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Video Summary

Data

Name: Cleomenean War

Type: Event

Start: 228 BC

End: 221 BC

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Icon Cleomenean War

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Was a war fought between Sparta and the Achaean League for the control of the Peloponnese.

Chronology


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  • January 221 BC: Antigonus III Doson of Macedon leaves Sparta having militarly occupied the city for a short time.
  • January 221 BC: After the Cleomenean War in -222, the whole territory of Sparta was taken over by Sparta. This war was fought between Sparta, led by King Cleomenes III, and the Achaean League. The conflict resulted in Sparta gaining control over its own territory once again.

  • 1. Spartan Domination of the Peloponnese


    Was a Spartan campaign in the Peloponnese.

  • January 226 BC: Spartan King Cleomenes advanced into the territory of Megalopolis and captured the village of Leuctra.
  • January 225 BC: In -226, the Greek city-states of Hermione, Troezen, and Epidaurus surrendered to King Cleomenes III of Sparta during his military campaign to expand Spartan territory in the region. Cleomenes III was a prominent Spartan king known for his military reforms and aggressive expansionist policies.
  • January 225 BC: Cleonae and Phlius were ancient Greek cities located in the Peloponnese region. Cleomenes III was a Spartan king who led a military campaign to seize control of various territories in the region. After capturing Argos, Cleomenes also gained control of Cleonae and Phlius in -226 BC.
  • January 225 BC: King Cleomenes III of Sparta seized the city of Argos.
  • February 226 BC: An Achaean army inflicted a minor defeat on the Spartan army and freed the city of Leuctra.
  • January 225 BC: Achaea was now in turmoil, and some cities were close to revolt; many residents were angered at Aratus' decision to invite the Macedonians into the Peloponnese. Some also hoped that Cleomenes would introduce constitutional changes in their cities. Encouraged by this development, Cleomenes invaded Achaea and seized the cities of Pellene, Pheneus, and Penteleium.
  • January 228 BC: In 229 BC, Cleomenes took the important cities Tegea, Mantineia, Caphyae, and Orchomenus in Arcadia, who had by then allied themselves with the Aetolian League.
  • April 228 BC: Cleomenes advanced into Arcadia with 3,000 infantry and a few cavalry. However, he was called back by the ephors, and this retreat allowed Aratus to seize Caphyae as soon as Cleomenes returned to Laconia.
  • April 228 BC: The ephors sent Cleomenes out. He managed to capture the Megalopian city Methydrium.
  • January 226 BC: Cleomenese captured Heraea and Asea.
  • January 225 BC: In 226 BC, the citizens of Mantinea appealed to Cleomenes to expel the Achaeans from the city. One night, he and his troops crept into the citadel and removed the Achaean garrison before marching off to nearby Tegea.
  • January 225 BC: The Corinthians did surrender the city to Cleomenes of Sparta.

  • 2. Macedonian intervention


    Was a Macedonian military campaign against Sparta during the Cleomenean war.

  • January 222 BC: In the early spring of 223 BC, Antigonus advanced upon Tegea. He was joined there by the Achaeans and together they laid siege to it. The Tegeans held out for a few days before being forced to surrender by the Macedonians' siege weapons.
  • January 224 BC: Antigonus sent 1,500 men under the command of Aratus to sail to Epidaurus and, from there, he marched to Argos.
  • January 222 BC: Cleomenes of Sparta conquers Megalopolis.
  • January 222 BC: Antigonus of Macedonia proceeded to capture Mantinea, Heraea, and Telphusa, which confined Cleomenes to Laconia.
  • September 222 BC: The Battle of Sellasia took place during the summer of 222 BC between Macedon and the Achaean League, led by Antigonus III Doson, and Sparta under the command of King Cleomenes III. The battle was fought at Sellasia on the northern frontier of Laconia and ended in a Macedonian-Achaean victory. Antigonus' army occupied Sparta.

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