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Data

Name: braunschweig-wolfenbuettel

Type: Cluster

Start: 1705 AD

End: 1871 AD

Statistics

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If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this nation you can find it here: All Statistics

The cluster includes all the forms of the country.

The cluster includes the following incarnations of the same nation:

  • Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Principality
  • Duchy of Brunswick
  • Establishment


  • August 1705: In 1705, the effective separation of Braunschweig occurred after the union of Calenberg and Lüneburg. This led to the territory going to the Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Principality, which was ruled by Duke Rudolph Augustus.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. Northern Wars


    A series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe from the 16th to the 18th century.

    1.1.Great Northern War

    Was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

    1.1.1.Phase 2: Sweden Defending itself

    Was the second phase of the Great Northern War. It consisted in the counterattack of all the countries that Sweden had invaded during the first phase of the war.

    1.1.1.1.North German Front of the Great Northern War

    Was the theatre of war of northern Germany in the second phase of the Great Northern War.

  • May 1715: Following Prussian and Hanoverian occupation, Denmark ceded Bremen-Verden to Hanover on May 2, 1715 in exchange for a compensation payment.

  • 2. French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars


    Were a series of conflicts between France and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France - later the First French Empire - and its allies.

  • January 1808: Brunswick was occupied from 1807 to 1813 by the French and became part of the Kingdom of Westphalia.

  • 2.1.War of the Sixth Coalition

    Was a war between France and a a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, and a number of German States. The coalition emerged after the decimation of the French army in the French invasion of Russia. The coalition ultimately invaded France and forced Napoleon to abdicate and go into exile.

  • October 1813: Napoleon is defeated in Leipzig by the Coalition forces. The French Army is forced to leave Germany.

  • 3. German Unification Wars


    Were a series of wars that resulted in the creation of the German Empire under Prussian leadership in 1871.

    3.1.Franco-Prussian War

    Was a war that saw the Second French Empire fight against an alliance of German states led by the Kingdom of Prussia. The war was caused by the struggle over dominance in continental Europe between Prussia and France. The German states were victorious and in 1871 merged to form the German Empire. France was occupied and forced to cede Alsace-Lorraine to Germany.

    3.1.1.Unification of Germany (1871)

    Was the unification of 25 German states into the German Empire under the leadership of the Kingdom of Prussia, officially proclaimed on 18 January 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles in France.

  • January 1871: While the Kingdom of Hanover was annexed by Prussia in 1866, the Duchy of Brunswick remained sovereign and independent. It joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire.

  • 4. Further events (Unrelated to Any War)


  • January 1732: Blankenburg County in personal union with Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1731.

  • Disestablishment


  • January 1871: While the Kingdom of Hanover was annexed by Prussia in 1866, the Duchy of Brunswick remained sovereign and independent. It joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire.
  • Selected Sources


  • Köbler, G. (2014) Historische Enzyklopädie der Länder der Deutschen, C.H. Beck München, pp. 28-31
  • O'Mahony, C. I. (2013). War within the Walls: Conflict and Citizenship in the Murals of the Hôtel de Ville, Paris. Journal of War & Culture Studies, 6(1), 6-23.
  • Tucker, S.C. (2011) Battles that changed History - An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, ABC-CLIO, p.302
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