Finland (German Protectorate)

This article is about the specific polity Finland (German Protectorate) and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

The German Baltic Sea Division (German: Ostsee-Division) intervened in the Finnish Civil War on the side of the white army making de facto Finland a german protectorate. With the defeat of Germany in WWI Finland become really independent.

Establishment

March 1918: Houtskär was taken by the Finnish Whites.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Russian Civil War

Was a Civil War in Russia that involved varios factions but mainly the Bolsheviks and the conservative White Army in the core Russian territories, as well as a multitude of local secessionist states. At the end of war the Bolsheviks were victorious and established the Soviet Union.

October 1918: The Germans stayed in the Åland Islands until September 1918.

2. World War I

Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.

2.1.Aftermath of World War I

Were a series of treaties and military events that can be considered a direct consequence of World War I.

December 1918: With the defeat of Germany in WWI Finland become indipendent. General Rüdiger von der Goltz and his division left Helsinki on 16 December 1918, and Prince Friedrich Karl, who had not yet been crowned, abandoned his role four days later. Finland's status shifted from a monarchist protectorate of the German Empire to an independent republic.

2.1.1.Finnish Civil War

Was a civil war in Finland in 1918 fought for the leadership and control of the country between White Finland and the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic (Red Finland) during the country's transition from a grand duchy of the Russian Empire to an independent state.

March 1918: Korpo conquered by germany.

April 1918: The German army intervened in the war on the side of the White Army making de facto Finland a German protectorate.

April 1918: The 10,000-strong Baltic Sea Division (German: Ostsee-Division), led by General Rüdiger von der Goltz, launched the main attack at Hanko.

April 1918: Battle of Tampere.

April 1918: The Finnish White Guard succeeds in taking Loviisa, east of Helsinki.

April 1918: Helsinki conquered by germany.

April 1918: Detachment Brandenstein overran the town of Lahti.

April 1918: The main German detachment proceeded northwards from Helsinki and took Hyvinkää and Riihimäki on 21-22 April.

April 1918: Hämeenlinna conquered by germany.

April 1918: Battle of Vyborg.

May 1918: Battle of Ahvenkoski.

May 1918: The war of 1918 ended when the Whites took over Fort Ino.