First Punic War

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Was the first of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean. .

Chronology

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March 241 BC: Battle of the Aegates Islands: around 117 Carthaginian and 30 Roman ships (Diodorus) sunk in Roman victory, and Carthaginian survivors flee. Carthage evacuates Sicily.

January 255 BC: Tunisi conquered by Roman Republic.

January 263 BC: In the First Punic War it was at first dependent upon Carthage.

March 241 BC: After the death of the tyrant Phintias, Akragas passed under Carthaginian control.

June 255 BC: Carthage, having hired the Spartan mercenary Santippus to reorganize its forces, managed to stop the Roman advance. Xanthippos defeated Regulus in the battle of Tunis and captured him. The Roman invasion of Africa ended with a Carthaginian victory.

January 255 BC: Roman general Regulus defeated the Carthaginian army in the battle of Adys.

March 241 BC: After the treaty of protection that Syracuse signed with the Romans, Syracuse was allowed to retain only its city territory.

January 258 BC: The land conflict in -259 extended to Sardinia and Corsica, where the city of Alalia was conquered by the Roman Republic. This marked a significant expansion of Roman territory under the leadership of the Roman consul Gaius Sulpicius Paterculus and the Roman general Lucius Cornelius Scipio.

January 237 BC: After the first Punic war, the whole island was conquered by the Romans in the third century BC.

1. Invasion of Sicily

Was the Roman invasion of Sicily during the First Punic War.

January 260 BC: The Carthaginian forces shut themselves up in Agrigento, the city was besieged by the Romans who conquered it after seven months. Segesta allied with Rome.

January 263 BC: The city of Catania surrendered to the Roman Republic.

January 263 BC: The Romans protected the flank of the advance of the Carthaginians by conquering Adranon and besieging Centuripae, which surrendered.

January 262 BC: The Romans besiege Syracuse. Tyrabt Hiero II asks for peace and becomes an ally of Rome.

January 262 BC: By the treaty concluded by the Romans with Hieron II, king of Syracuse (270 - 215 BC), Akrai was included in the dominions of that monarch.

January 262 BC: When the Romans landed in Sicily in 263 BC the city allied with the invaders together with many other Sicilian cities.

January 262 BC: In 263 BC, as Diodorus Siculus recalls, together with Akrai, Leontinoi, Megara Iblea, Netum and Tauromenion, Heloron was part of the possessions recognized by the Romans, engaged in the First Punic War, to Hiero II of Syracuse.

January 260 BC: Enna and Halaesa surrender to Rome.

January 257 BC: The city of Hippana was destroyed by the Romans commanded by the consul Aulus Atilius Calatino in 258 BC, during the First Punic War.

January 257 BC: Mytistratos was at length taken by the consul Aulus Atilius Calatinus in 258 BC.

January 253 BC: The Romans besiege and take Panormus (Palermo) on the northern coast of Sicily

January 250 BC: During the First Punic War, Carthaginian general Hanno reinforced the garrison in Sicily and successfully retook the city of Agrigento in -251. This victory was part of Carthage's efforts to maintain control over the island and push back against Roman advances.

January 248 BC: During the First Punic War, the Roman consul Junius Pullo faced a setback when his fleet was lost to a storm. However, he was able to overcome this by successfully capturing the strategic city of Erice in -249, further solidifying Roman control in Sicily.

January 244 BC: It was not until after the fall of Panormus (modern Palermo) in 254 BC that Tyndaris expelled the Carthaginian garrison and joined the Roman alliance.

January 241 BC: The Romans managed to occupy Draepanum (today's Trapani).

January 240 BC: After the Battle of the Aegates Islands, Rome controlled the whole island of Sicily.