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Data

Name: Imperial City of Friedberg

Type: Polity

Start: 1253 AD

End: 1802 AD

Statistics

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Icon Imperial City of Friedberg

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Was a Free Imperial City of the Holy Roman Empire.

Establishment


  • January 1253: Friedberg is declared a Free Imperial City.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. European wars of religion


    Were a series of wars in Europe (and the overseas possessions of European countries) the 16th, 17th and early 18th that started after the Protestant Reformation. Although the immediate causes of the wars were religious, the motives were complex and also included territorial ambitions.

    1.1.Thirty Years' War

    Was a war that took place mainly in central Europe between 1618 and 1648. The war began as a religious conflict between Catholics and Protestant in the Holy Roman Empire but then escalated into a conflict for the hegemony in Europe between Habsburg Spain and Austria, Sweden and France.

    1.1.1.Bohemian-Palatine period

    Was the first period of the Thirty Years' War. It started with a protestant revolt in Bohemia, at the time a territory of the Habsburg Domains.

    1.1.1.1.War in Palatinate

    Was the theatre of war in Palatinate during the first phase of the Thirty Years' War.

  • December 1621: German Protestant military leader Christian of Brunswick takes Amöneburg, not far from Mainz.
  • September 1622: From the summer of 1622, the territories of the Palatinate on the right bank of the Rhine were occupied by the troops of the Catholc League. Frederick V of the Palatinate eventually lost his electoral dignity on February 23, 1623, which was transferred to Maximilian of Bavaria.

  • 2. Seven Years´ War


    Was a global conflict that involved most of the European great powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. At the end of the war the main winner was Great Britain, that obtained territories in North America, the Caribbean and India, becoming the most powerful maritime and colonial of the European powers.

    2.1.Central German Theatre

    Was the theatre of war in central Germany of the Seven Years' War.

    2.1.1.Rhineland Theatre (Seven Years' War)

    Was the theatre of War in the Rhineland during the Seven Years' War.

  • July 1760: French general de Broglie launched an offensive in the direction of Hesse, defeating Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel's forces on July 10 at the Battle of Korbach.
  • July 1760: The Battle of Warburg was fought on 31 July 1760 during the Seven Years' War. The battle was a victory for the Hanoverians and the British against the French army.

  • 3. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars


    Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

  • January 1803: Friedberg annexed by Hesse-Darmstadt.

  • 3.1.War of the First Coalition

    Were a series of wars between the Kingdom of France (later the French Republic) and several European Monarchies. The French Revolution had deteriorated the relations of France with the other European countries, that tried several times to invade France in order to crash the revolutionary government.

    3.1.1.Rhine campaign of 1796

    Were a series of battles in the Rhineland during the War of the First Coalition.

  • July 1796: French forces occupy the city of Friedberg.

  • 3.1.2.Treaty of Campo Formio

    Was a treaty between France and Austria that ended the War of the First Coalition.

  • January 1798: The Treaty of Campo Formio was signed on 17 October 1797 (26 Vendémiaire VI). The treaty transferred the Austrian Netherlands to France. The territories of Venice were partitioned, most were acquired by Austria. Austria recognized the Cisalpine Republic and the newly created Ligurian Republic. Extension of the borders of France up to the Rhine, the Nette, and the Roer.

  • Disestablishment


  • January 1803: Friedberg annexed by Hesse-Darmstadt.
  • Selected Sources


  • Articles secrets et convention additionelle du traité de Campo Formio. Retrieved on March, 24th 2024 on https://books.google.de/books?id=SStJAAAAcAAJ&dq=Trait%C3%A9%20de%20paix%20de%20Campo%20Formio&hl=de&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q=Trait%C3%A9%20de%20paix%20de%20Campo%20Formio&f=false
  • Battle of Warburg. BritishBattles.com. Retrieved on 30 march 2024 on https://www.britishbattles.com/frederick-the-great-wars/seven-years-war/battle-of-warburg/
  • Droysen, G. (1886): Historischer Handatlas, Bielefeld and Leipzig (Germany), p. 48
  • Exshaw, A. (1763): A Compleat History of the Late War, pp. 282-283
  • Frieden von Campoformio. Retrieved on March, 24th 2014 on https://books.google.de/books?id=UbGMtENHaBIC&pg=PA9#v=onepage&q&f=false
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