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Data

Name: Principality of Monaco

Type: Polity

Start: 1641 AD

End: 2022 AD

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Icon Principality of Monaco

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Is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera. Honoré II, Prince of Monaco secured recognition of his independent sovereignty in 1641. Since then the area has remained under the control of the Grimaldi family.

Establishment


  • September 1641: Honoré II, Prince of Monaco secured recognition of his independent sovereignty from Spain in 1633, and then from Louis XIII of France by the Treaty of Péronne (1641). Since then the area has remained under the control of the Grimaldi family.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars


    Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

    1.1.War of the First Coalition

    Were a series of wars between the Kingdom of France (later the French Republic) and several European Monarchies. The French Revolution had deteriorated the relations of France with the other European countries, that tried several times to invade France in order to crash the revolutionary government.

  • February 1793: French control of the Principality of Monaco during the French revolution from 1793 to May 17, 1814, as part of the département of Alpes-Maritimes.

  • 1.2.War of the Sixth Coalition

    Was a war between France and a a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, and a number of German States. The coalition emerged after the decimation of the French army in the French invasion of Russia. The coalition ultimately invaded France and forced Napoleon to abdicate and go into exile.

  • May 1814: During the French Revolution, the territory of Monaco was under French control from 1793 to May 17, 1814, as part of the département of Alpes-Maritimes. This period ended with the fall of the French Empire.

  • 2. World War II


    Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.

    2.1.World War II (Western Front)

    Was the Western European theatre of World War II.

  • November 1942: On 11 November 1942, the Italian Army invaded and occupied Monaco.
  • September 1944: End of the German Occupation of Monaco.

  • 3. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)


  • March 1848: On March 2, 1848, Mentone declared itself a free city headed by Carlo Trenca. On March 21, the union of the Free Cities of Mentone and Roccabruna was officially born, under the protection of the Kingdom of Sardinia.

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