Gupta Empire
If you are looking for the page with the statistics about this polity you can find it here:All Statistics
Was an ancient Indian empire. In the period of its maximal extent it controlled most of the Indian Subcontinent. The empire ended due to fragmentation and invasions by the Huns.
Establishment
January 251: The Gupta Empire was established in the mid-to-late 3rd century CE.
Chronology
Interactive Chronologies with maps are available in the section Changes Navigation
Conquests by Gupta ruler Samudragupta.
January 341: The Allahabad Pillar inscription of the Gupta king Samudragupta states that he defeated Ganapati-naga. This suggests that Ganapati-naga was the last Naga king, and after his defeat, the Naga territory was annexed to the Gupta Empire.
January 351: The Allahabad Pillar inscription, dated to 350 AD, credits Samudragupta of the Gupta Empire with defeating 8 kings of Aryavarta, including the Nagas. This military conquest solidified Gupta control over northern India.
January 351: Gupta Emperor Samudragupta subjugated all the kings of the forest region, which was most probably located in central India.
January 351: Panchala Kingdom was annexed by the Gupta Empire in the 4th century AD.
January 351: The Allahabad Pillar inscription mentions that rulers of several frontier kingdoms and tribal oligarchies paid Samudragupta tributes, obeyed his orders, and performed obeisance before him. The frontier kingdoms included Samatata, Davaka, Kamarupa, Nepala, and Karttripura. The tribal oligarchies included Malavas, Arjunayanas, Yaudheyas, Madrakas, and Abhiras, among others.
January 351: Samudragupta advanced as far as the Pallava kingdom in the south, and defeated Vishnugopa, the Pallava regent of Kanchi. [in the same year it is clear that the guptas extended their influence over several other territories and kingdoms].
January 351: Gupta ruler Samudragupta defeated several kings on the eastern coast of India.
January 351: Samudragupta of the Gupta Empire appears to have ended the Mitra dynasty of Kosambi during his conquests in the middle of the 4th century CE.
January 351: Kathiawar and Gujarat were conquered by the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II (also called Vikramaditya).
January 376: Mahameghavahana dynasty submitted to the Gupta Empire.
January 376: The Yaudheya Republic was ultimately conquered by Samudragupta and incorporated into the Gupta Empire until being disestablished.
Conquests by Gupta ruler Chandragupta II.
January 396: Indo-Scythian rule in the northwestern Indian subcontinent ceased when the last Western Satrap Rudrasimha III was defeated by the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II in 395 CE.
January 411: Chandragupta II expanded his realm westwards, defeating the Saka Western Kshatrapas of Malwa, Gujarat and Saurashtra in a campaign lasting until 409.
January 413: The Western Satraps were eventually conquered by emperor Chandragupta II. Inscriptions of a victorious Chandragupta II in the year 412-413 CE can be found on the railing near the Eastern Gateway of the Great Stupa in Sanchi.
January 416: The Abhira kingdom, mentioned in the Mahabharata, was disestablished in 415 A.D. The territory was then absorbed into the Gupta Empire, a powerful ancient Indian dynasty ruled by Chandragupta I and his successors.
Was a military confrontation that took place in 484 between an invading force of the Sasanian Empire under the command of Peroz I and a smaller army of the Hephthalite Empire under the command of Khushnavaz. The battle was a catastrophic defeat for the Sasanian forces and resulted in the creation of the state of the Nezak Huns, as well as the conquest of several territories by the Hephtalites.
January 485: The Nezak Huns established their realm in 484, after the defeat and death of the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) Peroz I against the Hephthalites.
Were a series of military campaigns by Yashodharman, ruler of the Second Aulikara dynasty, that resulted in the conquest (albeit short-lived) of most of the Indian Subcontinent.
January 531: Yashodharman conquered much of the Indian subcontinent between c. 530-540 CE according to Mandsaur pillar inscription.
January 541: Yashodharman's short-lived empire disintegrated between 530 and 540 CE.
January 301: Northern part, ruled by a collateral branch of the Satavahanas (which ended in early 4th century[53]).
January 351: Kamarupa, first mentioned on Samudragupta's Allahabad rock pillar as a frontier kingdom, began as a subordinate but sovereign ally of the Gupta empire around present-day Guwahati in the 4th century.
January 351: The Gauḍa Kingdom (Gāuṛ Rājya), was a Hindu regional power during the Classical period on the Indian subcontinent. It originated in the region of Bengal (modern-day West Bengal and Bangladesh) in 4th century CE or possibly earlier.
January 371: In 360-370 CE, a Kidarite kingdom was established in Central Asian regions previously ruled by the Sasanian Empire, replacing the Kushano-Sasanians in Bactria.
January 401: The Vasishthas were one of the three minor dynasties that emerged after the decline of the Gupta power in the area.
January 401: The Second Aulikara dynasty of Malwa emerged after the decline of the Gupta Empire.
January 401: The Mathara dynasty ruled Kalinga from the mid-4th century to the end of the 5th century, probably after the forces of the Gupta emperor Samudragupta withdrew from the region.
January 421: During the reign of Madhava Varma, they became independent and conquered coastal Andhra from the Salankayanas and established their capital at Denduluru.
January 421: Vikramaditya, also known as Chandragupta II, was a powerful ruler of the Gupta Empire in India. In 420, he led a military campaign to conquer the Parasikas, Hunas, and Kambojas tribes in the west and east Oxus valleys, expanding the empire's territory.
January 451: Madhava Varma II was a ruler of the Vishnukundina Dynasty. Ananda Gotrikas were a local ruling family in Guntur, Tenali, and Ongole. The Pallavas of Kanchipuram were a powerful dynasty in South India during that time.
January 457: The Traikutakas were a dynasty of Indian kings who ruled between 388 and 456.
January 465: The kings of the Licchavi dynasty (late 4th or 5th century - late 8th or 9th century) ruled the Kathmandu Valley and nearby valleys between the Kirata period and the Newari period.
January 476: Following the decline of the Gupta Empire, the Maitraka dynasty was founded by Senapati (general) Bhatarka, who was a military governor of Saurashtra under the Gupta Empire,.
January 481: The Alchon Huns, also known as the Hephthalites, were a nomadic people who invaded the region of Sindh in 480 CE. They were a powerful Central Asian tribe known for their military prowess and conquests in the region.
January 490: The Rai Dynasty (c. 489-632 AD) was a kingdom during the Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Sindh, later part of Pakistan. The dynasty at its height ruled much of the Northwestern regions of the Indian subcontinent. The influence of the Rai's extended from Kashmir in the east, Makran and Debal port (modern Karachi) in the west, Surat port in the south, and the Kandahar, Sulaiman, Ferdan and Kikanan hills in the north. It ruled an area of over 1,553,993 km2, and the dynasty reigned a period of 143 years.
January 501: Toramana was a powerful ruler of the Alchon Huns who invaded and sacked the city of Kausambi in 497-500. Following this conquest, the Alchon Huns moved to occupy the territory of Malwa in 500.
January 501: In the 480's the Alchon Huns under Toramana and Mihirakula broke through the Gupta defences in the northwest, and much of the empire in the northwest was overrun by the Huns by 500.
January 501: The Jaintia Kingdom was a matrilineal kingdom in present-day Bangladesh's Sylhet Division and India's Meghalaya state.
January 502: Narayanavarma (494-518) and his son Bhutivarman (518-542) offered the ashwamedha (horse sacrifice); and as the Nidhanpur inscription of Bhaskarvarman avers, these expansions included the region of Chandrapuri visaya, identified with present-day Sylhet division.
January 511: A decisive battle occurred in Malwa, where a local Gupta ruler, probably a governor, named Bhanugupta was defeated, so that the western Gupta province of Malwa fell into the hands of the Hunas.
January 529: The Huns were defeated and driven out of India in 528 by King Yashodharman from Malwa, and possibly Gupta emperor Narasimhagupta.
January 543: Not all reconquered regions were taken over by the Aulikaras.
Disestablishment
January 551: In the western regions, the Guptas were succeeded by the Gurjaras, the Pratiharas, and later the Chaulukya-Paramara dynasties.
Selected Sources
Annual Report Of Mysore 1886 To 1903. Retrieved on 29 march 2024 on https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.107941/page/n1/mode/2up
Sagar, K.C. (1992): Foreign Influence on Ancient India, Northern Book Centre, p.216
