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Is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world. Russia emerged as a country in 1264 with the Grand Duchy of Moscow. However, the medieval Kievan Rus' (that emerged in the IX century) is traditionally considered the cultural predecessof Russia (and several other Slavic countries of the region). Russia emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Russian Federation (formerly the Russian SFSR) assumed the Soviet Union's rights and obligations and is recognized as its continued legal personality.
Establishment
December 1991: On 25 December 1991, Gorbachev resigned and the remaining twelve constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as independent post-Soviet states. The Russian Federation (formerly the Russian SFSR) assumed the Soviet Union's rights and obligations and is recognized as its continued legal personality.
December 1991: Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
December 1991: Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Russian space program continued to operate from Baikonur under the auspices of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was the process of internal disintegration within the Soviet Union (USSR) which resulted in the end of the country as a sovereign state, thereby resulting in its constituent republics gaining full independence.
Are a series of conflicts that are considered to be a consequence of the Dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
2.1.Chechen Wars
Were two wars caused by the independence struggle of Chechnya from the USSR (and later the Russian Federation). The first war started with the secession of the region during the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The second war resulted in Russia reconquering the area back.
2.1.1.First Chechen War
Was a war of independence which the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria waged against the Russian Federation from December 1994 to August 1996.
2.1.1.1.Chechen Secession
Was the secession of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria from the Soviet Union at the beginning of the First Chechen War.
2.1.2.Second Chechen War
Was a conflict that took place in Chechnya and the border regions of the North Caucasus between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria that resulted in the the reincorporation of Chechnya into Russia.
May 2000: Russian President Vladimir Putin established direct rule of Chechnya.
2.2.War of Dagestan
Was a military conflict between the Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan and the Russian Federation.
August 1999: On August 7, Basayev and Khattab launched an invasion into Dagestan with a group of roughly 1,500-2,000 armed militants consisting of Islamic radicals from Chechnya and Dagestan, including other international Islamists. They seized villages in the districts of Tsumadi (Echeda, Gakko, Kedy, Kvanada, Gadiri and Gigatl) and Botlikh (Godoberi, Miarso, Shodroda, Ansalta, Rakhata and Inkhelo).
August 1999: Basaev and Khattab announced they were withdrawing from Botlikhsky District to "redeploy" and begin a "new phase" in their operations.
September 1999: On the morning of September 5, Chechen rebels launched a second invasion into the lowland Novolakskoye region of Dagestan seizing the border village of Tukhchar.
September 1999: The rebels of the Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan came within a mere five kilometers of the major city of Khasavyurt.
September 1999: Russian forces successfully recaptured all regions occupied by the Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan and and pushed the rebels back into Chechnya.
2.3.Russo-Ukrainian War
Is a conflict between Russia and Ukraine, part of the conflicts related to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The main reasons for the conflict are the control of the Ukrainian territories of Donbas and Crimea (both territories have a substantial Russian-speaking populations, in particular Crimea has a majority Russian-speaking population) and Russian influence in former USSR countries. The war started in 2014 with the Russian annexion of Crimea and the Russian-sponsored secession of the the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR) from Ukraine. After a phase of low-level warfare (2016-2021), Russia started a full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
November 2022: The river Island of Ostriv Velykyi Potomkin within the Dnieper River returned to Ukrainian control on 11 November.
November 2022: The Russian Offensive stalled just south to Huliaipole.
November 2022: The Russian army actively pushes on both sides of Bakhmut, in Donetsk Oblast.
December 2022: Russia re-occupied the previously liberated Dnipro river island of Ostriv Velykyi Potomkin close to Kherson.
January 2023: Russian state media reported that Russian forces advanced into Orikhiv and Huliaipole towns in Zaporizhzhia Oblast.
February 2023: The Wagner Group claims the capture of the depopulated Sakko I Vantsetti village.
February 2023: The Wagner Group captured the village of Krasna Hora north of Bakhmut.
May 2023: Ukrainian troops counterattack near Khromove and Bila Hora, advancing 2.6 km along a 3 km-wide front.
May 2023: The Ukrainian Defence Ministry said that its forces had retaken about 20sq km (7.5sq miles) of territory from Russian forces in the north and south of the outskirts of Bakhmut
May 2023: Denis Pushilin, head of the Russian-backed Donetsk People's Republic, said that Russian forces had seized several Ukrainian positions near Avdiivka.
May 2023: Yevgeny Prigozhin claimed on Telegram that his Wagner mercenaries had completely captured Bakhmut.
December 2023: The Ukrainian military acknowledged that Russian forces had advanced by between 1.5 and 2 kilometres in parts of the Avdiivka sector in the past two months
December 2023: Russia said that its forces had taken Marinka while Ukrainian officials said fighting was still ongoing.
January 2024: The Ukrainian military confirmed the capture of the village of Krokhmalne, 30 kilometres southeast of Kupiansk, by Russian forces.
February 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Pobieda, five kilometers west of Donetsk.
February 2024: The Ukrainian military announced that it had withdrawn from the village of Lastochkyne, west of Avdiivka. Russia later said it had taken the village and claimed to have pushed back Ukrainian forces by 10 kilometers.
February 2024: Ukrainian forces withdrew from the villages of Stepove and Sieverne near Avdiivka. Ukrainian commander Oleksandr Tarnavskyi said that defence lines in the area had "stabilised" along the Tonenke-Orlivka-Berdychi axis.
February 2024: The Ukrainian 3rd Assault Brigade claimed that they drove out Russian troops from Krasnohorivka a day after Russian forces entered it
March 2024: Russia claimed to have retaken the southern part of Robotyne.
March 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Nevelske, Donetsk Oblast.
March 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Orlivka, four kilometers west of Avdiivka.
March 2024: Russian forces claimed to have taken the village of Tonenke, 10 kilometers west of Avdiivka.
March 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Ivanivske, west of Bakhmut.
April 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Vodiane, near Avdiivka.
April 2024: Russian forces entered the village of Pervomaiske, ten kilometers west of Avdiivka, and took control of Krasnohorivka. Fighting was also reported north of Avdiivka, at a farmstead on the outskirts of Novokalynove.
April 2024: Russia claimed to have taken Pervomaiske, 11 kilometers west of Avdiivka.
April 2024: Russia claimed to have taken Bohdanivka, three kilometers from Chasiv Yar.
April 2024: Russia claimed to have captured the village of Novomykhailivka, Donetsk Oblast, 20 kilometres from Vuhledar.
April 2024: Russia claimed to have captured the village of Ocheretyne, Donetsk Oblast, which was attributed to a rotational error by Ukrainian military commanders that left the sector mostly undefended and led to Russian forces advancing by five kilometers.
April 2024: Russia seized the village of Novobakhmutivka, ten kilometers northwest of Avdiivka.
April 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Semenivka, five kilometers west of Avdiivka.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken Berdychi, near Avdiivka.
May 2024: Ukrainian forces claimed a series of successful counterattacks against Russian forces near Bakhmut, resulting in an advance of some 500 metres
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Novokalynove, ten kilometers north of Avdiivka.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Keramik in Donetsk Oblast.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Bilohorivka, Luhansk Oblast.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Klishchiivka in Donetsk Oblast for the second time since the start of the invasion in 2022.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Arkhanhelske, north of Donetsk and near Ocheretyne.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the villages of Netailove, 15 kilometers northwest of Donetsk, and Ivanivka, 20 kilometers east of Kupiansk.
June 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Umanske, 30 kilometers northwest of Donetsk.
June 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Paraskoviivka, 25 kilometers southwest of Donetsk.
June 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Staromaiorske, southwest of Donetsk.
June 2024: Myasozharivka in Luhansk Oblast is conquered by Russia.
June 2024: The Ukrainian Azov Brigade claimed to have advanced by one kilometer and pushed out Russian forces in the Serebryansky forest in Luhansk Oblast.
June 2024: Russian forces took the village of Novooleksandrivka In Donetsk Oblast.
June 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Shumy, ten kilometers east of Toretsk.
July 2024: Russian forces claimed to have taken the Novy district of Chasiv Yar.
July 2024: Russian forces claimed to have taken the village of Sokil, 30 kilometers northwest of Donetsk.
July 2024: Russian forces claimed to have taken the settlement of Chyhari (part of Pivdenne) in Donetsk Oblast.
July 2024: Russian forces claimed to have taken the village of Yasnobrodivka, 45 kilometers from Pokrovsk.
July 2024: DeepStateMap.Live reported that Russia had captured the village of Yevhenivka.
July 2024: DeepStateMap.Live reported that Russia had recaptured the village of Urozhaine, Donetsk Oblast.
July 2024: In Donetsk Oblast, Russian forces took the village of Spirne.
July 2024: The Ukrainian military said that its positions in Krynky had been destroyed by Russian attacks, but denied that it had retreated from the village. However, many sources stated that Ukrainian forces had completely withdrawn from the village.
July 2024: Russian forces captured the village of Prohres in Donetsk Oblast. DeepStateMap.Live additionally reported the fall of Rozdolivka to the Russians.
July 2024: The Russian military claimed to have taken the village of Ivano-Daryivka, 30 kilometers northeast of Bakhmut
July 2024: Russian forces captured the village of Lozuvatske in Donetsk Oblast, 24 kilometers east of Pokrovsk.
July 2024: Russian forces took the villages of Novoselivka Persha, 20 kilometers northwest of Avdiivka, and Vovche in Donetsk Oblast.
July 2024: Russian forces captured the village of Tymofiivka in Donetsk Oblast.
August 2024: Russian forces captured the village of Vesele in Donetsk Oblast.
August 2024: Russian forces seized the village of Serhiivka , east of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: Russian forces seized the villages of Ivanivka and Svyrdonivka , both 15 kilometers east of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: Russia captured the villages of Zhelanne and Orlivka , east of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: Ukrainian authorities in Donetsk Oblast reported that Russian forces were now 10 kilometers away from Pokrovsk, and urged all citizens to evacuate.
August 2024: Ukrainian authorities in Donetsk Oblast reported that Russian forces were now six kilometers away from Myrnohrad.
August 2024: Russia captured the villages of Novozhelanne and Zavitne, east of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: Russia captured the villages of Skuchne and Mezhove, east of Pokrovsk, and claimed to have taken the city of Zalizne, southeast of Toretsk.
August 2024: Russia claimed to have taken New York, south of Toretsk.
August 2024: Russian forces took the settlement of Komyshivka, east of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: Russia seized the settlement of Ptyche, east of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: Russia was visually confirmed to have seized the village of Mykolaivka, east of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: Russian forces made their first visually confirmed advance into Toretsk, entering it from the south.
August 2024: Russia captured the village of Kalynove, southeast of Pokrovsk, and likely captured the village of Kostiantynivka, southwest of Donetsk. It also took full control over the city of Novohrodivka, nine kilometers southeast of Pokrovsk.
August 2024: The Ukrainian military said that Russian forces were in partial control over Chasiv Yar, adding that the city was now destroyed.
August 2024: and captured the village of Karlivka in Donetsk Oblast.
September 2024: Russia likely captured the villages of Mykhailivka and Dolynivka, southeast of Pokrovsk.
September 2024: Russia likely seized the village of Halytsynivka, southeast of Pokrovsk.
September 2024: Russia was visually confirmed to have captured Prechystivka, west of Vuhledar.
September 2024: The Azov Brigade claimed to have retaken parts of Niu York and relieved trapped Ukrainian units in the area.
September 2024: Russian forces captured the village of Vodiane, five kilometers from Vuhledar.
September 2024: Russia captured Hryhorivka. Russia also captured the town of Memryk, 20 kilometers from Pokrovsk.
September 2024: Russian forces captured the town of Lisivka in Donetsk Oblast.
September 2024: Russian forces captured the city of Ukrainsk, southeast of Pokrovsk.
September 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Hostre, 30 kilometers west of Donetsk.
September 2024: Russian forces were confirmed to have captured the village of Krutyi Yar , southeast of Pokrovsk. Russia also claimed control over Makiivka in Luhansk Oblast.
September 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Nelipivka, north of Niu York.
October 2024: Russian forces captured the city of Vuhledar.
October 2024: Russian forces captured Tsukuryne, southeast of Pokrovsk, and claimed to have taken Zhelannoye Vtoroye, near Pokrovsk.
October 2024: Russian forces captured Miasozharivka in Luhansk Oblast.
October 2024: Russia claimed to have captured the village of Zolota Nyva.
October 2024: Russian forces were stated to have seized the villages of Zhelanne Pershe, and Krasnyi Yar, all southeast of Pokrovsk.
October 2024: Russia captured the village of Ostrivske, near Kurakhove.
October 2024: Russia was recaptured Nevske in Luhansk Oblast.
October 2024: Russia captured the village of Maksymilianivka, east of Kurakhove.
October 2024: Russian forces seized Zhelanne Druhe in Donetsk Oblast.
October 2024: Russian forces advanced in southwestern Kruhliakivka.
October 2024: Russia captured Serebrianka in Donetsk Oblast.
October 2024: Russian forces seized the village of Novosadove.
October 2024: Russian forces captured Levadne.
October 2024: Russian forces captured the village of Bohoiavlenka in Donetsk Oblast.
October 2024: Russian forces captured the city of Hirnyk in Donetsk Oblast.
October 2024: Russian forces conquered the city of Selydove, southeast of Pokrovsk.
October 2024: Russian forces captured Katerynivka.
November 2024: Russian forces captured Trudove and Kurakhivka in Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces conquered the villages of Vyshneve and Leonidivka.
November 2024: Russian forces captured Novodmytrivka in southern Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces captured the town of Novooleksiivka, south of Pokrovsk.
November 2024: Russian forces captured Kolisnykivka.
November 2024: Russian forces captured Novoselydivka, Makarivka and Rivnopil in Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces captured Illinka in Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces captured Dalnie, Novodarivka and Voznesenka in Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces captured Antonivka, Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces occupied the settlements of Hremiach, Kolos, Novoselydivka and Muravi in the Chernihiv Oblast.
November 2024: Russian captured the town of Zhovte in Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces captured the village of Petrivka in the Pokrovsk front.
November 2024: Russian forces captured the town of Rozdolne in Donetsk Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces captured the town of Pustynka, south of Pokrovsk.
November 2024: Russian forces captured the town Yurivka, south of Pokrovsk.
December 2024: Russian captured Novyi Komar in southern Donetsk Oblast.
December 2024: Ukrainian forces retook the village of Novomlynsk on the Oskil river.
December 2024: Ukrainian forces retook Rozdolne in southern Donetsk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian forces captured the towns of Novyi Trud, Stari Terny, and Blahodatne in Donetsk Oblast.
December 2024: Ukrainian forces reconquered Novyi Komar.
December 2024: Russian forces conquered the town of Novopustynka, south of Pokrovsk.
December 2024: Russia captured the settlement of Sukhi Yaly, southwest of Kurakhove.
December 2024: Russia captured the village of Beretsky, near Kurakhove.
December 2024: Russian forces had captured Kalynivka, east of Chasiv Yar.
December 2024: Russian forces captured the town of Dvorichna, west of the Oskil river.
December 2024: Russian forces captured the town of Hihant in Donetsk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian forces captured the towns of Rozdolne, Kostyantynopolske, Sukhi Yali, and Novyi Komar in Donetsk Oblast.
December 2024: Russia captured Storozheve, Donetsk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian forces conquered the towns of Ukrainka and Novoolenivka near Pokrovsk.
December 2024: Russian forces captured the city of Kurakhove in Donetsk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian forces conquered Vovkove, south of Pokrovsk.
December 2024: Russian forces captured the town of Vozdvyzhenka.
January 2025: Russian forces likely captured the town of Petropavlivka near Stari Terny.
2.3.1.Wagner Group rebellion
The Wagner Group, a Russian private military company led by Yevgeny Prigozhin, briefly revolted against the Russian Government in 2023.
June 2023: Prigozhin declared the start of an armed conflict against the Ministry of Defence in a message posted on his press service's Telegram channel
June 2023: Wagner fighters drove past Voronezh [...] According to media reports, Wagner took control of all military facilities in the city.
June 2023: There are reports that the closest to Moscow that Wagner troops got was the town of Kashira in southern Moscow Oblast, 95 kilometres (59 mi) south of Moscow. Wagner presence is not visually confirmed any closer than Krasnoye in northern Lipetsk Oblast, 330 kilometres (210 mi) south of Moscow.
June 2023: Wagner forces passed through the town of Yelets, and continued north along the M4 highway.
June 2023: Advance towards Moscow: one column reportedly came from Rostov-on-Don, capturing Millerovo air base
June 2023: Wagner proceeded into Lipetsk Oblast, approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) from Moscow.
June 2023: another crossed over from the occupied territory of Ukraine. The vehicles advanced across Voronezh Oblast where they encountered little resistance.
June 2023: During the early morning of 24 June, Wagner forces crossed into Russia's Rostov Oblast from Luhansk and swiftly captured Rostov-on-Don, encountering no apparent opposition.
June 2023: President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko brokered a settlement with Prigozhin, who subsequently agreed to halt the rebellion. In the late evening of 24 June, Wagner troops abandoned their push to Moscow and those who remained in Rostov-on-Don began withdrawing.
2.3.2.Russian Annexion of Crimea
In February and March 2014, Russia invaded and subsequently annexed the Crimean Peninsula from Ukraine. This event is part of the wider Russo-Ukrainian War.
March 2014: Russia formally incorporated Crimea as two federal subjects of the Russian Federation on 18 March 2014.
2.3.3.Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Is the full-scale invasion of Ukraine started by Russia on 24 February 2022, part of the wider Russo-Ukrainian War.
2.3.3.1.Ukrainian Counteroffensive of summer 2023
Ukraine launched a counteroffensive in mid-2023 to reclaim territories occupied by Russian forces. By early December 2023, the counteroffensive was generally considered failed by multiple international media outlets.
June 2023: Ukrainian forces were reported to be advancing towards Bakhmut, with the Wagner Group's Yevgeny Prigozhin confirming that Ukrainian soldiers had retaken part of the settlement of Berkhivka, north of the city [...] near the settlements of Novodonetske and Oktyabrske.
June 2023: Ukraine announced the liberation of the villages of Blahodatne, Makarivka and Neskuchne in Donetsk Oblast
June 2023: Ukraine announced it had retaken seven villages in Zaporizhzhia and Donetsk Oblasts, including the settlements of Lobkove, Levadne, Novodarivka and Storozheve.
June 2023: On the southern front, Ukrainian forces claimed to have advanced by up to 7 kilometers (4.4 miles) along the Mokry Yali river, as well as up to 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) near Mala Tokmachka.
June 2023: Ukrainian forces claimed to have retaken the village of Rivnopil in Donetsk Oblast, as well as territories around Krasnohorivka near the city of Donetsk that had been held by pro-Russian separatists since 2014.
July 2023: but acknowledged Russian advances in Lyman, Avdiivka and Marinka in the Donetsk front. Russia also launched an offensive around Svatove, Luhansk Oblast, attacking the towns of Bilohorivka and Serebryanka.
July 2023: the Ukrainian Defence Ministry said its forces were advancing towards Berdyansk and Melitopol in the Zaporizhzhia front
July 2023: Ukrainian Deputy Defence Minister Hanna Maliar said that Ukrainian forces had recaptured 9 square kilometers of territory in the east and 28.4 square kilometers in the south during the previous week. In the south, the military is continuing successful offensive operations toward Melitopol and Berdiansk in Zaporizhzhia Oblast, specifically in the directions of Novodarivka-Pryiutne, Novodanylivka-Robotyne, and Novosilka-Staromaiorske, Maliar wrote on Telegram.
July 2023: The General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces claimed that it had retaken 10 square kilometers of territory in the southern front and 4 square kilometers in the eastern front over the past week. It also claimed to have advanced more than one kilometer towards Melitopol and Berdiansk. The Ukrainian Defence Ministry claimed its forces had recaptured key heights around Bakhmut and subjected all access points to the city under its line of fire.
July 2023: Russian forces claimed to have advanced by 1.5 kilometers (0.9 miles) near Lyman.
July 2023: Ukrainian forces claimed to have advanced 1.7 kilometers in the direction of Melitopol in the past week
July 2023: The Ukrainian military claimed to have advanced by more than one kilometer towards Berdiansk
July 2023: Russian forces advanced 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) towards Kupiansk, which was denied by Ukrainian Colonel-General Oleksandr Syrskyi
July 2023: The Ukrainian military claimed to have pushed out Russian forces from their positions near the village of Orikhovo-Vasylivka, northwest of Bakhmut.
July 2023: The Ukrainian military claimed to have retaken 12.7 square kilometers of territory in the southern front and 4 square kilometers in the eastern front, increasing the total amount of territory retaken since the start of the counteroffensive to 192.1 square kilometers. It also claimed to have advanced by up to 1.4 kilometers towards Berdiansk.
July 2023: The Ukrainian military claimed to have retaken the village of Andriivka, south of Bakhmut, and pushed out Russian forces from Staromaiorske in southern Donetsk Oblast.
July 2023: The Ukrainian military claimed to have retaken the village of Staromaiorske in southern Donetsk Oblast
August 2023: The ISW, citing Russian milbloggers, reported that Ukrainian forces aboard seven boats had crossed the Dnipro river again near Kozachi Laheri, Kherson Oblast, and advanced by 800 meters after breaching Russian defenses.
August 2023: The ISW, citing geolocated footage, assessed that Ukrainian forces had reached the northern outskirts of the village of Robotyne in the Zaporizhzhia front.
August 2023: Ukraine claimed it had completely retaken Urozhaine.
August 2023: The Ukrainian Defence Ministry said that its forces had retaken three square kilometers of territory in the southern flank of Bakhmut in the past week
September 2023: Ukrainian border guards reclaimed the frontier settlements of Stroivka and Topoli, both of which lay in a recently de-mined "gray zone" between Ukrainian and Russian positions in Kharkiv Oblast.
September 2023: The Ukrainian military claimed to have retaken more than half of the village of Klishchiivka, south of Bakhmut
September 2023: The Ukrainian defence ministry claimed its forces had retaken parts of the village of Opytne, three kilometers northwest of Donetsk, as well as 4.8 square kilometers of territory in the southern front over the past week.
September 2023: The Ukrainian military claimed it had retaken Klishchiivka.
October 2023: The ISW assessed that Russian forces had taken 4.5 square kilometers of territory around Avdiivka
October 2023: The Ukrainian military said it had advanced by a kilometer west of Verbove.
October 2023: Ukrainian forces reportedly landed on the east bank of the Dnipro river in Kherson Oblast, advancing north of Pishchanivka and into Poima, around four kilometers from the shore, and prompting Russian airstrikes on Pishchanivka.
October 2023: The ISW assessed that Ukrainian forces had reached the northeastern part of the village of Krynky, two kilometers southeast of the Dnipro River in Russian-occupied Kherson Oblast.
November 2023: Andriy Yermak, chief of staff to President Zelenskyy, acknowledged for the first time that Ukrainian forces were holding positions on the east bank of the Dnipro river. The Ukrainian military later said it had established a buffer zone of three to eight kilometers from the river's bank in Kherson Oblast.
2.3.3.2.2024 Kharkiv Offensive
An offensive by the Russian Military Forces in the Kharkiv Oblast initiated in 2024.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the villages of Soloviove in Donetsk Oblast and Kotliarivka in Kharkiv Oblast, 20 kilometers from Kupiansk.
May 2024: Up to 4-5 Russian infantry battalions from a newly created force crossed the state border, reportedly capturing the villages of Krasne, Borysivka, Strilecha, and Pylna.
May 2024: According to the ISW, geolocated footage published on 11 May indicated that Morokhovets, Oliinykove and Ohirtseve had come under Russian control.
May 2024: The Russian Ministry of Defence claimed that its forces had captured the villages of Hatyshche, Krasne, Morokhovets and Oliinykove.
May 2024: Russian forces had taken control over the village of Zelene, while the village of Lukiantsi was almost wholly occupied.
May 2024: Russian forces also made gains in Vovchansk and advanced into central Buhruvatka with the Russian ministry of defense claiming that they had fully secured the village, although, geolocated footage still reported some fighting in its southern outskirts.
May 2024: Russian forces took control of Lukiantsi and continued operations towards Lyptsi, Hlyboke, and Pylna. Russian forces also advanced within northern Vovchansk and made marginal gains in northeastern Starytsia while continuing offensive operations near Starytsia and Pletenivka.
May 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the village of Starytsia in Kharkiv Oblast.
May 2024: Ukrainian forces recaptured a windbreak overlooking Lukiantsi
June 2024: Ukrainian forces regained positions near Hlyboke.
June 2024: Ukrainian forces recaptured the whole of Tykhe
July 2024: Geolocated footage published on July 14 also showed the Chechen 204th "Akhmat" Spetsnaz Regiment fighting in Vovchansk. Additionally, the 245th Motorized Rifle Regiment was also spotted fighting in Sotnytskyi Kozachok.
July 2024: Russia claimed to have taken the villages of Pishchane in Kharkiv Oblast and Andriivka in Luhansk Oblast.
August 2024: Russian forces reportedly seized border settlements that they had previously raided, namely, Sotnytskyi Kozachok in Kharkiv Oblast, and Lukashivka in Sumy Oblast.
September 2024: Russia advanced into the southern areas of the village of Synkivka in eastern Kharkiv Oblast, potentially taking control of the settlement.
October 2024: Russia captured Kruhliakivka in Kharkiv Oblast.
November 2024: Russian forces entered Kupiansk in Kharkiv Oblast.
2.3.3.3.Battle of Soledar
The battle of Soledar was a series of military engagements in and around the urban-type settlement of Soledar, Ukraine.
December 2022: Russian forces captured the village of Bakhmutske, located along Soledar's southern flank, on 27 December.
January 2023: Russian sources claimed that Russian forces seized the Dekonska railway station on the southern outskirts of Soledar.
January 2023: The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) reported that Russia had likely captured Soledar proper on 11 January
2.3.3.4.Kursk Oblast Offensive
An offensive by the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the Russian Oblast of Kursk.
August 2024: Ukrainian fighters, equipped with tanks and armored vehicles, crossed into Russian territory. the incursion involved around 300 Ukrainian troops, 11 tanks, and over 20 armored combat vehicles, and was aimed in two directions: at Oleshnya in the direction of Sudzha, east-northeast of Sumy, and towards Nikolayevo-Darino, north-northeast of Sumy.
August 2024: Geolocated footage confirmed that Ukrainian forces had advanced at least 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) across the Russian border, having penetrated at least two Russian defensive lines and a stronghold. Russian sources indicated that Ukrainian forces were trying to advance along the 38K-030 Sudzha-Korenevo highway, and a prominent Kremlin-affiliated milblogger claimed that by 18:00 local time on 7 August, Ukrainian forces had advanced both northwest and southeast along the highway and were now fighting on the outskirts of Korenevo and Sudzha.
August 2024: Ukrainian forces entered the settlement of Mirny [ru; uk] and had taken control of the villages of Kazachya Loknya, Bogdanovka, 1st Knyazhiy and 2nd Knyazhiy. Skirmishes took place in the village of Snagost.
August 2024: Ukrainian forces were in control of the western part of Sudzha and the surrounding roads; skirmishes continued in the town.
August 2024: Reports claimed that Ukrainian troops had captured around 100-200 square kilometers of territory, at a depth of around 10 kilometers on average.
August 2024: By 9 August, Russian forces had retaken the village of Snagost, and in the north had pushed Ukraine back to the northern village of Malaya Loknya back from Ukraine's positions in Milyutino and Generalovka.
August 2024: Ukrainian Armed Forces had managed to take control of the village of Poroz.
August 2024: The Russian Armed Forces claimed to have regained control of the village of Makhnovka east of Sudzha.
August 2024: On the night of 11 August, the Ukrainian Armed Forces entered Belovsky District
August 2024: Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy said that his forces were in control of roughly 1,000 square kilometres and 74 settlements inside Kursk Oblast. The Russian defence ministry claimed to have thwarted Ukrainian assaults in Korenevsky District near the villages of Obshchy Kolodez, Kauchuk, Alekseyevsky, and Snagost and in Sudzhansky District in the direction of Martynovka, and also in the areas of Korenevo, Oleshnya, Nikolayevo-Daryino, Sudzha, and Mikhaylovka.
August 2024: Ukrainian troops entered the village of Kamyshnoye where an urban battle was reported.
August 2024: Cherkasskaya Konopelka, to the south of Sudzha, was reportedly captured by Ukraine, while the village of Kurilovka, the hamlet of Dmitryukov and the villages of Borki and Krupets were also reportedly occupied.
August 2024: By 14 August, the Ukrainian incursion had penetrated 10 kilometres (6 mi) into the Belgorod oblast and had captured multiple positions.
August 2024: Ukrainian state television aired a report claiming that Sudzha was under Ukrainian control and showing Ukrainian soldiers removing the Russian flag from an official building.
August 2024: The town of Glushkovo was ordered evacuated by governor Smirnov
August 2024: Ukraine reportedly attempted to advance in three directions: east from Sudzha toward the village of Belitsa and the neighboring settlement of Giri, north towards Lgov, and northwest towards Korenevo on the road to Rylsk. A fierce battle was reported near the settlement of Kauchuk, approximately 30 kilometers from Lgov. Russian forces dug new trenches south of Lgov and in Chermoshnoy. Ukrainian forces claimed to have advanced 1-2 kilometers and completed clearance of Sudzha.
August 2024: The Russian MOD claimed to have recaptured the village of Krupets.
August 2024: A fierce Russian response led to heavy Ukrainian casualties and a subsequent retreat from the captured territory in the Belgorod Oblast by 15 August
August 2024: Russian forces reportedly blew up two bridges near Tyotkino and Popovo-Lezhachi after withdrawing from the right bank of the Seym River in the area.
August 2024: The Ukrainian military claimed the capture of the settlement of Korenevo but the Russian MOD described the settlement as contested.
August 2024: President Zelenskyy said that Ukrainian forces were in control of 92 settlements in Kursk Oblast and 1,250 square kilometers of Russian territory.
August 2024: The Ukrainian Ministry of Defense claimed to have advanced towards the villages of Novoivanovka and Kul'baki. It also stated that Korenevo was being attacked from the south. The settlement on the Sudzha-Kursk-Martynovka road was also claimed to be controlled by Ukraine, who also claimed to have taken over Plekhovo in the south
August 2024: Borki, Kamyshnoye and Gir'i were under Russian control.
August 2024: The Russian Ministry of Defense claimed that its forces had repelled Ukrainian assaults from Komarovka, Korenevo, Malaya Loknya and Russkaya Konopelka and attacked Ukrainian soldiers near eight villages in Kursk Oblast and nine villages in Sumy Oblast.
August 2024: Russian forces fully retook Korenevo.
September 2024: Russian forces entered Snagost. Russian forces captured the settlements of Gordeyevka and Vnezapnoye.
September 2024: The Russian defense ministry reiterated Alaudinov's statements of 10 settlements having been retaken, and specified that these were Apanasovka, Byakhovo, Vishnevka, Viktorovka, Vnezapnoye, Gordeevka, Krasnooktyabrsky, Obukhovka, Snagost, and 10-y Oktyabr.
September 2024: Ukraine simultaneously expanded operations outside of their main salient in Kursk Oblast, attacking southwest of Glushkovo near Novy Put and making advances.
September 2024: Ukrainian forces made further confirmed gains southwest of Glushkovo, advancing three kilometers from the border with Russia south of Vesyoloye.
September 2024: The Russian Ministry of Defense claimed to have retaken the village of Uspenovka.
September 2024: Apti Alaudinov stated that Russia had regained control over the settlements of Nikolayevo-Darino and Darino in the Sudzhansky District.
October 2024: The Russian Ministry of Defense claimed that Russian forces had regained control over Pokrovsky and Novaya Sorochina in the Sudzhansky District.
December 2024: Russian forces recaptured the town of Novoivanovka in Kursk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian forces recaptured the town of Plekhovo in Kursk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian captured the town of Novoivanovka in Kursk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian forces recaptured Kruglenkoye in Kursk Oblast.
December 2024: Russian forces claimed to have captured the town of Agronom in Kursk Oblast
December 2024: Ukrainian forces retook the town of Kruglenkoye in Kursk Oblast.
January 2025: Ukrainian forces captured the town of Martynovka.
2.3.3.5.2022 Ukrainian eastern counteroffensive
Was a counteroffensive by the Armed Forces of Ukraine on the Russian-occupied Ukrainian territory of the Kharkiv Oblast which was launched on 6 September 2022.
October 2022: Russia confirmed that it had lost control of Lyman. Ukrainian soldiers retook Yampil.
October 2022: Ukrainian authorities regained control of the Kharkhiv Oblast.
2.3.3.6.2022 Ukrainian southern counteroffensive
Was a counteroffensive by the Armed Forces of Ukraine on the Russian-occupied Ukrainian territory in the southern regions of Kherson and Mykolaiv oblasts, launched on 29 August 2022.
October 2022: An Ukrainian armoured offensive burst through Russian lines in the south capturing multiple villages along the Dnieper river.
October 2022: Ukrainian forces regained control of numerous settlements north of the Dnieper River in Kherson Oblast including Davydiv Brid, Lyubymivka, Khreshchenivka, Zolota Balka, Bilyaivka, Ukrainka and Velyka Oleksandrivka.
November 2022: Ukrainian forces entered Snihurivka.
November 2022: Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine Valerii Zaluzhnyi stated that Ukrainian forces have taken back 41 settlements in the Kherson direction since 1 October.
2.3.3.7.Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts
On 30 September 2022, Russia unilaterally declared the annexation of the territories under ist control in four Ukrainian oblasts - Luhansk, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia and Kherson.
September 2022: On 30 September 2022, Russia unilaterally declared the annexation of the territories under ist control in four Ukrainian oblasts - Luhansk, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia and Kherson.
Selected Sources
Bakhmutske,48.660278,38.099722
Bilohorivka,48.927222,38.248611
Blahodatne;Makarivka;Neskuchne;47.796389,36.815278;47.778056,36.801389;47.82,36.808889;
Huliaipole,47.65,36.266667
Milyutino,51.498611,35.394722
Pishchane;Andriivka;49.568333,37.832778;49.424722,37.905833;
Rivnopil,47.786111,36.699167
Rostov-on-Don,47.23659371,39.71070994
Shumy,48.380833,37.933611
Soledar,48.6946,38.0676
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-december-26-2024
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-december-30-2024
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-december-31-2024
https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-january-5-2025
Russian Federation
