Expedition in Arabia Felix
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The governor of the Roman province of Egypt, Gaius Aelius Gallus, led an expedition to the southern Arabian Peninsula.
Chronology
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January 23 BC: The prefect of Egypt, Aelius Gallus, was sent by Augustus through Arabia Felix to the kingdom of Saba, with the aim of subduing the rich territories of the Arabs. He reached the city of Negrani (Najran Oasis), whose territory was peaceful and fertile, and whose king had fled, leaving the city to be occupied at the first assault. Immediately afterwards Gallus occupied the city called Asca (Pliny's Nasca in present-day Omrân), also abandoned by its king. From here he went to a city called Athrula, which he surrendered without setting any conditions. He continued his march again, advancing to the city called Marsiaba or Mariaba (present-day Ma'rib in Yemen), which belonged to the tribe of the Rhammanitae, whose king was a certain Ilasarus. The city was besieged for six days, but managed to hold out. Then he reached the locality of Hepta Phreatae. From here, marching through peaceful country, he came to a village called Chaalla, and again to another village called Malotha, which was near a river. He crossed a deserted country with few irrigated places, up to a village called Egra (or Egracômé), a locality located on the sea, in the territory of Oboda.
February 23 BC: The Romans leave Nagrani, Asca, Athrula, Marsiaba (only siege), Hepta Phretae, Malotha, Chaalla, Egra, Myoshormos, Coptos in the Arabian Peninsula, after a short occupation.
