Boer Wars
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Were two wars between the British Empire and the independent Boer republics of South Africa. The British wanted to extend their control over the interior of South Africa and its resources. At the end of the two wars the Boer Republics became British colonies.
Chronology
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Was a war between the British Empire and the South African Republic, a Boer Republic in modern-day Transvaal.
December 1880: The Boers self-proclaimed Transvaal as an independent republic.
January 1879: Throughout 1879 and 1880, Paul Kruger fomented a series of large-scale rebellions in the Transvaal.
Was a war that saw the British Empire fight against two Boer republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. At the end of the war the Boer republics became part of the British Empire.
2.1.Boer offensive
Was a military invasion of the British Colony of Natal by the Boers during the Second Boer War.
November 1899: The Siege of Ladysmith took place during the Second Boer War, with British forces under the command of Sir George White being besieged by Boer forces led by General Piet Joubert. The siege lasted for 118 days, from November 1899 to February 1900, before being relieved by British reinforcements.
October 1899: The Potchefstroom and Lichtenburg commandos under General Koos de la Rey (one of General Piet Cronjé's field generals) attacked and captured the British garrison and railway siding at Kraaipan between Vryburg and Mafeking, some 60 kilometres south west of Mafeking.
October 1899: The Siege of Kimberley in 1899 was a key event in the Second Boer War. The city was besieged by Boer forces led by General Piet Cronje, but was eventually relieved by British forces under the command of General John French. The siege lasted for 124 days and ended with the territory being taken over by the South African Republic and the Free State of Orange.
October 1899: The Boer force, led by General Piet Joubert, occupied Elandslaagte during the Second Boer War in 1899. This strategic victory allowed the South African Republic and Free State of Orange to gain control of the territory through military occupation.
2.2.British offensive (Second Boer War)
Was a British military campaign in the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. Both were occupied by the British.
May 1900: At the end of the Second Boer War the military occupation of the Orange Free State ended. The State was annexed by Great Britain and renamed the Orange River Colony.
February 1900: Siege of Kimberley by British forces.
February 1900: Siege of Ladysmith by British forces from the Natal Colony.
March 1900: British general Roberts advanced into the Orange Free State from the west, putting the Boers to flight at the Battle of Poplar Grove and capturing Bloemfontein, the capital, unopposed.
June 1900: The capital of the Transvaal, Pretoria, was taken by British forces.
September 1900: The British declared the Second Boer War over on 3 September 1900. The occupied territories ceased to be under military occupation, and the South African Republic was annexed, becoming the Transvaal Colony. Minor parts of the territories of the Republic were integrated into the Cape and Natal Colonies.
May 1900: British troops captured Johannesburg on 31 May.
