Tonkin campaign
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Was a French military campaign to conquer Tonkin and Annam, in Vietnam, that became French protectorates.
Chronology
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Was a military expedition of French officer Henri Rivière to conquer Tonkin and Annam during the Tonkin Campaign.
April 1882: The French army under Rivière captured the citadel of Hanoi, capital of Tonkin.
May 1882: In 1882, the Tonkin region was returned to the Nguyễn Dynasty in Vietnam. The Citadel, a fortified structure, was handed back to the Vietnamese control after being under French occupation during the Tonkin Campaign.
March 1883: General Alexandre-Eugène Bouët led the 520 infantry troops from France to occupy the citadel of Nam Dinh in 1883 during the French military occupation of the territory. Bouët was a prominent French military leader known for his role in the colonization of Vietnam.
July 1883: The French position in Tonkin on Bouët's arrival in early June 1883 was extremely precarious. The French had only small garrisons in Hanoi, Haiphong and Nam Định, isolated posts at Hon Gai and at Qui Nhơn in Annam.
Was the conflict between the French forces, that had invaded Vietnam, and the Black Flag Army, a Chinese paramilitary group that controlled territories in Vietnam.
August 1883: In 1883, during the period of French military occupation in Hải Dương, a successful attack was led by Lieutenant-Colonel Brionval. The French forces, including marine infantry and Cochinchinese riflemen, overcame Vietnamese defenses on August 13th.
December 1883: Sơn Tây campaign.
March 1884: Bắc Ninh Campaign.
April 1884: The French captured Hưng Hóa.
June 1884: Thái Nguyên conquered by france.
July 1884: Tuyên Quang conquered by france.
December 1883: In November the French further strengthened their grip on the Delta by occupying the towns of Ninh Bình, Hưng Yên and Quảng Yên.
The 1883 and 1884 Treaties of Huế divided the remaining Vietnamese territory into the French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin under nominal Nguyen dynasty rule.
August 1883: The 1883 and 1884 Treaties of Huế divided the remaining Vietnamese territory into the protectorates of Annam and Tonkin under nominal Nguyen dynasty rule.
Was a war between France and Qing China caused by the French military campaigns to conquer Vietnam.
February 1885: De Négrier defeated the Chinese at the Battle of Đồng Đăng on February 23, 1885 and drove them out of Tonkin.
April 1885: Admiral Courbet, a French naval officer, was ordered by the French government to send a marine infantry battalion to occupy the Pescadores Islands in late March 1885.
February 1885: The French reached Lạng Sơn after ten days' march.
February 1885: Dong Song is occupied by French forces.
October 1884: In 1884, during the Sino-French War, French forces occupied Keelung, a strategic port city in Taiwan. This military action was part of France's efforts to expand its influence in East Asia. The conflict was led by Admiral Amédée Courbet on the French side.
September 1884: Chinese invasion of the Red River Delta. By late September 1884, the Guangxi Army had advanced as far as the Lục Nam valley.
October 1884: Kep conquered by france.
October 1884: Chu conquered by france.
November 1884: The French occupied Tien Yen and Dong Trieu.
February 1885: Pho Vy conquered by france.
February 1885: The french overwhelmed the Chinese defenses at Bac Vie.
March 1885: Lạng Sơn conquered by china.
February 1885: Hạ Hòa conquered by france.
April 1885: Lacking sufficient troops, the Chinese contented themselves with a further advance as far as Dong Song.
February 1885: Tây Hòa conquered by france.
4.1.Treaty of Tientsin (1885)
Was the treaty that ended the Sino-French War. Qing China recognized the French protectorate over Vietnam.
June 1885: The Treaties of Tientsin recognized most of France's claims.
June 1885: French troops had to leave Formosa and the Pescadores.
