Sino-Russian border conflicts
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Were a series of intermittent skirmishes between the Qing dynasty of China and the Tsardom of Russia in which the latter tried and failed to gain the land north of the Amur River.
Chronology
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January 1650: In 1649 Yerofei Khabarov found a better route to the upper Amur and quickly returned to Yakutsk where he recommended that a larger force be sent to conquer the region. He returned the same year and built winter quarters at Albazin at the northernmost point on the river. He occupied the Daur's fort Albazin after subduing the Daurs led by Arbaši.
April 1654: Battle of Hutong.
January 1659: By 1658 the Chinese had wiped out the Russians below Nerchinsk and the deserted land became a haven for outlaws.
May 1858: On 28 May 1858, the Treaty of Aigun was signed by China and Russia to revise the border as determined by the Nerchinsk Treaty in 1689. Russia gained the left bank of the Amur River.
June 1643: In 1643, the native tribes of the Amour region submitted to the Qing Empire, under the rule of Emperor Hong Taiji.
September 1650: The Russians sailed down the Amur and built a fort at Achansk.
January 1656: Russian Tsardom has established a "military governor of the Amur region".
January 1666: In 1665 Nikifor Chernigovsky murdered the voyvoda of Ilimsk and fled to the Amur and reoccupied the fort at Albazin, which became the center of a petty kingdom which he named Jaxa.
January 1673: In 1672 Albazin received the Czar's pardon and was officially recognized.
January 1687: Most of the Russians withdrew to Nerchinsk, but a few joined the Qing, becoming the Albazin Cossacks at Peking. The Chinese withdrew from the area, but the Russians, hearing of this, returned with 800 men under Aleksei Tolbuzin and reoccupied the fort. .
August 1689: In 1689, by the Treaty of Nerchinsk, the Russians abandoned the whole Amur country including Albazin. The frontier was established as the Argun River and the Stanovoy Range.
August 1689: The Treaty of Nerchinsk of 1689 was the first treaty between Russia and China under the Qing dynasty. The Russians gave up the area north of the Amur River as far as the Stanovoy Range and kept the area between the Argun River and Lake Baikal.
May 1654: Battle of Hutong.
January 1686: Siege of Albazin (1685).
