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Data

Name: Boxers

Type: Polity

Start: 1899 AD

End: 1901 AD

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A Chinese secret society based in Northern China that carried out the Boxer Rebellion from 1899 to 1901.

Establishment


  • October 1899: The "Boxers" called themselves the "Militia United in Righteousness" for the first time one year later, at the Battle of Senluo Temple (October 1899), a clash between Boxers and Qing government troops occurred.
  • Chronology


    Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

    1. Century of humiliation


    A period (1839-1949) of foregin interventions in China resulting in the occupation, conquest or lease of large territories by foregin countries.

    1.1.Boxer Rebellion

    Was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901. The rebels were known as the "Boxers" in English because many of its members had practiced Chinese martial arts, which at the time were referred to as "Chinese boxing".

    1.1.1.Initial revolt of the Boxers

    Was the revolt by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists (known as the "Boxers" by western countries) that started the Boxer Rebellion.

  • June 1900: In spring 1900, the Boxer movement spread rapidly north from Shandong into the countryside near Beijing.
  • June 1900: On 11 June, the first Boxer, dressed in his finery, was seen in the Legation Quarter. The German Minister, Clemens von Ketteler, and German soldiers captured a Boxer boy and inexplicably executed him. In response, thousands of Boxers burst into the walled city of Beijing that afternoon and burned many of the Christian churches and cathedrals in the city, burning some victims alive.
  • June 1900: Thousands of boxers from the countryside converged on Tientsin, and on June 15, 1900, they rampaged through the walled city destroying Christian churches and killing Chinese Christians. On June 16, a mob of partially armed boxers advanced on the foreign settlements.

  • 1.1.2.Seymour Expedition

    Was an attempt by a multi-national military force to march to Beijing and relieve the Siege of the Legations durint the Boxer Rebellion.

  • June 1900: As the Boxer Rebellion more violent, a second multinational force of 2,000 sailors and marines under the command of the British vice-admiral Edward Seymour, the largest contingent being British, was dispatched from Dagu to Beijing on 10 June 1900. The troops were transported by train from Dagu to Tianjin.

  • 1.1.3.Eight Nations Alliance Invasion of China

    Was the invasion of Qing China by the Eight-Nation Alliance (formed by the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Japan) during the Boxer Rebellion.

  • July 1900: The international force captured Tianjin.
  • August 1900: Beijing, Tianjin, and other cities in northern China were occupied by the international force.
  • September 1901: The Boxer Protocol was signed, and as a result, the Qing Dynasty regained control over the rebellious territories.

  • 1.1.3.1.Russian invasion of Manchuria

    Was the Russian invasion of Manchuria, a territory of Qing China, during the Boxer Rebellion.


    Disestablishment


  • September 1901: The Boxer Protocol was signed, and as a result, the Qing Dynasty regained control over the rebellious territories.
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