Don Cossacks

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The Don Cossacks elected General Aleksei Maksimovich Kaledin to the position of Ataman at its traditional assembly and became factually independent during the Russian Civil War.

Establishment

November 1917: In the Don Cossack capital, Novocherkassk, the Don Cossack Host had elected General Aleksei Maksimovich Kaledin to the position of Ataman at its traditional assembly, the Host Krug (1 July,O.S. 18 June, 1917). On 20 November (O.S. 7 November) 1917, not long after the Communists took control in central Russia, the Don Krug declared its independence.

December 1917: With the encouragement of Kaledin, the Whites, still only some 500 strong, managed to recapture the city of Rostov from local Red Guard units on 15 December.

Chronology

Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation

1. Russian Civil War

Was a Civil War in Russia that involved varios factions but mainly the Bolsheviks and the conservative White Army in the core Russian territories, as well as a multitude of local secessionist states. At the end of war the Bolsheviks were victorious and established the Soviet Union.

1.1.Bolsheviks take control of most of European Russia

Were a series of insurrections that resulted in the Bolshevik conquest of most of European Russia.

February 1918: Bolsheviks take control of Kyiv and Vologda.

1.2.Ice March

Was a military withdrawal during the Russian Civil War. Under attack by the Red Army advancing from the north, the forces of the Volunteer Army, sometimes referred to as the White Guard, began a retreat from the city of Rostov south towards the Kuban.

February 1918: As the Red Army entered Rostov, the Cossacks led by Kornilov began the march south across the frozen steppelands.