Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic

This article is about the specific polity Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic and therefore only includes events related to its territory and not to its possessions or colonies. If you are interested in the possession, this is the link to the article about the nation which includes all possessions as well as all the different incarnations of the nation.

If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics

Was a short-lived state in the Caucasus that included most of the territory of the present-day Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, as well as parts of Russia and Turkey. It succeded the Transcaucasian Commissariat. It fragmented into the countries of Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia after one month of existence.

Establishment

April 1918: By April 5, the head of the Transcaucasian delegation, Akaki Chkhenkeli, accepted the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk as a basis for more negotiations and urged the Transcaucasian governments to accept this position. The mood in Tbilisi, however, was very different. Instead of being bound by the terms of Brest-Litovsk, the Sejm gathered and made the decision to establish independence. On April 22, 1918, it proclaimed the establishment of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Russian Civil War

Was a Civil War in Russia that involved varios factions but mainly the Bolsheviks and the conservative White Army in the core Russian territories, as well as a multitude of local secessionist states. At the end of war the Bolsheviks were victorious and established the Soviet Union.

1.1.Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War

Local independence movement caused several secessions and revolts during the Russian Civil War.

1.1.1.Pro-independence and White movements in the Caucasus during the Russian Civil War

Were a series of revolts and secessions in the Caucasus during the Russian Civil War.

2. World War I

Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.

2.1.World War I Middle East Theatre

Was the theatre of war in the Middle East during World War I.

2.1.1.Caucasus campaign (World War I)

Was an armed conflict mainly between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire in the Caucasus area during World War I.

2.1.1.1.Transcaucasian Front of World War I

Was the theatre of war in Transcaucasia during World War I.

April 1918: Surrender of the city of Kars to the Ottoman army.

May 1918: Georgia withdrew from the federation and declared itself a separate republic, encouraged by the German mission led by Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein and Friedrich Werner von der Schulenburg.

May 1918: The First Republic of Armenia declared its independence.