, which he planned to include Venezuela and New Granada.
December 1819: In 1819, Simón Bolívar proclaimed the Republic of Gran Colombia, which aimed to unite Venezuela and New Granada (present-day Colombia). Bolívar was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played a key role in Latin America's struggle for independence from Spanish rule.
1.2.1.1.Bolívar's campaign to liberate New Granada
Was a military campaign led by Simon Bolívar, part of the Colombian and Venezuelan wars of independence.
June 1821: Battle of Carabobo.
January 1822: Cumaná conquered by Republic of Gran Colombia.
November 1823: Puerto Cabello managed to resist a siege before finally capitulating to Colombian forces. The city was the last Spanish stronghold in the region.
1.3.Colombian War of Independence
A series of related conflicts that resulted in the independence of the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada.
1.3.1.Secession of New Grenada
Was the secession of the Viceroyalty of New Granada from Spain.
1.3.1.1.Colombian Secessionist States
Was the creation of several revolutionary polities that wanted to be independent from Spain in the Viceroyalty of New Granada.
January 1813: In 1813, Simón Bolívar captured Ocaña, a strategic city in present-day Colombia, during the Venezuelan War of Independence. This victory helped secure the route to Venezuela and furthered Bolívar's campaign against Spanish colonial rule.
February 1813: In 1813, Simón Bolívar led the United Provinces of New Granada to victory in the Battle of Cúcuta against royalist forces. This marked a significant turning point in the independence movement in South America.
February 1814: Nariño assembled his 'Army of the South,' numbering 1500 to 2000 men, and managed to capture Popayán in January 1814.
January 1815: Nariño assembled his 'Army of the South,' numbering 1500 to 2000 men, and managed to capture Popayán in January 1814, but was then defeated by the Royalist forces in Pasto, after which he was arrested in May 1814, and then sent to the Royal prison at Cádiz. The failure of the campaign and the capture of Nariño left an enfeebled Cundinamarca, so the United Provinces took the opportunity to send an army against it, headed by Simón Bolívar, who had fled Venezuela for the second time after the fall of the Second Republic of Venezuela. Bolívar and his army forced the submission of Cundinamarca to the United Provinces by December 1814.
1.3.1.1.1.First Colombian civil war
Was a civil war between federalists and centralists in the Viceroyalty of New Granada that had declared independence from Spain.
1.3.1.2.Colombian Juntas
Was the creation of several revolutionary juntas that wanted to be independent from Spain in the Viceroyalty of New Granada.
1.3.1.3.Spanish reconquest of New Granada
Was the Spanish reconquest of modern-day Colombia, that had revolted against Spain.
December 1815: In 1815, Spanish forces led by General Pablo Morillo besieged Cartagena, a key city in Spanish America. The siege lasted five months before the fortified city fell in December.
May 1816: In 1816, Spanish forces led by Pablo Morillo and colonial forces led by Antonio Nariño completed the reconquest of New Granada, taking Bogotá on May 6, 1816. This marked a significant victory for the Spanish America territory.
June 1816: Battle of La Cumbo de El Tambo: In this battle the republican troops were totally defeated at the hands of the royalist army. With this triumph of the royalist forces, the Republic of Grenada ended and the Spanish reconquest of the territory of New Granada was terminated.
July 1816: Battle of La Plata: was the last military confrontation between royalists and patriots waged within the framework of the so-called Patria Boba.
1.4.Ecuadorian War of Independence
Was fought from 1820 to 1822 between Spain and several South American armies over control of the Royal Audience of Quito, a Spanish colonial jurisdiction which later became the modern Republic of Ecuador.
June 1822: He entered Quito on June 16, 1822. Amid the general enthusiasm of the population, the former Province of Quito was officially incorporated into the Republic of Colombia.
Was a conflict between the Republic of Peru and Gran Colombia caused by the unclear border betwee the two countries.
January 1829: The city of Guayaquil surrendered to Peruvian forces on 19 January 1829.
February 1829: The Peruvian Navy was led by Admiral Martin George Guise, while the Peruvian Army was commanded by General Agustin Gamarra. The Battle of Saraguro was a decisive victory for the Peruvian forces, leading to the military occupation of Loja by the Republic of Peru in 1829.
February 1829: In 1829, during the Gran Colombia-Peru War, forces led by José de La Mar and General Agustín Gamarra occupied Cuenca, a city in present-day Ecuador. This military occupation was part of the Republic of Peru's campaign against Gran Colombia.
February 1829: The Peruvians pushed north into Guayas, the district surrounding the city of Guayaquil.
February 1829: The peruvian invasion was halted with the Battle of Tarqui.
July 1829: Guayaquil was under Peruvian occupation led by General José de La Mar until it was liberated by Simón Bolívar on July 21, 1829, during the Gran Colombia era.
September 1829: The Larrea-Gual Treaty ended the Gran Colombia-Peru War. The treaty restored the status quo ante bellum.
Were a series of armed conflicts between Colombia and Ecuador in the years 1862-1863.
3.1.Ecuadorian acquisition of Colombian territory
Ecuadorian Colonels Garcia and Zamora signed the "Act of Iscuandé" through which they incorporated the canton of Buenaventura into Ecuador.
August 1830: The 23 of August of 1830 Colonels Garcia and Zamora signed the "Act of Iscuandé" through which incorporated the canton of Buenaventura to Ecuador.
January 1831: President Juan José Flores, after sending garrisons to Pasto, visited these cities and issued a decree declaring the former Department of Cauca incorporated into Ecuador.
3.2.Colombian operations against Ecuador in Buenaventura
Was the Colombian military response to the Ecuadorian occupation Buenaventura.
February 1832: General Lopez went to the command of the militia of Popayan, since with the exception of the provinces of Buenaventura and Pasto, who were Occupied by Ecuadorian troops, the Valle del Cauca cantons of Cali, Buga, Toro, Cartago and Nóvita decided to rejoin New Granada.
3.3.Pasto Treaty
Was a boundary treaty signed on December 8, 1832 between Colombia and Ecuador.
December 1832: A treaty of peace was signed in the city of Pasto, between New Granada and Ecuador by GeneralJoaquín Posada Gutiérrez on behalf of New Granada, and Dr. Pedro José de Arteta on behalf of Ecuador, setting the Carchi river as the border limit between both States, pending the decision on the sovereignty of the ports of La Tola and Tumaco , in the Province of Buenaventura.
Was a civil war in the United States of Colombia caused by a revolt of the Conservatives against the reforms of the government.
July 1876: Uprising of the conservatives opposed to the reforms of the liberal-radical president Aquileo Parra, beginning in Cauca and quickly followed by those of Antioquia and Tolima. Soon after, Santander, Cundinamarca and Boyacá were also affected.
April 1878: The last great battle of the Colombian Civil War was fought in the Cocuy between liberal forces led by General Rafael Reyes and conservative forces led by General Trujillo. The liberal forces emerged victorious, leading to the territory being annexed to the United States of Colombia in 1878.
Was a short armed conflict between Colombia and Peru over territory in the Amazon rainforest.
September 1932: President Luis Miguel Sánchez dispatched two regiments of the Peruvian Army to Leticia and Tarapacá, both settlements located in the Amazonas Department in present-day southern Colombia. These actions were mostly ignored by the Colombian Government at the time.
February 1933: Colombia takes control of Lower Putumayo.
February 1933: The 15 of February of 1933 Colombian troops again attack the Peruvian garrison of Tarapaca, through aerial bombardment and amphibious assault later. Due to the impossibility of continuing to fight, the Peruvian troops fled the place.
March 1933: Battle of Buenos Aires.
March 1933: A military confrontation took place in 1933 in Güepí, Loreto, Peru. It involved Colombian military forces and Peruvian forces. The conflict arose due to a territorial dispute between Colombia and Peru over the region.
June 1933: Peruvian troops withdraw from Leticia.
May 1934: The Rio de Janeiro Protocol or Protocol of Friendship and Cooperation between the Republic of Colombia and the Republic of Peru was an agreement signed with the aim of ending the war between the two countries and definitively ending their border conflict.
December 1819: The Republic of Gran Colombia was proclaimed on December 17, 1819.
November 1821: The Isthmus of Panama declared its independence from Spain and decided to voluntarily join Gran Colombia.
January 1822: The area of Panama joined the Republic of Gran Colombia in November 1821.
July 1823: The Federal Republic of Central America declares its independence from the Mexican Empire.
July 1823: The Federal Republic of Central America was established in 1823, consisting of the former territories of the Captaincy General of Guatemala.
May 1830: The Republic of Ecuador was formed in 1830 from the breakup of Greater Colombia.
July 1831: The union of Demerara-Essequibo and Berbice as British Guiana was a result of the British taking control of the Dutch colonies in the region. Demerara was named after the Demerara River, while Essequibo and Berbice were named after the rivers that flowed through them.
November 1831: On November 19, 1831, the federation of Gran Colombia was dissolved in the city of Santa Marta, located in present-day Colombia. The territory that belonged to Gran Colombia was divided into three separate countries: Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
February 1832: Ecuador annexed the Galápagos Islands on 12 February 1832.
January 1837: In 1836 there was the so-called "Colombian Usurpation" in which Colombia took over the territory that is currently Bocas del Toro, which belonged to Costa Rica which could not do anything about it.
January 1841: In 1840-41, the short-lived independent Republic of Panama was established under Tomás de Herrera.
January 1842: In 1840-41, a short-lived independent republic was established under Tomás de Herrera, a prominent Panamanian politician and military leader. The Republic of Panama was later annexed by the Republic of New Grenada.
January 1850: Until 1849, when it became part of Panama, Chiriquí was part of Costa Rica.
April 1858: New Granada was transformed in 1858 to the Granadine Confederation as an answer to demands for a decentralized country.
May 1863: The Granadine Confederation was replaced by the United States of Colombia after another constitutional change in 1863.
August 1886: It was replaced by the more centralist Republic of Colombia in 1886.
March 1891: Definition of the border between Colombia and Venezuela.
November 1903: The separation of Panama from Colombia was formalized on 3 November 1903, with the establishment of the Republic of Panama.
April 1907: The Vásquez Cobo-Martins treaty of 1907 defined the border between Brazil and Colombia.
July 1916: Definition of the border of Colombia with Ecuador.
November 1928: Definition of the border of Colombia with Brazil.
colombia
