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Was a European conflict caused by the succession to the Habsburg Domains. Maria Theresa succeeded her father Charles VI, and the opposition to female inheritance of the throne was a pretext for starting a war. It was a global conflict that saw fight in Europe, Asia, America and Africa.
Chronology
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Was a war between the British Empire and the Spanish Empire that took place in the Americas.
December 1739: In 1739, during the War of Jenkins' Ear, British Admiral Edward Vernon led an unsuccessful siege on Porto Bello in present-day Panama. The British occupied the town for three weeks before withdrawing, having first destroyed its fortifications, port, and warehouses. This event marked a significant defeat for the British in their attempts to gain control of Spanish America.
July 1740: The siege of St. Augustine in 1740 was led by British General James Oglethorpe against Spanish Governor Manuel de Montiano. The failure of the Royal Navy blockade allowed supplies to reach the Spanish settlement, leading to the collapse of the siege.
June 1740: In 1740, the British colony of Georgia, led by General James Oglethorpe, launched an overland attack on the fortified city of St. Augustine in Florida, which was then under Spanish control. The attack was part of the larger conflict known as the War of Jenkins' Ear between Britain and Spain.
November 1739: In 1739, Admiral Edward Vernon led the British attack on Porto Bello, a strategic port in Panama. The successful siege resulted in the town falling to British military occupation within a day. Vernon was a prominent British naval officer known for his aggressive tactics during the War of Jenkins' Ear.
March 1740: Captain Cevallos was a Spanish military officer who defended the fort of San Lorenzo el Real Chagres against a British military occupation in 1740. Despite his resistance for two days, he eventually surrendered the fort to the British forces.
March 1740: In 1740, during the War of Jenkins' Ear, the British forces, led by Admiral Edward Vernon, attacked and destroyed the fort at San Lorenzo el Real Chagres in Spanish America. They seized the guns and two Spanish patrol boats in the process.
Was the first of three wars between Austria and Prussia for the control of Silesia. It was part of the War of the Austrian Succession. The war started when Prussia invaded Silesia. The possession of the region by Prussia was aknowledged by Austria at the end of the war.
2.1.Silesian Theatre (First War)
Was the Silesian theatre of the First Silesian War.
2.2.Austrian Theatre
Was the Austrian theatre of the First Silesian War.
2.3.Bohemian Theatre (First Silesian WarWar)
Was the Bohemian theatre of the First Silesian War.
2.4.Moravian Theatre
Was the Moravian theatre of the First Silesian War.
2.5.Bavarian Theatre
Was the Bavarian theatre of the First Silesian War.
Was the Italian theatre of the War of the Austrian Succession.
December 1746: The revolt in the city lasted three days, as on 9 December Botta Adorno agreed to the negotiations and left the city almost immediately.
October 1746: On 6 September 1746, Genoa was besieged by the Austrians who had crossed the territories of the King of Sardinia. The Austrians, led by General Brown and the Genoese exile Antoniotto Botta Adorno, had presented themselves in Sampierdarena imposing excruciating peace conditions on the Genoese. Among these conditions was the dismantling of the city fortifications and their transfer to the Austrians.
December 1746: Revolt of Genoa.
3.1.Invasion of Modena
Was a joint Austrian and Savoyard invasion of Modena during the War of the Austrian Succession.
March 1742: In 1742, during the War of the Austrian Succession, General Novati, a commander in the Habsburg Empire's army, advanced towards Modena, which was under military occupation by both the Piedmont-Savoy and Habsburg Empire forces. Novati's presence near Modena posed a threat to the city's security.
May 1743: The next day the ministers handed over Modena to the Austro-Sardinians and the city was occupied by 3 Austro-Sardinian battalions.
July 1743: On 22 July the citadel of Mirandola fell to imperial forces.
3.2.Invasion of Savoy
Was a French invasion of Savoy during the War of the Austrian Succession.
April 1743: The French entered Savoy and conquered it entirely.
December 1743: King Charles Emmanuel III of Savoy was forced to retreat to Piedmont due to the rainy season and disease affecting his army. The Spanish forces took advantage of this situation to reoccupy the region of Savoy.
September 1743: Sardinian king Carlo Emanuele managed to drive the invading Spaniards out of Savoy.
3.3.Franco-Spanish invasion of Northern Italy
Was a joint French and Spanish invasion of northern Italy during the War of the Austrian Succession.
July 1744: On 18 July 1744, the Gallo-Spanish army engaged the Sardinian army in a desperate fight at Pietralunga. Following the battle, the Bourbon army took control of Casteldelfino in the Second Battle of Casteldelfino.
October 1744: End of the siege of Cuneo (1744).
September 1746: The French army commanded by Maillebois engaged the Austrians in Rottofreddo on August 12, 1746. After the battle, Maillebois retreated from Piedmont-Savoy.
August 1744: The Gallo-Spanish (that is, the Spanish army supported by the French) occupied the fortress of Demonte (Forte della Consolata) on 17 August 1744, abandoned by the defenders for fear of an explosion of the magazine and then proceeded quickly towards Cuneo.
September 1744: French and Spanish siege of Cuneo (1744).
November 1745: During the War of the Austrian Succession, the allies led by Prince Charles of Lorraine and Count Traun decided to besiege the cities of Alessandria, Asti, and Valenza in 1745, instead of pursuing the enemy. This military strategy ultimately led to the territories falling under French and Spanish military occupation.
March 1746: The Franco-Spanish winter quarters of Asti were brusquely attacked by Charles Emmanuel III at the head of his army, which on March 7, 1746, showed up under Asti occupied by the enemy. The city was captured the same day and with it the French garrison of 6,000 men.
March 1746: Sardinian forces retake Alessandria from the enemy.
March 1746: In 1746, during the War of the Austrian Succession, General Leutrum besieged Valenza in Italy. The town was captured by the Piedmontese forces before the French under Maillebois could arrive to assist. This victory helped the Kingdom of Sardinia gain control of the territory.
April 1744: French and Spanish forces crossed the Var and advanced on Nice, which fell without a fight.
September 1745: Battle of Bassignana (1745).
On 13 September, Great Britain, Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia agreed the Treaty of Worms, aimed at the expulsion of Spain from Italy. In return for Sardinian support in Lombardy, the Austrians ceded all their territories west of the Ticino River and Lake Maggiore, along with lands south of the Po River.
September 1743: On 13 September, Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia, Maria Theresa and Britain agreed the Treaty of Worms, aimed at the expulsion of Spain from Italy. In return for Sardinian support in Lombardy, the Austrians ceded all their territories west of the Ticino River and Lake Maggiore, along with lands south of the Po River.
Was the theatre of war in the Rhineland during the War of the Austrian Succession.
November 1744: During the War of the Austrian Succession, Louis XV of France besieged and captured Freiburg in 1744. This military occupation was part of France's efforts to expand its territory and influence in the region.
July 1744: Prince Charles, who, assisted by the veteran Marshal Traun, skillfully manoeuvred his allied army over the Rhine near Philippsburg on 1 July 1744 and captured the lines of Weissenburg, and cut off Marshal Coigny and his army from Alsace.
October 1744: Prince Charles's army was able to return to Bohemia quickly, in good order and at full strength, though it was forced to abandon control of Alsace and Bavaria. Austrian diplomats also persuaded Saxony to re-enter the conflict on Austria's side, though in a strictly defensive role. By early October the Austrians were advancing through southwestern Bohemia toward Prague.
Was the theatre of war in the Low Countries during the War of the Austrian Succession.
October 1747: In 1747, during the War of the Austrian Succession, the French forces led by Marshal Maurice de Saxe besieged and captured Bergen op Zoom in September. This victory was part of France's military occupation of the region during the conflict.
January 1747: During 1746, the French continued their advance into the Austrian Netherlands, taking Antwerp and then clearing Dutch and Austrian forces from the area between Brussels and the Meuse.
July 1744: During the War of the Austrian Succession, King Louis XV of France led a military invasion of the Austrian Netherlands in July 1744. With a force of 90,000 men, he successfully captured the cities of Menin and Ypres, marking a significant victory for the French forces.
June 1745: After the Battle on Fontenoy, the fortress of Tournay surrendered to the French.
January 1746: The British and Dutch withdrew from Fontenoy in good order but the French-backed Jacobite rising of August, 1745 forced the British to transfer troops from Flanders to deal with it. By the end of 1745, the French held the strategic towns of Ghent, Oudenarde, Bruges, and Dendermonde, as well as the ports of Ostend and Nieuwpoort, threatening Britain's links to the Low Countries.
May 1747: Maastricht surrendered on 7 May 1747 during the War of the Austrian Succession. The city was occupied by French forces led by Marshal Maurice de Saxe, marking a significant victory for France over the Dutch Republic.
Was the second of three wars between Austria and Prussia for the control of Silesia. It was part of the War of the Austrian Succession.
7.1.Bohemian Theatre (Second Silesian War)
Was the Bohemian theatre of the Second Silesian War.
7.2.Silesian Theatre (Second War)
Was the Silesian theatre of the Second Silesian War.
Was a war between the British Empire and the French Empire that took place in the Americas. The conflict was part of the War of the Austrian Succession.
June 1745: In 1745, British colonial forces led by William Pepperrell and Peter Warren captured Fortress Louisbourg, a strategic French stronghold in Nova Scotia, after a six-week siege during the War of the Austrian Succession.
January 1747: The New Englanders also assumed control of Port-La-Joye on present-day Prince Edward Island.
August 1745: The New Englanders also assumed control of Port-La-Joye on present-day Prince Edward Island.
Was an uprising in Great Britain that attempted to regain the British throne for the House of Stuart.
December 1745: The Jacobite army entered Derby on 4 December.
November 1745: After the defeat at the Battle of Prestonpans, Jacobite Rebels led by Charles Edward Stuart advanced south to Preston in 1745. The garrison left behind was under the command of General Sir John Cope.
April 1746: Charles Stuart and his uprising were defeated at the Battle of Culloden.
December 1745: The fast-moving Jacobite army evaded pursuit with only a minor skirmish at Clifton Moor, crossing back into Scotland.
November 1745: Murray divided the army into two columns to conceal their destination from General Wade, government commander in Newcastle, and entered England on 8 November without opposition. On 10th, they reached Carlisle. The castle capitulated on 15 November.
August 1745: The rebellion was launched with the raising of the Royal Standard at Glenfinnan.
November 1745: The last elements of the Jacobite army left Edinburgh on 4 November and government forces under General Handasyde retook the city on 14th.
September 1745: They reached Perth where they were joined by more sympathisers.
January 1746: The Siege of Stirling Castle in 1746 was a key event during the Jacobite Rising. The castle was held by British forces loyal to King George II, while Jacobite rebels, led by Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Charlie), attempted to capture it. The siege ended with the castle surrendering to the Jacobites.
November 1745: Manchester conquered by Jacobite Rebels.
September 1745: Charles Edward Stuart, who was a Jacobite claimant to the British throne, entered Edinburgh unopposed.
Was the Indian theatre of the War of the Austrian Succession and the first of a series of Carnatic Wars. In this conflict the British and French East India Companies fought for control of their respective trading posts at Madras, Pondicherry, and Cuddalore.
September 1746: Fall of Madras to the French.
Was the treaty that ended the War of the Austrian Succession, following a congress assembled on 24 April 1748 at the Free Imperial City of Aachen.
October 1748: France returned the Southern Netherlands (i.e. today's Belgium) to Austria.
October 1748: The County of Horburg had been under French sovereignty since 1748 and was ceded to France along with the other possessions on the left bank of the Rhine in 1793.
October 1748: In 1748, the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle restored Louisbourg to France. Louisbourg was a French fortress located on Cape Breton Island in present-day Nova Scotia, Canada. The treaty was signed by representatives of France, Great Britain, and other European powers to end the War of the Austrian Succession.
October 1748: The State that obtained the greatest advantage was Prussia, which definitively annexed the rich region of Silesia, wrested from Austria.
October 1748: France accepted the re-establishment of the status quo in the overseas territories. Madras given back to the British.
October 1748: The Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla to Philip of Bourbon.
October 1748: Bobbio became part of the domains of the House of Savoy in 1748 after the Wars of Succession and formed the Province of Bobbio.
Selected Sources
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748), https://www.ieg-friedensvertraege.de/treaty/1748%20X%2018%20Friedensvertrag%20von%20Aachen/t-283-1-de.html?h=1
War of the Austrian Succession
