West Florida Controversy

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Were two border disputes that involved Spain and the United States in relation to the region known as West Florida.

Chronology

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1. First West Florida Controversy

The dispute over West Florida between Spain and the United States was finally resolved with Pinckney's Treaty in 1795, in which both parties agreed on the 31st parallel as the boundary between the United States and West Florida.

October 1795: With Pinckney's Treaty in 1795, Spain and the United States agreed on the 31st parallel as the boundary between the United States and West Florida.

2. Second West Florida Controversy

The United States occupied West Florida, a disputed territory, taking advantage of the Peninsular War that Spain was fighting against Napoleonic forces.

December 1810: On October 27, the United States president proclaimed that the territory should be annexed, and Spain, then embroiled in the Peninsular War with France, could do little to resist. On December 10, the United States military completed the forcible occupation and acquiescence of the Republic of West Florida.

February 1821: The Adams-Onís Treaty was negotiated between Secretary of State John Quincy Adams and Spanish minister Luis de Onís. The treaty resulted in the transfer of East and West Florida to the United States in 1821 in exchange for the US dropping claims of spoliation against Spain.