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Was a war between the Kingdom of France and the Dutch Republic.
Chronology
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August 1674: In Northern Europe, the French under the command of King Louis XIV recaptured the Franche-Comté by July 1674. This territory was previously under Spanish control and was strategically important for France's military expansion in the region.
November 1676: The French captured the city of Kehl.
January 1677: Imperial forces recaptured Philippsburg in September 1676.
March 1676: The French captured Ypres and Ghent in early March.
August 1699: The French army leaves Kehl.
August 1698: The French army leaves Freiburg.
Was the French invasion of the Dutch Republic during the Franco-Dutch War.
June 1672: Battle of Tolhuis.
October 1673: In September 1673, William of Orange recaptured Naarden from the French forces during the Franco-Dutch War. Naarden was a strategic fortress town in the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
June 1672: The French army, led by King Louis XIV, captured the fortress of Naarden in 1672 during the Franco-Dutch War. This military occupation was part of France's larger campaign to expand its territory and influence in Europe.
June 1672: Grol conquered by france.
December 1673: Münster and Cologne left the war in November. With the war expanding into the Rhineland and Spain, French troops withdrew from the Dutch Republic, retaining only Grave and Maastricht.
June 1672: In 1672, during the Franco-Dutch War, French forces under the command of King Louis XIV occupied the forts of Tongeren, Maaseik, and Valkenburg.
June 1672: French forces conquer Burick.
June 1672: In 1672, during the Franco-Dutch War, King Louis XIV of France delayed the capture of Zutphen to allow his brother, Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, to take control of the territory. This military occupation was part of France's larger campaign against the Dutch Republic.
June 1672: The council of Utrecht, led by Mayor Hendrick Moreelse, surrendered to Henri Louis d'Aloigny, Marquis de Rochefort, to prevent the city from being plundered during the Franco-Dutch War. William of Orange retreated his forces on 18 June 1672.
June 1672: King Louis XIV of France besieged Doesburg.
July 1672: The French intimidated the garrison of Coevorden into a quick surrender.
July 1672: Nijmegen had been taken on 9 July by the French under the command of King Louis XIV and his military general, Marshal Turenne, during the Franco-Dutch War. The city remained under French military occupation until the Treaty of Nijmegen was signed in 1678.
July 1672: The Siege of Groningen in 1672 was part of the Franco-Dutch War. The French forces, led by Marshal Luxembourg, besieged the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. The city eventually surrendered after a month-long siege, leading to its occupation by France.
June 1673: The primary French objective in 1673 was the capture of Maastricht, a strategic city controlled by the Dutch Republic. The French forces, led by King Louis XIV and Marshal Vauban, successfully besieged the city, which surrendered on 30 June, leading to its annexation by the Kingdom of France.
July 1672: During the Franco-Dutch War, French military leader Turenne was captured near 's-Hertogenbosch while attacking Fort Crèvecœur in 1672. This event marked a significant victory for the French forces in their campaign against the Dutch Republic.
November 1672: In 1672, during the Franco-Dutch War, the Dutch forces led by Stadtholder William III retook Coevorden and liberated the province of Drenthe from the French occupation.
June 1672: The province of Overijssel surrendered as a whole to the bishop of Münster, Bernard von Galen. Von Galen's troops plundered towns on the west side of the IJssel, such as Hattem, Elburg and Harderwijk, on 21 June.
Was a war that saw Denmark and Brandenburg-Prussia fight against Sweden.
2.1.Swedish-Brandenburg War
Was the fight between Brandenburg-Prussia and Sweden in the first part of the Scanian War, when Swedeish troops invaded Brandenburg.
August 1675: The remnants of the Swedish left the occupied territories in Brandenburg and went back to Swedish Pomerania.
December 1674: In 1674, during the Scanian War, Swedish troops led by King Charles XI marched through Pasewalk and invaded the Uckermark region in Brandenburg, Germany. This military occupation was part of Sweden's campaign against the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.
June 1675: The Brandenburg army reached Rathenow.
March 1675: At the end of January 1675, Carl Gustav Wrangel assembled his forces near Prenzlau and, on 4 February, crossed the Oder with his main body heading for Pomerania and Neumark. Swedish troops occupied Stargard in Pommern, Landsberg, Neustettin, Kossen and Züllichau.
May 1675: Löcknitz, a town in Pomerania, was captured by the Swedish Army in 1675. The fortified castle, held by Colonel Götz and his 180-man garrison, surrendered after a day of shelling. This event was part of the ongoing conflict between Sweden and the Holy Roman Empire during the Scanian War.
June 1675: The Battle of Nauen in 1675 was part of the Scanian War between Sweden and Brandenburg-Prussia. The Swedish rearguard, led by General Rutowski, clashed with the Brandenburg vanguard, led by General von Spaen, resulting in the recapture of the town by Brandenburg-Prussia.
June 1675: A majority of the March of Brandenburg was in Swedish hands.
June 1675: Following the capture of Löcknitz, the Swedes pushed rapidly south and occupied Neustadt, Wriezen and Bernau. .
June 1675: The Battle of Fehrbellin was fought on June 18, 1675 (Julian calendar date, June 28th, Gregorian), between Swedish and Brandenburg-Prussian troops.
July 1675: Havelland including Havelberg is occupied by Swedish troops.
2.2.Bremen-Verden campaign
Was the invasion of Bremen-Verden (at the time part of Sweden) by an alliance of countries led by Denmark during the Scanian War.
October 1675: Joint forces from Münster, Bremen, Lüneburg and Denmark captured Bremervörde.
October 1675: The capture of Buxtehude by the Allies in 1675 was part of the Scanian War. The Allies included forces from Münster, Bremen, Lüneburg, and Denmark.
January 1675: In 1675, during the Scanian War, the Allies consisting of Münster, Bremen, Lüneburg, and Denmark invaded Carlsburg.
October 1675: Ottersberg captured by Münster troops.
August 1676: The Swedes surrendered to Münster, Bremen, Lüneburg and Denmark in Stade.
September 1675: Landing of Brandenburg troops at Carlsburg.
2.3.Invasion of Swedish Pomerania by Brandenburg-Prussia
Was the invasion of Swedish Pomerania by Brandenburg-Prussia during the Scanian War.
October 1675: Brandenburgian forces cross the Peene near Gützkow and advance northwards to sack Damgarten.
November 1675: Imperial and Brandenburgian forces retreat from Swedish Pomerania via the Recknitz river.
November 1678: In 1678, Greifswald and all of Swedish Pomerania, except for Rügen, were lost to Denmark and Brandenburg. This marked the end of Sweden's presence on the continent, with the territory going to Swedish Pomerania.
January 1676: Combined Brandenburgian, Danish and Imperial forces advance towards Greifswald via Tribsees and Grimmen.
October 1675: Brandenburgian forces occupy Swedish Wollin and Usedom and reach the Peene river at Völschow.
October 1678: Stralsund, a city in Pomerania, fell on October 11, 1678, during the Scanian War. The city was besieged by the forces of King Charles XI of Sweden and eventually surrendered to Brandenburg-Prussia under the command of Field Marshal Hans Adam von Schöning.
October 1675: Brandenburgian forces occupy Tribsees.
August 1676: Siege and sack of Anklam by Brandenburgian and Imperial forces.
October 1676: Siege and sack of Demmin.
January 1678: In December 1677, the elector of Brandenburg captured Stettin.
November 1678: All Swedish Pomerania occupied by Denmark (Rügen) and Brandenburg.
2.4.Scanian Theatre (Scanian War)
Was the Scanian theatre of war in southern Sweden during the Scanian War.
June 1676: Seizure of Helsingborg.
July 1677: Battle of Landskrona.
July 1676: In a month's time only the fortified town of Malmö remained under Swedish control.
December 1676: Battle of Lund.
August 1678: After facing the whole Swedish army on the plain west of Kristianstad Christian V opted not to give battle but to retreat back to Landskrona and evacuate all his troops from Scania.
2.5.Gyldenløve War
Was a Norwegian invasion of Sweden led by its Governor-General Ulrik Frederick Gyldenløve.
September 1677: Norwegian forces of 2,000 men, led by General Reinhold von Hoven and General Christian Shultz retook formerly Norwegian Jämtland.
January 1677: Norwegian army took and fortified the pass at Kvistrum.
January 1677: Norwegian army took Uddevalla.
January 1677: In 1676, during the Scanian War, Swedish forces led by Gyldenløve attacked Vänersborg, but were met with strong resistance. Despite the efforts of Swedish defenders, Gyldenløve's forces ultimately captured the territory, which then fell under Danish-Norwegian military occupation.
August 1677: The successful recapture of Scania allowed Norwegian troops to regain formerly Norwegian Bohuslän. Gyldenløve captured the fortress at Marstrand in July and joined forces with General Løvenhjelm.
2.6.Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Was a peace treaty between France and the Electorate of Brandenburg at the end of the Scanian War.
July 1679: The Treaty or Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679) restored to France's ally Sweden her dominions Bremen-Verden and Swedish Pomerania, lost to Brandenburg in the Scanian War.
July 1679: The strip of land on the east side of the Oder, except for Gollnow and Altdamm, was given to Brandenburg.
2.7.Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679)
Was a peace treaty between Denmark-Norway and Sweden at the end of the Scanian War.
September 1679: In 1679, Denmark, under pressure from France, returned all territories it had occupied during the war to Sweden. This decision was influenced by the Treaty of Lund, signed by King Charles XI of Sweden and King Christian V of Denmark.
Were a series of treaties that ended various interconnected wars, notably the Franco-Dutch War.
August 1678: Spain ceded Franche-Comté to France with the Treaty of Nijmegen of 1678.
August 1678: With the Peace of Nijmegen France gained further territories of the Spanish Netherlands, adding to those it had annexed under the 1659 Peace of the Pyrenees and 1668 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. These included the town of Saint-Omer with the remaining northwestern part of the former Imperial County of Artois, the lands of Cassel, Aire and Ypres in southwestern Flanders, the Bishopric of Cambrai and the towns of Valenciennes and Maubeuge in the southern County of Hainaut.
September 1678: Peace of Nijmegen
September 1678: By the Treaty of Nijmegen of 1678, Spain relinquished Cambrai, which has remained as a part of France, to this day.
January 1678: Valenciennes was formally ceded to France in the Peace of Nijmegen.
August 1678: France returned Charleroi, Ghent and other towns to the Spanish Netherlands.
August 1678: Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I had to accept the French occupation of the towns of Freiburg and Kehl.
September 1678: France took Alsace (in 1648), Franche-Comté (in 1678 during the Franco-Dutch War) and Strasbourg (in 1681).
January 1679: Weissenburg made part of France.
January 1679: The castle of Lichtenberg was conquered by troops of Louis XIV in 1678 and came under French sovereignty, as did almost the entire left bank of the Rhine in the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg.
Selected Sources
Frost, R. I. (2000): The Northern Wars: War, State and Society in Northeastern Europe 1558-1721, London (UK), p. 210
Panhuysen, L. (2009): Rampjaar 1672: Hoe de Republiek aan de ondergang ontsnapte, Uitgeverij Atlas
Franco-Dutch War
