If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics
The cluster includes all the forms of Luxembourg through History. During the Middle Ages Luxembourg was a composite state that included several territories ruled by the monarchs of the House of Luxembourg.
The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:
Luxembourg County
Duchy of Luxembourg
Duchy of Luxembourg (Netherlands)
Granduchy of Luxembourg
Establishment
January 1061: In 1060, the title Count of Luxembourg was first used by Conrad I of Luxembourg.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Was a conflict in the Holy Roman Empire between the Prince-Bishopric of Liège under Bishop John of Enghien and the Marquisate of Namur under Marquis Guy of Dampierre. What began as a dispute over stolen property.
January 1273: Henry V of Luxembourg attacked Condroz.
April 1276: Ciney is occupied by forces of Liege.
May 1276: Henry V of Luxembourg stormed the city of Ciney.
January 1279: In 1278, the War of the Cow was resolved by King Philip III of France, who ordered the restoration of the status quo ante bellum. The territory in question belonged to the Liege Prince-Bishopric.
Were a series of Wars between the Teutonic Order and the Kingdom of Poland. .
2.1.Polish-Teutonic War (1326-1332)
Was a war between the Kingdom of Poland and the State of the Teutonic Order over Pomerelia.
January 1327: The Bohemian king, at the time the head of the Luxembourg Dynasty, vassalized many of the Duchies of Silesia.
January 1327: King John the Blind of Luxembourg marched against Kraków.
January 1327: King John the Blind of Luxembourg and Bohemia marched against Kraków.
February 1327: King John the Blind of Luxembourg and Bohemia marched against Kraków.
Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.
3.1.Congress of Vienna
Was a series of international diplomatic meetings after the end of the Napoleonic wars whose aim was a long-term peace plan for Europe. It redraw the borders of Europe and partially restored the Monarchies of the pre-revolutionary period.
June 1815: Luxembourg existed as an independent Grand Duchy from 1815 and was therefore not part of the Kingdom of the United Netherlands. However, from 1815 to 1890 it was ruled by the Dutch king, who was also the Grand Duke of the sovereign Luxembourg.
Was a global conflict between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). It was mainly caused by the competition of the western countries over domain in Europe and in the rest of the world with their colonial empires. The war ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war also caused the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War.
4.1.World War I western Front
Was the theatre of war in western Europe during World War I.
4.1.1.Occupation of Luxembourg
Was the German occupation of Luxembourg during World War I.
August 1914: On 2 August, Germany occupied Luxembourg.
4.1.2.Hundred Days Offensive
Was a series of massive Allied offensives that led to the collapse of the Western Front and of the German Empire.
November 1918: Entente advance in central Europe by 11 November 1918.
Was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945 (it started sooner in certain regions) between the Axis Powers (mainly Germany, Japan and Italy) and the Allies (mainly the Soviet Union, the U.S.A., the U.K., China and France). It was the war with more fatalities in history. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The war in Europe began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war ended with the complete defeat of the Axis powers, which were occupied by the Allies.
5.1.World War II (Western Front)
Was the Western European theatre of World War II.
5.1.1.German Invasion of Luxembourg
Was the German Invasion of Luxembourg during World War II.
May 1940: The battle for Luxembourg began on 10 May 1940 and lasted just one day. Facing only light resistance, German troops quickly occupied Luxembourg.
5.1.2.Ardennes Counteroffensive
Was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II.
5.1.2.1.Allied Counteroffensive
Allied military operations to liberate Belgium and Luxembourg during World War II.
January 1945: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
5.1.3.Siegfried Line campaign
Was a phase in the Western European campaign of World War II which involved actions near the German defensive Siegfried Line.
September 1944: Territorial changes based on the known frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
5.1.4.Western Allied invasion of Germany
Was the invasion of the western territories of Germany mainly by the United States, United Kingdom, France and Canada at the end of World War II.
March 1945: Frontline of the western front of World War II in that date.
5.1.4.1.German Offensive on the Western Front during the Allied invasion
Was a offensive of Germany against the Allies that were invading German-occupied Europe during World War II.
December 1944: Territorial changes caused on December 20th 1944 by the German Ardenne Offensive of 1944 ("Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein").
5.1.5.Battle of Vianden
Took place November 19, 1944 in the small town of Vianden, in northern Luxembourg. It was one of the most important battles of the Luxembourg Resistance during World War II.
November 1944: One of the most important battles of the Luxembourg Resistance during World War II took place November 19, 1944 in the small town of Vianden.
5.2.End of World War II in Europe
Refers to the surrender of Axis forces and the end of World War II and to the territorial changes that were a direct consequence of World War II but happened after the traditional end of the War.
May 1945: After the End of World War II the Western European countries of Germany are reverted to their pre-war borders.
January 1265: In 1264 the County of Vianden became a feudal dependency of the Counts of Luxembourg.
January 1307: In 1306, the Přemyslid dynasty died out and, after a series of dynastic wars, John, Count of Luxembourg, was elected Bohemian king.
January 1320: After the Brandenburg Ascanians died out in 1319, the Bohemian King John of the House of Luxembourg claimed Upper Lusatia.
January 1328: Zator fell to the Duchy of Bohemia.
January 1328: In 1327 John of Bohemia invaded Polonia minor.
January 1330: After the intervention of King Charles I of Hungary, John of Bohemia left Polonia Minor.
January 1332: In 1329, the Margraves of Brandenburg sold Aš Land to the Luxembourg king John of Bohemia. John of Bohemia, also known as John the Blind, was a member of the Luxembourg dynasty and ruled as King of Bohemia from 1310 until his death in 1346.
March 1354: In 1354, the county of Luxembourg was made a duchy by Emperor Charles IV.
January 1356: Sternstein made fief of Bohemia.
January 1365: Chiny County is sold it to Duke Wenceslaus of Luxembourg.
January 1368: Elector Otto von Wittelsbach sold the March of Lusatia to the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1367.
January 1369: In 1368 Longwy was ceded to the Duke of Luxembourg.
January 1374: Charles (Luxembourg) succeeded in purchasing Brandenburg from Margrave Otto for 500,000 guilders in 1373 and, at a Landtag in Guben, he attached (but not incorporated) Brandenburg to the Crown of Bohemia.
January 1376: In 1375 Zossen was listed in Charles IV's land book as belonging to the Mark Brandenburg.
January 1379: Based on Gustav Droysen's Map of the Holy Roman Empire in the XIV century.
January 1379: Longwy returned to the Duke of Bar in 1378.
January 1385: After the Strele died out, the lords of Biberstein owned the town and castle of Storkow from 1384 to 1518.
January 1386: Duke Swantibor III of Pomerania-Stettin acquired the cities of Burg and Löcknitz.
January 1395: Following the death of Louis d'Enghien in 1394, the barony of Enghien passed to the house of Luxembourg.
January 1403: In 1402 Konrad von Jungingen, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, was able to acquire the Brandenburg Neumark for 63,200 Hungarian guilders.
January 1412: In return for supporting Sigismund as Holy Roman Emperor at Frankfurt in 1410, Frederick VI of Nuremberg, a burgrave of the House of Hohenzollern, was granted hereditary control over Brandenburg in 1411.
January 1420: Sulzbach-Rosenberg sold to the Wittelsbach.
January 1438: When Bohemian king Sigismund of Luxembourg died in 1437, the Bohemian estates elected Albert of Austria as his successor.
January 1444: In 1443, Philip of Burgundy conquers the Duchy of Luxembourg.
January 1446: Cottbus became part of Brandenburg.
January 1478: Barbara von Brandenbur inherited the Duchy of Crossen.
April 1839: The western part of Luxembourg left the federation in 1839 after unification with Belgium.
April 1839: By the Treaty of London in 1839, the status of the grand duchy became fully sovereign and in personal union to the king of the Netherlands.
Selected Sources
Cook, C. / Stevenson, J. (2006): The Routledge Companion to World History since 1914, Routledge, p.3
Crossing Of The Rhine, 22-28 March 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope79.jpg
Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), pp. 30-31
German Ardennes Counter-Offensive, 26 December 1944 16 January 1945. United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope73.jpg
Pursuit To The West Wall, 26 August-14 September 1944 United States Military Academy West Point. Retrieved on March, 26th, 2024 on https://s3.amazonaws.com/usma-media/inline-images/academics/academic_departments/history/WWII%20Europe%20Med/WWIIEurope66.jpg
Sullivan, G.R.: Ardennes-Alsace p.23. U.S. Army Center of Military Hisotry. Retrieved on 7 April 2024 on https://www.history.army.mil/brochures/ardennes/aral.htm
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 530
luxembourg
