War in Bohemia
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Was the theatre of war in Bohemia during the first phase of the Thirty Years' War.
Chronology
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May 1618: On May 23rd, 1618, the Catholic emissaries of Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II are thrown out of a window of Prague Castle. This event, called the "Defenestration of Prague", marked the beginning of the Thirty Years' War. Bohemia revolts against the Empire.
November 1618: Battle of Lomnitz: The Bohemians defeat the Imperials commanded by the Count of Bucquoy.
June 1619: The Bohemian army under Heinrich Matthias von Thurn first forced the Moravian estates to join the uprising, then invaded the Austrian homelands of the Habsburgs and stood before Vienna on June 6, 1619.
June 1619: In 1619, during the Bohemian Revolt, Count von Bucquoy, a general in the Habsburg army, defeated Ernst von Mansfeld at the Battle of Sablat. This victory forced the Bohemian Governing Board in Prague to recall Thurn, a leader of the Protestant rebels, to defend Bohemia against the Habsburg forces.
October 1619: Bohemian attack on Vienna led by Heinrich Matthias von Thurn.
October 1619: The Austrian army commanded by Field Marshal Bucquoy is able to drive away Bohemian forces from Vienna.
November 1619: In 1619, Bohemian leader Heinrich Matthias von Thurn besieged Vienna.
July 1620: The Battle of White Mountain took place in 1620 near Vienna. The Imperial forces, led by Charles de Bucquoy, defeated the Bohemian and Palatine troops commanded by Heinrich Matthias von Thurn. This marked a significant victory for the Catholic Habsburgs in the early stages of the Thirty Years' War.
October 1620: Saxon troops occupied Lusatia.
November 1620: Tilly and Bucquoy crush the Bohemian rebels at the Battle of White Mountain (Bila Hora) near Prague on November 8, 1620.
January 1621: After the Battle of the White Mountain, Beuthen reverted to Bohemia as a fief.
June 1619: In 1619, during the Bohemian Revolt, Count von Bucquoy defeated Ernst von Mansfeld at the Battle of Sablat. This victory forced the Bohemian Governing Board in Prague to recall Thurn, a key leader of the revolt, to defend Bohemia against the Habsburg forces.
July 1619: The Bohemian Confederation was a treaty of alliance between the non-Catholic Estates of the Bohemian crown lands. It was formed in Prague on July 31, 1619. The Confederation regulated the state order of the Crown of Bohemia in a new way. The king, as the monarchical head of the group of countries, was largely deprived of power and governmental power was placed in the hands of the estates. Bohemia became an elective monarchy again. At the same time, the relationship between the communes was changed. The estates of the neighboring countries of Moravia, Silesia, Upper and Lower Lusatia were put on an equal footing with those of Bohemia. From then on they were allowed to take part in the election of the king. Protestantism was practically declared the state religion.
October 1619: Siege and capture of Pressburg (modern-day Bratislava) by the Bohemian rebels. It is a defeat of the imperial forces commanded by Rudolf von Tiefenbach by Gabriel Bethlen.
January 1621: Habsburg forces led by Charles de Bucquoy captured Karlštejn.
May 1621: The Imperials captured Pressburg (modern-day Bratislava).
November 1618: On November 21, 1618 the city of Pilsen was taken by the Calvinist rebels. It was the first major battle of the Thirty Years' War, and the starting point of the Bohemian Revolt.
October 1620: A meeting of all Protestant princes in Nuremberg called by Frederick in December 1619 was only attended by members of the Protestant Union, while in March 1620 the Emperor was able to bind the Protestant princes who were loyal to the Emperor to himself. Electoral Saxony was promised Lusatia for its support. With the Ulm Treaty, the Catholic League and the Protestant Union concluded a non-aggression agreement, so that Friedrich could no longer expect any help. That is why in September the league army was able to invade Bohemia unhindered via Upper Austria.
