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Were two major wars between China and Japan in the XIX and XX centuries.
Chronology
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Was a conflict between China and Japan primarily over influence in Korea.
1.1.Invasion of Korea
Was the Japanese invasion of Korea during the First Sino-Japanese War.
September 1894: Battle of Pyongyang (1894).
July 1894: In 1894, Japanese troops led by General Yasumasa Fukushima occupied Seoul during the First Sino-Japanese War. This military occupation marked the beginning of Japan's increasing influence and control over Korea.
July 1894: Battle of Seonghwan.
June 1894: First of about 4,000 Japanese soldiers and 500 marines land at Jemulpo (Incheon).
October 1894: The city of Antung, the regional capital, was occupied the following day without any resistance and placed under Japanese civil administration.
1.2.Invasion of Mainland China
Was the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and Shandong during the First Sino-Japanese War.
November 1894: Battle of Lushunkou.
March 1895: Battle of Yingkou.
February 1895: Battle of Weihaiwei.
1.3.Treaty of Shimonoseki
Was a treaty signed in Shimonoseki, Japan on April 17, 1895, between the Empire of Japan and Qing China, ending the First Sino-Japanese War.
April 1895: The Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed on 17 April 1895 by representatives of the Qing Dynasty and the Empire of Japan. It marked the end of the First Sino-Japanese War and resulted in Korea being ceded to the Qing Dynasty.
April 1895: They Qings ceded the Liaodong Peninsula, Taiwan and Penghu Islands to Japan.
1.4.Triple Intervention
Was a diplomatic intervention by Russia, Germany, and France on 23 April 1895 over the harsh terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki imposed by Japan on the Qing dynasty of China that ended the First Sino-Japanese War.
April 1895: The ceding of Liaodong peninsula was rescinded after the Triple Intervention of 23 April 1895 by Russia, France and Germany. In the aftermath of this intervention, the Russian government pressured the Qing dynasty to lease Liaodong and the strategically important Lüshunkou (Port Arthur) for use by the Russian Navy.
Was a military conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater of the wider Pacific Theater of the Second World War.
September 1937: Japan occupied Beigan and Nangan via the Collaborationist Chinese Army, making the islands the first in Fujian to fall to Japan.
January 1944: Territorial change based on available maps.
January 1938: Japan occupied Kinmen County.
October 1939: Baotou was under japanese control.
January 1941: During the Chinese Civil War and the Sino-Japanaese War, the territory controlled by Tibet increased.
2.1.Japanese invasion of Manchuria
The Japanese Army invaded Manchuria in 1931 following the Mukden Incident. At the end of the invasion in February 1932, the Japanese established the puppet state of Manchukuo.
November 1931: On 17 November, in subzero weather, 3,500 Japanese troops, under the command of General Jirō Tamon, mounted an attack, forcing General Ma from Tsitsihar by 19 November.
January 1932: The Japanese occupied Shanhaiguan completing their military takeover of southern Manchuria.
February 1932: Japanese forces took Harbin on 4 February 1932.
October 1931: The Mukden Incident, or Manchurian Incident, was an event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the Japanese invasion in 1931 of northeastern China. Under orders from Lieutenant General Jirō Tamon, troops of the 2nd Division moved up the rail line and captured virtually every city along its 730-mile length in a matter of days, occupying Anshan, Haicheng, Kaiyuan, Tiehling, Fushun, Szeping-Chieh, Changchun, Kuanchengtzu, Yingkou, Antung, and Penhsihu.
January 1932: Japanese forces occupied Chinchow on 3 January 1932, after the Chinese defenders retreated without giving combat.
March 1932: Manchukuo was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia from 1932 until 1945.
2.1.1.Jinzhou Operation
Was an operation in 1931 during the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Japanese forces occupied Jinzhou on January 3, 1932.
January 1932: Japanese forces occupied Jinzhou.
2.1.2.Jiangqiao Campaign
Was an operation in 1931 during the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
November 1932: On November 18, Ma (China) evacuated Qiqihar.
2.2.Defense of the Great Wall
Was a military campaign where Japan successfully captured the Inner Mongolian province of Rehe from the Chinese warlord Zhang Xueliang, and incorporated it into the newly created state of Manchukuo.
May 1933: Dolon Nor and Guyuan were taken over by the Kuomintang forces.
March 1933: End of Chinese resistence in Manchuria.
May 1933: In April 1933, collaborationist General Liu Guitang, under Japanese orders, crossed into southeastern Chahar province in the Dolonor region, as a diversionary feint to draw off Chinese reinforcements to the Great Wall. Finding little resistance, Liu then led his 3,000 troops further east toward Changpei.
February 1933: On February 25, Chaoyang and Kailu were taken by the Japanese.
April 1933: The advancing Japanese forces approached Miyun.
May 1933: The Chinese army retreated from their remaining positions on the Great Wall.
March 1933: Japanese troops pushed up to the Great Wall itself.
April 1933: Japanese troops retook Lengkou Pass after dozens of seesaw fights over the pass defenses and Chinese forces at Jielingkou abandoned that pass.
June 1933: Kangbao fell under Japanese military occupation.
March 1933: Japanese cavalry and the 1st Special Tank Company took Chengde the capital of Rehe.
March 1933: The Japanese 4th Cavalry Brigade encountered resistance from the forces of Sun Dianying, and after days of fighting, took Chifeng.
April 1933: The Kuomintang 29th Corps evacuated from Xifengkou Pass.
May 1933: Tanggu Truce: the Chinese government was forced to acknowledge the de facto independence of Manchukuo and the loss of Rehe.
2.3.Actions in Inner Mongolia
Was a Japanese military campaign in Inner Mongolia, part of the Japanese invasion of northern China during the Sino-Japanese War.
2.3.1.Campaign of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army
Was a military offensive by the Kuomintang against the invading Japanese army in Inner Mongolia, during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
June 1933: The Northern corps recaptured Baochang.
July 1933: The Chinese re-captured Dolonnur on July 12, effectively driving the Japanese-Manchukuo armies out of Chahar province.
September 1933: Miyun was occupied by the Kuomintang.
September 1933: Chinese general Fang Zhenwu attacked and occupied Gaoliying.
June 1933: The Manchukuo force under General Cui Xingwu fled, allowing the Chinese forces to re-occupy the town of Kangbao.
2.3.2.Suiyuan Campaign
Was a Japanese military campaign in the Suiyuan province of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
November 1936: A Chinese counterattack surprised the invaders and led to a disorganized retreat back to their headquarters at Bailingmiao.
November 1936: The first contact between Nationalist and Inner Mongolian forces occurred at the town of Hongort on 14 November.
2.4.Full Scale Invasion of China (Second Sino-Japanese War)
Was the first Japanese campaign of the full scale invasion of China after the occupation of Manchuria, during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The campaign led to the military occupation of many important Chinese cities, including Shanghai, Nanjing and Kaifeng.
December 1937: Battle of Nanjing.
November 1937: Battle of Taiyuan.
June 1937: On June 6, the Japanese captured Kaifeng.
October 1938: The Japanese captured Wuhan, forcing the KMT to retreat to Chongqing.
May 1938: Battle of Xuzhou.
September 1937: Sporadic skirmishing soon escalated into a full-scale battle in which Beijing and its port city of Tianjin fell to Japanese forces (July-August 1937).
2.4.1.Battle of Shanghai
Was a battle between China and Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War resulting in the Japanese occupation of Shanghai.
November 1937: Jinshanwei conquered by japan.
August 1937: The SEF, led by Iwane Matsui, landed in Liuhe, Wusong, and Chuanshakou.
November 1937: Battle of Shanghai.
October 1937: Dachang finally fell to Japanese forces.
August 1937: On August 22, the Japanese 3rd, 8th, and 11th Divisions made an amphibious assault under the cover of naval bombardment and proceeded to land in Chuanshakou, towns on the northeast coast some fifty kilometers away from downtown Shanghai.
September 1937: On September 6 Baoshan fell to the Japanese.
2.5.Battle of Beiping-Tianjin
Was a series of battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War fought in the proximity of Beiping (now Beijing) and Tianjin.
July 1937: General Zhang Zizhong was ordered to withdraw toward Machang and Yangliuching south of Tianjin, abandoning the city and Taku Forts to the Japanese.
August 1937: Beiping was captured by the Japanese without further resistance.
2.6.Operation Chahar
Was a Japanese military operation against China that took place near Beiping during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
August 1937: Kalgan fell to the Japanese on August 27.
August 1937: A Japanese attack on August 11, supported by tanks and aircraft, took Nankou Station.
2.7.Battle of Taiyuan
Was a battle between China and Japan that took place in the Chinese region of Shanxi during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
October 1937: The city of Datong fell to the Japanese..
November 1937: The Japanese outflanked Niangziguan in late October, compromising the Chinese defense resulting in the fall of Taiyuan.
2.7.1.Battle of Xinkou
Was a military engagement between China and Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
October 1937: Gouxian fall into Japanese hands.
October 1937: The 20th division of the Japanese army captured Jingxing.
November 1937: The Japanese troops captured Shouyang.
2.8.Tianjin-Pukou Railway Operation
Was a follow up operation to the Battle of Beiping-Tianjin of the Japanese army in North China at the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
December 1937: The Japanese advance stopped at Jinan on the Yellow River after majority of the participating Japanese forces were redirected for the Battle of Taiyuan.
2.9.Battle of Nanking
Was fought in early December 1937 during the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army for control of Nanking (Nanjing), the capital of the Republic of China.
December 1937: On December 10 Matsui ordered an all-out attack on Nanking, and after less than two days of intense fighting Chiang decided to abandon the city.
2.10.Beiping-Hankou Railway Operation
Was a follow up to the Battle of Beiping-Tianjin of the Japanese army in North China at the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
January 1938: The Japanese advanced to the south along the Beiping-Hankou Railway until the Yellow River, capturing Linfen along the way.
2.11.Battle of Xuzhou
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in May 1938 during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
February 1938: Qingdao was occupied in January 1938 by Japan.
April 1938: In March 1938 Japanese forces occupied the north of Shandong, including the capital city Jinan.
2.12.Amoy Operation
Was part of a campaign by Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War to prevent China from communicating with the outside world and importing needed arms and materials.
May 1938: Japan started a blockade of China to prevent it from communicating with the outside world and importing needed arms and materials. Control of Amoy Island provided a base to make the blockade of Fujian province more effective.
2.13.Battle of Wuhan
Was a large-scale battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War that took place in the area of Wuhan.
September 1938: Guangji, a city in China, was captured by Japanese forces on 6 September 1938.
June 1938: Ruichang was captured on the 24th by the Japanese.
August 1938: The Japanese breached the Chinese 51st Army's defensive line and captured Liuan.
October 1938: The Japanese Army captured Wuchang and Hankou.
September 1938: The Tianjia Town Fort was captured by the Japanese.
September 1938: The Japanese 2nd Army captured Xinyang.
September 1938: Wuxue was lost to the Japanese.
June 1938: The Japanese made a naval landing and captured Anqing.
June 1938: The Kuomintang could not repel the landing force of the Japanese 106th Division from capturing Jiujiang on the 26th.
August 1938: The Chinese recaptured Taihu on 27 August.
September 1938: Guangji was recovered by the Chinese 4th Corps.
September 1938: The Japanese 10th Division defeated the Chinese 17th Group Army and 45th Army, capturing Lushan.
October 1938: The Japanese captured Hanyang on the 27th concluding the campaign in Wuhan.
August 1938: Japanese forces captured Wuhan.
August 1938: The Japanese 6th Division breached the defensive lines of Chinese 31st and 68th Army on 24 July and captured Taihu, Susong, and Huangmei counties on 3 August.
August 1938: Susong County conquered by Kuomintang.
September 1938: On 6 September 1938, Japanese forces captured Gushi.
September 1938: On 16 September, the Japanese captured Shangcheng.
October 1938: Guangzhou fell to the Japanese on 21 October.
October 1938: On 24 October, the Japanese occupied Macheng.
2.14.Hainan Island Operation
Was a Japanese military operation against China that took place in the area of Hainan during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
February 1939: Japanese Navy land combat units effected a landing at Haikou at 1200.
February 1939: Japanese land combat units landed at Samah (Sanya) in Hainan Island.
February 1939: Japanese units engaged in the occupation and subjugation of the entire island of Hainan.
2.15.Battle of Nanchang
Was a military campaign fought around Nanchang, Jiangxi, between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army and the Japanese Imperial Japanese Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War.
March 1939: The strategic location of Wucheng, located at where Xiushui River enters Poyang Lake, sustained heavy naval bombardment and airstrikes by the Japanese navy and fell shortly after to the Special Naval Landing Forces on 23 March.
March 1939: The city of Nanchang fell to the Japanese.
2.16.Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in northern Hubei during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
May 1939: The Japanese 13th and 16th Divisions broke through Chinese 77th Corps' defensive lines, and successfully captured Zaoyang.
May 1939: Two Japanese divisions captured Tanghe, Nanyang and Xinye.
2.17.Swatow Operation
Was a Japanese military operation against China that took place in the area of Shantou during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
June 1939: The Japanese advancing from the west captured Chaochow after heavy street fighting.
June 1939: They Chinese fell back to the Yenfu-Meihsi line.
2.18.Battle of Changsha (1939)
Was the first of four attempts by Japan to take the city of Changsha, Hunan, during the second Sino-Japanese War.
September 1939: After fierce fighting, the Chinese defending forces abandoned Gao'an to the Japanese.
September 1939: Japanese troops launched an offensive on Changsha.
September 1939: Cunqianjie conquered by Kuomintang.
September 1939: The Kuomintang retook Gao'an in a counterattack on 22 September.
September 1939: Japanese forces drove the Chinese out of the Xinqiang river area.
October 1939: By 10 October, Chinese forces had completely regained their former territories in northern Hunan Province, southern Hubei Province and northern Jiangxi Province.
2.19.Battle of South Guangxi
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in southern Guangxi during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
December 1940: By November 1940, Japanese forces had evacuated from Guangxi except from some coastal enclaves.
December 1939: In November 1939, the Japanese landed on the coast of Guangxi and captured Nanning.
2.20.1939-40 Winter Offensive
Was a failed Japanese military operation against China that took place in central China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
January 1940: On January 20 and 24 Chinese forces cut the Han-Chang Highway northeast of Changzhi, capturing Licheng and Dongyangguan.
February 1940: Linhe conquered by japan.
December 1939: Beishe, southeast of Wenxi, was cleared of Japanese troops.
January 1940: Japanese conquest of Longxian.
January 1940: Under counterattack by the Chinese, the Japanese fell back to Xiaoshan.
December 1939: The 8th War Area, after a see-saw campaign, had succeeded in rolling the Japanese back to Baotou in the Battle of Wuyuan.
January 1940: Conghua is occupied by the Kuomintang.
February 1940: Wu-yuan fell to Japanese forces on February 3.
January 1940: Qingtang conquered by Kuomintang.
December 1939: A Kuomintang division entered Kaifeng.
January 1940: The Chinese 4th Division recovered Hua-shan.
January 1940: A Chinese force captured Lucheng, but bitter fighting continued with Japanese forces east of the town.
January 1940: The Chinese 14th Division of 54th Corps recovered Pajiangkou.
January 1940: Wangdian and the heights in front of the 29th Army group were captured by the Japanese.
December 1939: On the 15th the Japanese recovered Yang-liu-ho.
December 1939: The Kuomintang took Hangchow, Fuyang and Yu-hang on the night.
January 1940: After routing the Japanese force coming from Longxian on January 1, the Chinese 54th Corps recaptured that town on the 2nd.
January 1940: Guandu fell to the Kuomintang on the 4th.
January 1940: The Chinese 2nd Provisional Corps laid siege to Yingde and took it on the 5th.
January 1940: A counterattack by the 55th Division of the Republic of China recovered Wangdian.
January 1940: Yinzhan'ao fell to the Kuomintang on January 16th.
April 1940: A guerrilla force and cavalry column recaptured Wuyuan.
2.21.Battle of Wuyuan
Was a Chinese counterattack that defeated the Japanese invasion of the Wuyuan area.
April 1940: Chinese cavalry recovered Xishanzui as the Japanese retreated to the east.
April 1940: Conghua is occupied by the Kuomintang.
March 1940: The Kuomintang Captured the city of Wuyuan.
March 1940: Wuyuan again fell to the Japanese on the 26th.
2.22.Battle of Zaoyang-Yichang
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China forces in Hubei during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
June 1940: Yichang was occupied by Japan.
2.23.Japanese invasion of French Indochina
Was the Japanese invasion and occupation of French Indochina.
August 1945: The Empire of Vietnam was reintegrated into French Indochina on August 23, 1945.
September 1945: During the August Revolution following World War II, Vietnamese communist revolutionary Hồ Chí Minh, leader of the Việt Minh, declared independence from French Indochina on 2 September 1945, announcing the creation of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
September 1940: The French position at the railhead at Lạng Sơn was surrounded by Japanese armour and forced to surrender on 25 September.
September 1940: Japan took possession of Gia Lam Airbase outside Hanoi, the rail marshaling yard on the Yunnan border at Lao Cai, and Phu Lang Thuong on the railway from Hanoi to Lạng Sơn, and stationed 900 troops in the port of Haiphong and 600 more in Hanoi.
September 1941: In August 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army entered the French protectorate of Cambodia and established a garrison that numbered 8,000 troops. Despite their military presence, the Japanese authorities allowed the cooperating Vichy French colonial officials to remain at their administrative posts.
August 1945: The Republic of China occupied Guangzhouwan following the surrender of Japan and France formally retroceded it with the Chungking Convention.
October 1945: The French were able to reimpose the colonial administration in Phnom Penh.
August 1945: After the dropping of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan accepts the Allied unconditional surrender terms (14 August 1945). Japanese forces leave occupied territories.
2.23.1.Annexation of southern french indochina
Was the Japanese occupation of southern Indochina during World War II.
August 1941: In July 1941 the Japanese occupied the Southern half of Vietnaam as well.
2.23.2.Japanese coup d'etat
Was the creation of the Empire of Vietnam, a short-lived puppet state of Imperial Japan during World War II.
March 1945: The Empire of Vietnam was a short-lived puppet state of Imperial Japan.
March 1945: The young King Norodom Sihanouk proclaimed an independent Kingdom of Kampuchea.
April 1945: The staunchly pro-French King Sisavang Vong was imprisoned and forced by the Japanese, and at much urging from Prince Phetsarath, into declaring the French protectorate over his kingdom over while accepting the nation into the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere on 8 April 1945.
2.23.3.French reconquest of Laos
Was the French reconquest of Laos from Japanese occupation at the end of World War II.
May 1945: The French entered the Laotian capital of Vientiane towards the end of April 1946, freeing French prisoners with a French-Lao force supported by Prince Boun Oum of Champasak.
June 1945: By May the French had reached Luang Prabang and the Lao Issara fled in exile to Thailand.
2.24.Battle of South Shanxi
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in Shanxi during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
May 1941: The Kuomintang troops had to abandon their mountainous bases in Southern Shanxi and lost control of several communication routes.
2.25.Battle of Changsha (1942)
Was a failed Japanese military operation against China that took place in the area of Changsha during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
January 1942: The Japanese occupy Changsha.
January 1942: Chinese forces are able to drive out the enemy from the Changsha area of Hunan Province.
2.26.Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road
Was a Chinese intervention to aid their British allies in the 1942 Japanese invasion of Burma.
March 1942: Pyu, a town in Burma, fell to the Japanese.
2.26.1.Battle of Oktwin
Was one of the key battles in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in the Burma Campaign of World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War.
March 1942: The Chinese held their ground in Oktwin until nightfall and fell back to the main defensive line at Toungoo on March 24.
2.26.2.Battle of Toungoo
Was one of the key battles in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in the Burma Campaign of World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War.
March 1942: The Battle of Toungoo was one of the key battles in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in the Burma Campaign of World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War.
2.26.3.Battle of Yenangyaung
Was one of the key battles in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in the Burma Campaign of World War II and Second Sino-Japanese War.
April 1942: The Allied forces were too weak to hold the area of Yenangyaung, which they left.
2.27.Battle of Changde
Was a military engagement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in the area of Changde during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
November 1943: Fang Xianjue's 10th Corps (Kuomintang) successfully retook Deshan.
December 1943: Depleted of food and ammunition, the Japanese retreated from Changde.
November 1943: The Japanese 13th Division, with aid from collaborators, drove south and broke through the defensive lines of the Chinese 10th and the 29th Group Armies.
December 1943: The city of Changde fell to the Japanese control.
2.28.Operation Ichi-Go
Was a major Japanese military operation in southern China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
May 1944: The Japanese 3rd Tank Division began to attack Luoyang on May 13 and took it on May 25.
January 1945: In December 1944, Japanese forces reached French Indochina.
2.28.1.Battle of Changsha (1944)
Was an invasion of the Chinese province of Hunan by Japanese troops near the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
July 1944: Changsha was lost to the Japanese.
August 1944: The Japanese captured the Chinese Tenth Corps commander Fang Xianjue, who surrendered Hengyang.
2.28.2.Battle of Guilin-Liuzhou
Was a battle between China and Japan that took place in Guangxi, during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
August 1944: After 10 days of intense fighting, the Japanese occupied Guilin, and on the same day entered Liuzhou as well.
November 1944: The Japanese were in control of 75 counties in Guangxi, roughly 2/3 its area.
2.28.3.Battle of Mount Song
Was a Chinese military campaign against Japanese occupation in Yunnan, during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
September 1944: Chinese Nationalist forces retake Mount Song.
2.29.Battle of West Hunan
Was the Japanese invasion of west Hunan and the subsequent Allied counterattack that occurred between 6 April and 7 June 1945, during the last months of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
April 1945: The first part of the Japanese Henan offensive, which began on March 21 with an attack against western Henan and northern Hubei, was a success: the Japanese managed to take control of several air bases, depriving the Chinese of the possibility of receive airborne reinforcements.
2.30.Second Guangxi campaign
Was a Chinese counter offensive to retake the last major Japanese stronghold in Guangxi province, South China during April-August 1945.
August 1945: Japanese troops surrender in Guangxi.
August 1945: The Chinese fully regained control of Jiangxi.
Selected Sources
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p. 12
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.34
Williams, M.H. (1989): United States army in World War II - Special Studies - Chronology 1941-1945, p.551
Sino-Japanese Wars
