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Was a period of political instability that followed the death of Pharaoh Ramesses XI and coincided with the Late Bronze Age collapse.
Chronology
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January 1068 BC: During the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt, a separate dynasty (the XXII Dynasty) ruled over Bubastis.
January 833 BC: Egypt quickly fragmented after Rudamun's death, with the rise of local city states under kings such as Peftjaubast of Herakleopolis, Nimlot of Hermopolis, and Ini at Thebes. He is believed to have ascended to the throne of a divided Egypt in either 845 BC or 834 BC.
January 814 BC: After the death of Rudamun, the final pharaoh of the Twenty-third Dynasty of Egyp, his kingdom quickly fragmented with the rise of local city states such as Peftjaubast of Herakleopolis and Nimlot of Hermopolis.
January 814 BC: Rise of local city states under kings such as Peftjaubast of Herakleopolis.
With the disintegration of the New Kingdom around 1070 BC, Kush became an independent kingdom centered at Napata in modern northern Sudan.
January 1069 BC: With the disintegration of the so-called New Kingdom of Egypt around 1070 BC, Kush became an independent kingdom centered at Napata in modern northern Sudan.
Was a war of Ancient Egypt against Assyria for the domain of the Levant.
January 852 BC: Egypt failed in a further expansionist attempt in the Near East. Pharaoh Osorkon II, flanked by numerous allies such as Persia, Israel, Hama, Phenicia, Canaanite, the Arabs, the Arameans and the Neo-Hittites, fought in the battle of Qarqar against the powerful Assyrian king Salmanassar III (853 BC). The coalition was defeated and the Assyrian Empire continued to dominate the Levant.
February 852 BC: Egypt failed in a further expansionist attempt in the Near East. Pharaoh Osorkon II, flanked by numerous allies such as Persia, Israel, Hama, Phenicia, Canaanite, the Arabs, the Arameans and the Neo-Hittites, fought in the battle of Qarqar against the powerful Assyrian king Salmanassar III (853 BC). The coalition was defeated and the Assyrian Empire continued to dominate the Levant.
Was a secessionist Egyptian Dynasty during the the Third Intermediate Period.
January 753 BC: In the last phase of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt, a number of rulers ruled from Leontopolis over the western part of the Nile Delta and part of Middle Egypt. The first of them, Iuput II, ruled over Leontopolis from 754 to 720/715 BC.
January 714 BC: Contemporary with the last phase of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt, there were some kings who ruled from Leontopolis over the western part of the Nile Delta and part of Middle Egypt. Iuput II ruled over Leontopolis from 754 to 720/715 BC.
The Twenty-Fourth Dynasty was a short-lived group of pharaohs who had their capital at Sais in the western Nile Delta.
January 731 BC: The Twenty-Fourth Dynasty (c. 732-720 BC) was a short-lived group of Pharaohs who had their capital at Sais in the western Nile Delta.
January 719 BC: The Twenty-Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, ruled by pharaohs such as Tefnakht and Bakenranef, lasted from around 732-720 BC. Their capital was located at Sais in the western Nile Delta. This period saw a brief resurgence of Egyptian power before being conquered by the Kingdom of Kush.
As ruler of Nubia and Upper Egypt, Piye took advantage of the political weakness of Egypt during the third intermediate period.
January 720 BC: As ruler of Nubia and Upper Egypt, Piye took advantage of weakness of Egypt's rulers by expanding Nubia. Despite Piye's successful campaign into the Delta, his authority only extended northward from Thebes up to the western desert oases and Herakleopolis.
January 712 BC: Shabaka, Piye's successor, attacked Sais and defeated Tefnakht's successor Bakenranef.
January 712 BC: Usermaatre Osorkon IV had to face the power, and ultimately submit himself to the Kushite King Piye during Piye's conquest of Egypt.
5.1.Piye´s Campaign against Thebes
Was a military campaign of ancient Kushite King Piye against Thebes.
January 720 BC: The first Nubian ruler to push north was Pianki, considered the founder of the dynasty, who conquered Thebes and defeated a first coalition between the rulers of the XXII, XXXIII and XXIV dynasty but who did not complete the work retreating to Napata after the victory.
5.2.Conquests of Shebitku
Ancient Kushite King Shebitku, the son of King Piye, was able to conclude the conquest of all Ancient Egyptians territories that his father had started.
January 705 BC: Shebitku was a pharaoh of the 25th Dynasty of Egypt, also known as the Kushite Dynasty. He successfully conquered the entire Nile valley, including Upper and Lower Egypt, establishing his rule over the region by 707/706 BC.
January 705 BC: Shebitku was a pharaoh of the 25th Dynasty of Egypt, also known as the Kushite Dynasty. He successfully conquered the Nile valley, including Upper and Lower Egypt, around 707/706 BC. This territory was previously under the control of the city of Herakleopolis.
January 705 BC: Shebitku was a pharaoh of the 25th Dynasty of Egypt, also known as the Kushite Dynasty. He successfully conquered the Nile valley, including Upper and Lower Egypt, around 707/706 BC. This expansion of territory brought Hermopolis under the rule of the Kingdom of Kush.
Was a military campaign of ancient Kushite King and Egyptian Pharaoh Piye in Syria. .
February 719 BC: The Egyptian army was defeated by Assyrian king Sargon II and had to leave the territories occupied in Philistia.
January 719 BC: In 720 BC Egyptian pharaoh Piye sent the army in support of a rebellion, in Philistia and Gaza, against Assyria.
Was a military campaign of ancient Kushite King and Egyptian Pharaoh Piye in Syria. .
February 710 BC: The Egyptian army is again defeated by the Assyrians and leaves Philistia.
January 710 BC: In 711 BC Egyptian pharaoh Piye invaded again Philistia and Gaza.
Was a military campaign of ancient Kushite King and Egyptian Pharaoh Taharqa in Syria. .
February 699 BC: Assyrian king Sennacherib drove the Egyptians from the entire region of Canaan back into Egypt.
January 699 BC: From the 10th century BC onwards, Egypt's remaining Semitic allies in Canaan and southern Aramea had fallen to the Mesopotamian based Assyrian Empire, and by 700 BC Egypt invaded Canaan.
Were a series of Assyrian military campaigns that led to the conquest of Egypt.
9.1.Esarhaddon's first invasion
Was the first unsuccesful military campaign of Assyrian King Esarhaddon in Eygpt that resulted in the conquest of most of Egyptian Kingdom.
January 673 BC: In 674 BC. King Esarhaddon attempted to invade Egypt but was repulsed by Pharaoh Taharqa. The attempt was repeated in 671 BC with greater commitment, the Assyrian occupied Memphis and Thebes and Taharqa, severely defeated, was driven back to his Nubia.
February 673 BC: In 674 BC. King Esarhaddon attempted to invade Egypt but was repulsed by Pharaoh Taharqa. The attempt was repeated in 671 BC with greater commitment, the Assyrian occupied Memphis and Thebes and Taharqa, severely defeated, was driven back to his Nubia.
9.2.Esarhaddon's second invasion
Was a military campaign of Assyrian King Esarhaddon in Egypt that resulted in the conquest of the northern part of the Egyptian Kingdom.
January 670 BC: In -671 BC, King Esarhaddon of the Assyrian Empire launched a second conquest attempt in Egypt. This time, he successfully occupied key cities like Memphis and Thebes, forcing Taharqa, the ruler of Egypt, to retreat to Nubia after a severe defeat.
9.3.Kush conquers Egypt Back
The Egyptian Pharaoh Taharqa, that had been ousted by the Assyrians but still controlled Kush, invaded Egypt as far north as Memphis.
January 668 BC: The Assyrians only stationed their own troops in the north, and the native Egyptian puppet rulers installed by the Assyrians were unable to retain total control of the south of country for long. Two years later (669 BC), Taharqa returned from Nubia and seized control Egypt from the native vassal rulers as far north as Memphis.
9.4.Ashurbanipal's first invasion
Was a military campaign of Assyrian King Ashurbanipal that conquered southern Egypt (the northern part of the Kingdom was already under Assyrian control).
January 667 BC: Esarhaddon set about returning to Egypt to once more eject Taharqa from the south; however, he fell ill and died in the northern Assyrian city of Harran before departing. His successor Ashurbanipal sent a general with a small, well-trained army corps which easily defeated and ejected Taharqa from Egypt once and for all.
9.5.Ashurbanipal's second invasion
Was the second military campaign of Assyrian King Ashurbanipal in Egypt to reconquer the region after an invasion by the Kingdom of Kush.
January 662 BC: Egypt was still seen as vulnerable and Tantamani invaded Egypt in hopes of restoring his family to the throne. This led to a renewed conflict with Ashurbanipal in 663 BC.
June 662 BC: The Assyrians led by Ashurbanipal returned to Egypt in force. Together with Psamtik I's army, which comprised Carian mercenaries, they fought a pitched battle in north Memphis, close to the temple of Isis, between the Serapeum and Abusir. Tantamani was defeated and fled to Upper Egypt.
While the Neo-Assyrian Empire was busy with revolts and civil war over control of the throne, Egypt seceeded from the empire.
January 652 BC: The removal of the Assyrian garrisons in Egypt occurred in 653 BC.
Selected Sources
Faulkner, R.O. (2003): The Literature of Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Stories, Instructions, Stelae, Autobiographies, and Poetry, Yale University Press, p. 368ff
Third Intermediate Period
