Fatimid invasions of Egypt
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Were a series of military invasions of Egypt by the Fatimid Caliphate. The Fatimids were finally able to conquer Egypt in their third invasion, in 969 AD.
Chronology
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Was the first unsuccesfull Fatimid attempt to conquer Eygpt, at the time part of the Abbasid Caliphate.
August 914: The Kutama raided south along the River Nile and devastated the country, reaching as far as Giza.
August 914: The ambitious Habasa, also known as Ahmad ibn Tulun, was the founder of the Tulunid dynasty in Egypt. He defeated an Abbasid force led by Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid at al-Hanniya before capturing Alexandria on 27 August 914.
January 915: Unable to cross the river to Fustat, al-Qa'im moved, with a large part of his army, around Takin's defences and into the fertile Fayyum Oasis.
June 915: Al-Qa'im evacuated Alexandria hastily and without battle, leaving much of his armament and equipment behind.
January 915: On 8 January 915, in a large-scale battle at Giza, the Fatimids were decisively defeated. With his army collapsing, al-Qa'im retreated to Alexandria, which he entered on 23 January.
June 915: May 915 - april 917: Al-Qa'im arrived at Raqqada on 28 May 915. In his rear, Cyrenaica rose in revolt and overthrew Fatimid control; in Barqa, the entire Kutama garrison was killed. The rebellion was only suppressed in 917, after an 18-month siege of Barqa.
1.1.Conquest of the Cyrenaica
Was a Fatimid military campaign in Cyrenaica, at the time part of the Abbasid Caliphate.
February 914: The expedition against Egypt in 914 was led by the Fatimid Caliphate, who successfully took control of Sirte and Ajdabiya after the Abbasid garrisons abandoned the towns without a fight. This marked a significant victory for the Fatimid Caliphate in their campaign against the Abbasid dynasty.
February 914: Habasa entered Barqa.
Was the second unsuccesfull Fatimid attempt to conquer Eygpt, at the time part of the Abbasid Caliphate.
July 919: The vanguard arrived before Alexandria on 9 July 919. The arrival of the Fatimid expeditionary force in July 919 caught the city's governor, Dhuka's son Muzaffar, by surprise. Along with his aides and many of the populace, he fled without giving battle.
August 919: Fatimid caliph al-Qa'im left Alexandria and, bypassing Giza, took over the fertile Fayyum Oasis.
July 921: On 28 June, Mu'nis and Takin, along with Thamal's fleet, set out to with all their forces to attack Fayyum. Once the Abbasid forces began to advance into the oasis, on 8 July al-Qa'im ordered the retreat.
July 921: The city was captured with relative ease from its Kutama garrison (May/June 921).
The troops of the Fatimid Caliphate under the general Jawhar captured Egypt, at the time ruled by the autonomous Ikhshidid dynasty in the name of the Abbasid Caliphate.
June 969: In May 969, the Fatimid army entered the Nile Delta. Jawhar occupied Alexandria without resistance.
June 969: A Fatimid vanguard advanced towards the Fayyum oasis.
July 969: On 3 July, the two armies clashed, and the Fatimids prevailed. No details are known, but the entire Ikhshidid force sent from Giza to oppose the Fatimids was destroyed. The rest of the Ikhshidid troops then abandoned Rawda and dispersed, leaving Fustat.
