Kingdom of Candia

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Was an overseas colony of the Republic of Venice that controlled the island of Crete. It emerged after the Fourth Crusade and was conquered by the Ottoman ins 1669.

Establishment

January 1206: Crete was initially allotted to Boniface of Montferrat, but, unable to enforce his control over the island, he soon sold his rights to Venice. Venetian troops first occupied the island in 1205, but it took until 1212 for it to be secured.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Ottoman-Venetian Wars

Were a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Venice

1.1.Cretan War (1645-1669)

Was a war between the Republic of Venice and her allies (among them the Knights of Malta, the Papal States and France) against the Ottoman Empire and the Barbary States.

1.1.1.Ottoman invasion of Crete

Was the Ottoman invasion and occupation of Crete, a Venetian possession at the time.

June 1645: The Ottomans, led by Sultan Ibrahim, landed on the coast 15 miles west of Canea in 1645. The local militia, led by Venetian commander Francesco Morosini, retreated as the Ottomans began their military occupation of the territory.

August 1645: The Ottoman army advanced to the city of Canea itself, which fell.

October 1646: The venetian attempt to break the Ottoman blockade of Rettimo led to the fall of the city in 1646.

June 1647: Gazi Hüseyin Pasha, the local commander, conquered the eastern half of Crete, except for the fortress of Siteia.

April 1648: By the beginning of 1648, all of Crete, except Candia and a few strongholds like the island of Gramvousa, was in Ottoman hands.

January 1654: In 1653, the Ottomans took the island fortress of Selino in Suda Bay.

September 1669: Siege of Candia.